2 * @brief Lightning memory-mapped database library
4 * @mainpage Lightning Memory-Mapped Database Manager (MDB)
6 * @section intro_sec Introduction
7 * MDB is a Btree-based database management library modeled loosely on the
8 * BerkeleyDB API, but much simplified. The entire database is exposed
9 * in a memory map, and all data fetches return data directly
10 * from the mapped memory, so no malloc's or memcpy's occur during
11 * data fetches. As such, the library is extremely simple because it
12 * requires no page caching layer of its own, and it is extremely high
13 * performance and memory-efficient. It is also fully transactional with
14 * full ACID semantics, and when the memory map is read-only, the
15 * database integrity cannot be corrupted by stray pointer writes from
18 * The library is fully thread-aware and supports concurrent read/write
19 * access from multiple processes and threads. Data pages use a copy-on-
20 * write strategy so no active data pages are ever overwritten, which
21 * also provides resistance to corruption and eliminates the need of any
22 * special recovery procedures after a system crash. Writes are fully
23 * serialized; only one write transaction may be active at a time, which
24 * guarantees that writers can never deadlock. The database structure is
25 * multi-versioned so readers run with no locks; writers cannot block
26 * readers, and readers don't block writers.
28 * Unlike other well-known database mechanisms which use either write-ahead
29 * transaction logs or append-only data writes, MDB requires no maintenance
30 * during operation. Both write-ahead loggers and append-only databases
31 * require periodic checkpointing and/or compaction of their log or database
32 * files otherwise they grow without bound. MDB tracks free pages within
33 * the database and re-uses them for new write operations, so the database
34 * size does not grow without bound in normal use.
36 * The memory map can be used as a read-only or read-write map. It is
37 * read-only by default as this provides total immunity to corruption.
38 * Using read-write mode offers much higher write performance, but adds
39 * the possibility for stray application writes thru pointers to silently
40 * corrupt the database. Of course if your application code is known to
41 * be bug-free (...) then this is not an issue.
43 * @section caveats_sec Caveats
44 * Troubleshooting the lock file, plus semaphores on BSD systems:
46 * - A broken lockfile can cause sync issues.
47 * Stale reader transactions left behind by an aborted program
48 * cause further writes to grow the database quickly, and
49 * stale locks can block further operation.
51 * Fix: Terminate all programs using the database, or make
52 * them close it. Next database user will reset the lockfile.
54 * - On BSD systems or others configured with MDB_USE_POSIX_SEM,
55 * startup can fail due to semaphores owned by another userid.
57 * Fix: Open and close the database as the user which owns the
58 * semaphores (likely last user) or as root, while no other
59 * process is using the database.
61 * Restrictions/caveats (in addition to those listed for some functions):
63 * - Only the database owner should normally use the database on
64 * BSD systems or when otherwise configured with MDB_USE_POSIX_SEM.
65 * Multiple users can cause startup to fail later, as noted above.
67 * - A thread can only use one transaction at a time, plus any child
68 * transactions. Each transaction belongs to one thread. See below.
70 * - Use an MDB_env* in the process which opened it, without fork()ing.
72 * - Do not have open an MDB database twice in the same process at
73 * the same time. Not even from a plain open() call - close()ing it
74 * breaks flock() advisory locking.
76 * - Avoid long-lived transactions. Read transactions prevent
77 * reuse of pages freed by newer write transactions, thus the
78 * database can grow quickly. Write transactions prevent
79 * other write transactions, since writes are serialized.
81 * - Avoid suspending a process with active transactions. These
82 * would then be "long-lived" as above. Also read transactions
83 * suspended when writers commit could sometimes see wrong data.
85 * ...when several processes can use a database concurrently:
87 * - Avoid aborting a process with an active transaction.
88 * The transaction becomes "long-lived" as above until the lockfile
89 * is reset, since the process may not remove it from the lockfile.
91 * - If you do that anyway, close the environment once in a while,
92 * so the lockfile can get reset.
94 * - Do not use MDB databases on remote filesystems, even between
95 * processes on the same host. This breaks flock() on some OSes,
96 * possibly memory map sync, and certainly sync between programs
99 * - Opening a database can fail if another process is opening or
100 * closing it at exactly the same time.
102 * @author Howard Chu, Symas Corporation.
104 * @copyright Copyright 2011-2013 Howard Chu, Symas Corp. All rights reserved.
106 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
107 * modification, are permitted only as authorized by the OpenLDAP
110 * A copy of this license is available in the file LICENSE in the
111 * top-level directory of the distribution or, alternatively, at
112 * <http://www.OpenLDAP.org/license.html>.
115 * This code is derived from btree.c written by Martin Hedenfalk.
117 * Copyright (c) 2009, 2010 Martin Hedenfalk <martin@bzero.se>
119 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
120 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
121 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
123 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
124 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
125 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
126 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
127 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
128 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
129 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
134 #include <sys/types.h>
141 typedef int mdb_mode_t;
143 typedef mode_t mdb_mode_t;
146 /** @defgroup mdb MDB API
148 * @brief OpenLDAP Lightning Memory-Mapped Database Manager
150 /** @defgroup Version Version Macros
153 /** Library major version */
154 #define MDB_VERSION_MAJOR 0
155 /** Library minor version */
156 #define MDB_VERSION_MINOR 9
157 /** Library patch version */
158 #define MDB_VERSION_PATCH 6
160 /** Combine args a,b,c into a single integer for easy version comparisons */
161 #define MDB_VERINT(a,b,c) (((a) << 24) | ((b) << 16) | (c))
163 /** The full library version as a single integer */
164 #define MDB_VERSION_FULL \
165 MDB_VERINT(MDB_VERSION_MAJOR,MDB_VERSION_MINOR,MDB_VERSION_PATCH)
167 /** The release date of this library version */
168 #define MDB_VERSION_DATE "January 10, 2013"
170 /** A stringifier for the version info */
171 #define MDB_VERSTR(a,b,c,d) "MDB " #a "." #b "." #c ": (" d ")"
173 /** A helper for the stringifier macro */
174 #define MDB_VERFOO(a,b,c,d) MDB_VERSTR(a,b,c,d)
176 /** The full library version as a C string */
177 #define MDB_VERSION_STRING \
178 MDB_VERFOO(MDB_VERSION_MAJOR,MDB_VERSION_MINOR,MDB_VERSION_PATCH,MDB_VERSION_DATE)
181 /** @brief Opaque structure for a database environment.
183 * A DB environment supports multiple databases, all residing in the same
186 typedef struct MDB_env MDB_env;
188 /** @brief Opaque structure for a transaction handle.
190 * All database operations require a transaction handle. Transactions may be
191 * read-only or read-write.
193 typedef struct MDB_txn MDB_txn;
195 /** @brief A handle for an individual database in the DB environment. */
196 typedef unsigned int MDB_dbi;
198 /** @brief Opaque structure for navigating through a database */
199 typedef struct MDB_cursor MDB_cursor;
201 /** @brief Generic structure used for passing keys and data in and out
204 * Key sizes must be between 1 and the liblmdb build-time constant
205 * #MDB_MAXKEYSIZE inclusive. This currently defaults to 511. The
206 * same applies to data sizes in databases with the #MDB_DUPSORT flag.
207 * Other data items can in theory be from 0 to 0xffffffff bytes long.
209 typedef struct MDB_val {
210 size_t mv_size; /**< size of the data item */
211 void *mv_data; /**< address of the data item */
214 /** @brief A callback function used to compare two keys in a database */
215 typedef int (MDB_cmp_func)(const MDB_val *a, const MDB_val *b);
217 /** @brief A callback function used to relocate a position-dependent data item
218 * in a fixed-address database.
220 * The \b newptr gives the item's desired address in
221 * the memory map, and \b oldptr gives its previous address. The item's actual
222 * data resides at the address in \b item. This callback is expected to walk
223 * through the fields of the record in \b item and modify any
224 * values based at the \b oldptr address to be relative to the \b newptr address.
225 * @param[in,out] item The item that is to be relocated.
226 * @param[in] oldptr The previous address.
227 * @param[in] newptr The new address to relocate to.
228 * @param[in] relctx An application-provided context, set by #mdb_set_relctx().
229 * @todo This feature is currently unimplemented.
231 typedef void (MDB_rel_func)(MDB_val *item, void *oldptr, void *newptr, void *relctx);
233 /** @defgroup mdb_env Environment Flags
235 * Values do not overlap Database Flags.
238 /** mmap at a fixed address (experimental) */
239 #define MDB_FIXEDMAP 0x01
240 /** no environment directory */
241 #define MDB_NOSUBDIR 0x4000
242 /** don't fsync after commit */
243 #define MDB_NOSYNC 0x10000
245 #define MDB_RDONLY 0x20000
246 /** don't fsync metapage after commit */
247 #define MDB_NOMETASYNC 0x40000
248 /** use writable mmap */
249 #define MDB_WRITEMAP 0x80000
250 /** use asynchronous msync when MDB_WRITEMAP is used */
251 #define MDB_MAPASYNC 0x100000
254 /** @defgroup mdb_dbi_open Database Flags
256 * Values do not overlap Environment Flags.
259 /** use reverse string keys */
260 #define MDB_REVERSEKEY 0x02
261 /** use sorted duplicates */
262 #define MDB_DUPSORT 0x04
263 /** numeric keys in native byte order.
264 * The keys must all be of the same size. */
265 #define MDB_INTEGERKEY 0x08
266 /** with #MDB_DUPSORT, sorted dup items have fixed size */
267 #define MDB_DUPFIXED 0x10
268 /** with #MDB_DUPSORT, dups are numeric in native byte order */
269 #define MDB_INTEGERDUP 0x20
270 /** with #MDB_DUPSORT, use reverse string dups */
271 #define MDB_REVERSEDUP 0x40
272 /** create DB if not already existing */
273 #define MDB_CREATE 0x40000
276 /** @defgroup mdb_put Write Flags
279 /** For put: Don't write if the key already exists. */
280 #define MDB_NOOVERWRITE 0x10
281 /** Only for #MDB_DUPSORT<br>
282 * For put: don't write if the key and data pair already exist.<br>
283 * For mdb_cursor_del: remove all duplicate data items.
285 #define MDB_NODUPDATA 0x20
286 /** For mdb_cursor_put: overwrite the current key/data pair */
287 #define MDB_CURRENT 0x40
288 /** For put: Just reserve space for data, don't copy it. Return a
289 * pointer to the reserved space.
291 #define MDB_RESERVE 0x10000
292 /** Data is being appended, don't split full pages. */
293 #define MDB_APPEND 0x20000
294 /** Duplicate data is being appended, don't split full pages. */
295 #define MDB_APPENDDUP 0x40000
296 /** Store multiple data items in one call. */
297 #define MDB_MULTIPLE 0x80000
300 /** @brief Cursor Get operations.
302 * This is the set of all operations for retrieving data
305 typedef enum MDB_cursor_op {
306 MDB_FIRST, /**< Position at first key/data item */
307 MDB_FIRST_DUP, /**< Position at first data item of current key.
308 Only for #MDB_DUPSORT */
309 MDB_GET_BOTH, /**< Position at key/data pair. Only for #MDB_DUPSORT */
310 MDB_GET_BOTH_RANGE, /**< position at key, nearest data. Only for #MDB_DUPSORT */
311 MDB_GET_CURRENT, /**< Return key/data at current cursor position */
312 MDB_GET_MULTIPLE, /**< Return all the duplicate data items at the current
313 cursor position. Only for #MDB_DUPFIXED */
314 MDB_LAST, /**< Position at last key/data item */
315 MDB_LAST_DUP, /**< Position at last data item of current key.
316 Only for #MDB_DUPSORT */
317 MDB_NEXT, /**< Position at next data item */
318 MDB_NEXT_DUP, /**< Position at next data item of current key.
319 Only for #MDB_DUPSORT */
320 MDB_NEXT_MULTIPLE, /**< Return all duplicate data items at the next
321 cursor position. Only for #MDB_DUPFIXED */
322 MDB_NEXT_NODUP, /**< Position at first data item of next key.
323 Only for #MDB_DUPSORT */
324 MDB_PREV, /**< Position at previous data item */
325 MDB_PREV_DUP, /**< Position at previous data item of current key.
326 Only for #MDB_DUPSORT */
327 MDB_PREV_NODUP, /**< Position at last data item of previous key.
328 Only for #MDB_DUPSORT */
329 MDB_SET, /**< Position at specified key */
330 MDB_SET_KEY, /**< Position at specified key, return key + data */
331 MDB_SET_RANGE /**< Position at first key greater than or equal to specified key. */
334 /** @defgroup errors Return Codes
336 * BerkeleyDB uses -30800 to -30999, we'll go under them
339 /** Successful result */
340 #define MDB_SUCCESS 0
341 /** key/data pair already exists */
342 #define MDB_KEYEXIST (-30799)
343 /** key/data pair not found (EOF) */
344 #define MDB_NOTFOUND (-30798)
345 /** Requested page not found - this usually indicates corruption */
346 #define MDB_PAGE_NOTFOUND (-30797)
347 /** Located page was wrong type */
348 #define MDB_CORRUPTED (-30796)
349 /** Update of meta page failed, probably I/O error */
350 #define MDB_PANIC (-30795)
351 /** Environment version mismatch */
352 #define MDB_VERSION_MISMATCH (-30794)
353 /** File is not a valid MDB file */
354 #define MDB_INVALID (-30793)
355 /** Environment mapsize reached */
356 #define MDB_MAP_FULL (-30792)
357 /** Environment maxdbs reached */
358 #define MDB_DBS_FULL (-30791)
359 /** Environment maxreaders reached */
360 #define MDB_READERS_FULL (-30790)
361 /** Too many TLS keys in use - Windows only */
362 #define MDB_TLS_FULL (-30789)
363 /** Txn has too many dirty pages */
364 #define MDB_TXN_FULL (-30788)
365 /** Cursor stack too deep - internal error */
366 #define MDB_CURSOR_FULL (-30787)
367 /** Page has not enough space - internal error */
368 #define MDB_PAGE_FULL (-30786)
369 /** Database contents grew beyond environment mapsize */
370 #define MDB_MAP_RESIZED (-30785)
371 /** Database flags changed or would change */
372 #define MDB_INCOMPATIBLE (-30784)
373 #define MDB_LAST_ERRCODE MDB_INCOMPATIBLE
376 /** @brief Statistics for a database in the environment */
377 typedef struct MDB_stat {
378 unsigned int ms_psize; /**< Size of a database page.
379 This is currently the same for all databases. */
380 unsigned int ms_depth; /**< Depth (height) of the B-tree */
381 size_t ms_branch_pages; /**< Number of internal (non-leaf) pages */
382 size_t ms_leaf_pages; /**< Number of leaf pages */
383 size_t ms_overflow_pages; /**< Number of overflow pages */
384 size_t ms_entries; /**< Number of data items */
387 /** @brief Information about the environment */
388 typedef struct MDB_envinfo {
389 void *me_mapaddr; /**< Address of map, if fixed */
390 size_t me_mapsize; /**< Size of the data memory map */
391 size_t me_last_pgno; /**< ID of the last used page */
392 size_t me_last_txnid; /**< ID of the last committed transaction */
393 unsigned int me_maxreaders; /**< maximum number of threads for the environment */
394 unsigned int me_numreaders; /**< maximum number of threads used in the environment */
397 /** @brief Return the mdb library version information.
399 * @param[out] major if non-NULL, the library major version number is copied here
400 * @param[out] minor if non-NULL, the library minor version number is copied here
401 * @param[out] patch if non-NULL, the library patch version number is copied here
402 * @retval "version string" The library version as a string
404 char *mdb_version(int *major, int *minor, int *patch);
406 /** @brief Return a string describing a given error code.
408 * This function is a superset of the ANSI C X3.159-1989 (ANSI C) strerror(3)
409 * function. If the error code is greater than or equal to 0, then the string
410 * returned by the system function strerror(3) is returned. If the error code
411 * is less than 0, an error string corresponding to the MDB library error is
412 * returned. See @ref errors for a list of MDB-specific error codes.
413 * @param[in] err The error code
414 * @retval "error message" The description of the error
416 char *mdb_strerror(int err);
418 /** @brief Create an MDB environment handle.
420 * This function allocates memory for a #MDB_env structure. To release
421 * the allocated memory and discard the handle, call #mdb_env_close().
422 * Before the handle may be used, it must be opened using #mdb_env_open().
423 * Various other options may also need to be set before opening the handle,
424 * e.g. #mdb_env_set_mapsize(), #mdb_env_set_maxreaders(), #mdb_env_set_maxdbs(),
425 * depending on usage requirements.
426 * @param[out] env The address where the new handle will be stored
427 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success.
429 int mdb_env_create(MDB_env **env);
431 /** @brief Open an environment handle.
433 * If this function fails, #mdb_env_close() must be called to discard the #MDB_env handle.
434 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
435 * @param[in] path The directory in which the database files reside. This
436 * directory must already exist and be writable.
437 * @param[in] flags Special options for this environment. This parameter
438 * must be set to 0 or by bitwise OR'ing together one or more of the
439 * values described here.
440 * Flags set by mdb_env_set_flags() are also used.
443 * use a fixed address for the mmap region. This flag must be specified
444 * when creating the environment, and is stored persistently in the environment.
445 * If successful, the memory map will always reside at the same virtual address
446 * and pointers used to reference data items in the database will be constant
447 * across multiple invocations. This option may not always work, depending on
448 * how the operating system has allocated memory to shared libraries and other uses.
449 * The feature is highly experimental.
451 * By default, MDB creates its environment in a directory whose
452 * pathname is given in \b path, and creates its data and lock files
453 * under that directory. With this option, \b path is used as-is for
454 * the database main data file. The database lock file is the \b path
455 * with "-lock" appended.
457 * Open the environment in read-only mode. No write operations will be
458 * allowed. MDB will still modify the lock file - except on read-only
459 * filesystems, where MDB does not use locks.
461 * Use a writeable memory map unless MDB_RDONLY is set. This is faster
462 * and uses fewer mallocs, but loses protection from application bugs
463 * like wild pointer writes and other bad updates into the database.
464 * Incompatible with nested transactions.
465 * <li>#MDB_NOMETASYNC
466 * Flush system buffers to disk only once per transaction, omit the
467 * metadata flush. Defer that until the system flushes files to disk,
468 * or next non-MDB_RDONLY commit or #mdb_env_sync(). This optimization
469 * maintains database integrity, but a system crash may undo the last
470 * committed transaction. I.e. it preserves the ACI (atomicity,
471 * consistency, isolation) but not D (durability) database property.
472 * This flag may be changed at any time using #mdb_env_set_flags().
474 * Don't flush system buffers to disk when committing a transaction.
475 * This optimization means a system crash can corrupt the database or
476 * lose the last transactions if buffers are not yet flushed to disk.
477 * The risk is governed by how often the system flushes dirty buffers
478 * to disk and how often #mdb_env_sync() is called. However, if the
479 * filesystem preserves write order and the #MDB_WRITEMAP flag is not
480 * used, transactions exhibit ACI (atomicity, consistency, isolation)
481 * properties and only lose D (durability). I.e. database integrity
482 * is maintained, but a system crash may undo the final transactions.
483 * Note that (#MDB_NOSYNC | #MDB_WRITEMAP) leaves the system with no
484 * hint for when to write transactions to disk, unless #mdb_env_sync()
485 * is called. (#MDB_MAPASYNC | #MDB_WRITEMAP) may be preferable.
486 * This flag may be changed at any time using #mdb_env_set_flags().
488 * When using #MDB_WRITEMAP, use asynchronous flushes to disk.
489 * As with #MDB_NOSYNC, a system crash can then corrupt the
490 * database or lose the last transactions. Calling #mdb_env_sync()
491 * ensures on-disk database integrity until next commit.
492 * This flag may be changed at any time using #mdb_env_set_flags().
494 * @param[in] mode The UNIX permissions to set on created files. This parameter
495 * is ignored on Windows.
496 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
499 * <li>#MDB_VERSION_MISMATCH - the version of the MDB library doesn't match the
500 * version that created the database environment.
501 * <li>#MDB_INVALID - the environment file headers are corrupted.
502 * <li>ENOENT - the directory specified by the path parameter doesn't exist.
503 * <li>EACCES - the user didn't have permission to access the environment files.
504 * <li>EAGAIN - the environment was locked by another process.
507 int mdb_env_open(MDB_env *env, const char *path, unsigned int flags, mdb_mode_t mode);
509 /** @brief Copy an MDB environment to the specified path.
511 * This function may be used to make a backup of an existing environment.
512 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create(). It
513 * must have already been opened successfully.
514 * @param[in] path The directory in which the copy will reside. This
515 * directory must already exist and be writable but must otherwise be
517 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success.
519 int mdb_env_copy(MDB_env *env, const char *path);
521 /** @brief Return statistics about the MDB environment.
523 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
524 * @param[out] stat The address of an #MDB_stat structure
525 * where the statistics will be copied
527 int mdb_env_stat(MDB_env *env, MDB_stat *stat);
529 /** @brief Return information about the MDB environment.
531 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
532 * @param[out] stat The address of an #MDB_envinfo structure
533 * where the information will be copied
535 int mdb_env_info(MDB_env *env, MDB_envinfo *stat);
537 /** @brief Flush the data buffers to disk.
539 * Data is always written to disk when #mdb_txn_commit() is called,
540 * but the operating system may keep it buffered. MDB always flushes
541 * the OS buffers upon commit as well, unless the environment was
542 * opened with #MDB_NOSYNC or in part #MDB_NOMETASYNC.
543 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
544 * @param[in] force If non-zero, force a synchronous flush. Otherwise
545 * if the environment has the #MDB_NOSYNC flag set the flushes
546 * will be omitted, and with #MDB_MAPASYNC they will be asynchronous.
547 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
550 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
551 * <li>EIO - an error occurred during synchronization.
554 int mdb_env_sync(MDB_env *env, int force);
556 /** @brief Close the environment and release the memory map.
558 * Only a single thread may call this function. All transactions, databases,
559 * and cursors must already be closed before calling this function. Attempts to
560 * use any such handles after calling this function will cause a SIGSEGV.
561 * The environment handle will be freed and must not be used again after this call.
562 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
564 void mdb_env_close(MDB_env *env);
566 /** @brief Set environment flags.
568 * This may be used to set some flags in addition to those from
569 * #mdb_env_open(), or to unset these flags.
570 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
571 * @param[in] flags The flags to change, bitwise OR'ed together
572 * @param[in] onoff A non-zero value sets the flags, zero clears them.
573 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
576 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
579 int mdb_env_set_flags(MDB_env *env, unsigned int flags, int onoff);
581 /** @brief Get environment flags.
583 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
584 * @param[out] flags The address of an integer to store the flags
585 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
588 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
591 int mdb_env_get_flags(MDB_env *env, unsigned int *flags);
593 /** @brief Return the path that was used in #mdb_env_open().
595 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
596 * @param[out] path Address of a string pointer to contain the path. This
597 * is the actual string in the environment, not a copy. It should not be
598 * altered in any way.
599 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
602 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
605 int mdb_env_get_path(MDB_env *env, const char **path);
607 /** @brief Set the size of the memory map to use for this environment.
609 * The size should be a multiple of the OS page size. The default is
610 * 10485760 bytes. The size of the memory map is also the maximum size
611 * of the database. The value should be chosen as large as possible,
612 * to accommodate future growth of the database.
613 * This function may only be called after #mdb_env_create() and before #mdb_env_open().
614 * The size may be changed by closing and reopening the environment.
615 * Any attempt to set a size smaller than the space already consumed
616 * by the environment will be silently changed to the current size of the used space.
617 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
618 * @param[in] size The size in bytes
619 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
622 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified, or the environment is already open.
625 int mdb_env_set_mapsize(MDB_env *env, size_t size);
627 /** @brief Set the maximum number of threads for the environment.
629 * This defines the number of slots in the lock table that is used to track readers in the
630 * the environment. The default is 126.
631 * This function may only be called after #mdb_env_create() and before #mdb_env_open().
632 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
633 * @param[in] readers The maximum number of threads
634 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
637 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified, or the environment is already open.
640 int mdb_env_set_maxreaders(MDB_env *env, unsigned int readers);
642 /** @brief Get the maximum number of threads for the environment.
644 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
645 * @param[out] readers Address of an integer to store the number of readers
646 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
649 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
652 int mdb_env_get_maxreaders(MDB_env *env, unsigned int *readers);
654 /** @brief Set the maximum number of named databases for the environment.
656 * This function is only needed if multiple databases will be used in the
657 * environment. Simpler applications that use the environment as a single
658 * unnamed database can ignore this option.
659 * This function may only be called after #mdb_env_create() and before #mdb_env_open().
660 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
661 * @param[in] dbs The maximum number of databases
662 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
665 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified, or the environment is already open.
668 int mdb_env_set_maxdbs(MDB_env *env, MDB_dbi dbs);
670 /** @brief Create a transaction for use with the environment.
672 * The transaction handle may be discarded using #mdb_txn_abort() or #mdb_txn_commit().
673 * @note Transactions may not span threads; a transaction must only be used by a
674 * single thread. Also, a thread may only have a single transaction.
675 * @note Cursors may not span transactions; each cursor must be opened and closed
676 * within a single transaction.
677 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
678 * @param[in] parent If this parameter is non-NULL, the new transaction
679 * will be a nested transaction, with the transaction indicated by \b parent
680 * as its parent. Transactions may be nested to any level. A parent
681 * transaction may not issue any other operations besides mdb_txn_begin,
682 * mdb_txn_abort, or mdb_txn_commit while it has active child transactions.
683 * @param[in] flags Special options for this transaction. This parameter
684 * must be set to 0 or by bitwise OR'ing together one or more of the
685 * values described here.
688 * This transaction will not perform any write operations.
690 * @param[out] txn Address where the new #MDB_txn handle will be stored
691 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
694 * <li>#MDB_PANIC - a fatal error occurred earlier and the environment
695 - * must be shut down.
696 * <li>#MDB_MAP_RESIZED - another process wrote data beyond this MDB_env's
697 * mapsize and the environment must be shut down.
698 * <li>#MDB_READERS_FULL - a read-only transaction was requested and
699 * the reader lock table is full. See #mdb_env_set_maxreaders().
700 * <li>ENOMEM - out of memory.
703 int mdb_txn_begin(MDB_env *env, MDB_txn *parent, unsigned int flags, MDB_txn **txn);
705 /** @brief Commit all the operations of a transaction into the database.
707 * All cursors opened within the transaction will be closed by this call. The cursors
708 * and transaction handle will be freed and must not be used again after this call.
709 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
710 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
713 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
714 * <li>ENOSPC - no more disk space.
715 * <li>EIO - a low-level I/O error occurred while writing.
716 * <li>ENOMEM - out of memory.
719 int mdb_txn_commit(MDB_txn *txn);
721 /** @brief Abandon all the operations of the transaction instead of saving them.
723 * All cursors opened within the transaction will be closed by this call. The cursors
724 * and transaction handle will be freed and must not be used again after this call.
725 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
727 void mdb_txn_abort(MDB_txn *txn);
729 /** @brief Reset a read-only transaction.
731 * This releases the current reader lock but doesn't free the
732 * transaction handle, allowing it to be used again later by #mdb_txn_renew().
733 * It otherwise has the same effect as #mdb_txn_abort() but saves some memory
734 * allocation/deallocation overhead if a thread is going to start a new
735 * read-only transaction again soon.
736 * All cursors opened within the transaction must be closed before the transaction
738 * Reader locks generally don't interfere with writers, but they keep old
739 * versions of database pages allocated. Thus they prevent the old pages
740 * from being reused when writers commit new data, and so under heavy load
741 * the database size may grow much more rapidly than otherwise.
742 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
744 void mdb_txn_reset(MDB_txn *txn);
746 /** @brief Renew a read-only transaction.
748 * This acquires a new reader lock for a transaction handle that had been
749 * released by #mdb_txn_reset(). It must be called before a reset transaction
751 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
752 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
755 * <li>#MDB_PANIC - a fatal error occurred earlier and the environment
757 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
760 int mdb_txn_renew(MDB_txn *txn);
762 /** Compat with version <= 0.9.4, avoid clash with libmdb from MDB Tools project */
763 #define mdb_open(txn,name,flags,dbi) mdb_dbi_open(txn,name,flags,dbi)
764 /** Compat with version <= 0.9.4, avoid clash with libmdb from MDB Tools project */
765 #define mdb_close(env,dbi) mdb_dbi_close(env,dbi)
767 /** @brief Open a database in the environment.
769 * The database handle may be discarded by calling #mdb_dbi_close().
770 * The old database handle is returned if the database was already open.
771 * The handle must only be closed once.
772 * The database handle will be private to the current transaction until
773 * the transaction is successfully committed. If the transaction is
774 * aborted the handle will be closed automatically.
775 * After a successful commit the
776 * handle will reside in the shared environment, and may be used
777 * by other transactions. This function must not be called from
778 * multiple concurrent transactions. A transaction that uses this function
779 * must finish (either commit or abort) before any other transaction may
782 * To use named databases (with name != NULL), #mdb_env_set_maxdbs()
783 * must be called before opening the environment.
784 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
785 * @param[in] name The name of the database to open. If only a single
786 * database is needed in the environment, this value may be NULL.
787 * @param[in] flags Special options for this database. This parameter
788 * must be set to 0 or by bitwise OR'ing together one or more of the
789 * values described here.
791 * <li>#MDB_REVERSEKEY
792 * Keys are strings to be compared in reverse order, from the end
793 * of the strings to the beginning. By default, Keys are treated as strings and
794 * compared from beginning to end.
796 * Duplicate keys may be used in the database. (Or, from another perspective,
797 * keys may have multiple data items, stored in sorted order.) By default
798 * keys must be unique and may have only a single data item.
799 * <li>#MDB_INTEGERKEY
800 * Keys are binary integers in native byte order. Setting this option
801 * requires all keys to be the same size, typically sizeof(int)
804 * This flag may only be used in combination with #MDB_DUPSORT. This option
805 * tells the library that the data items for this database are all the same
806 * size, which allows further optimizations in storage and retrieval. When
807 * all data items are the same size, the #MDB_GET_MULTIPLE and #MDB_NEXT_MULTIPLE
808 * cursor operations may be used to retrieve multiple items at once.
809 * <li>#MDB_INTEGERDUP
810 * This option specifies that duplicate data items are also integers, and
811 * should be sorted as such.
812 * <li>#MDB_REVERSEDUP
813 * This option specifies that duplicate data items should be compared as
814 * strings in reverse order.
816 * Create the named database if it doesn't exist. This option is not
817 * allowed in a read-only transaction or a read-only environment.
819 * @param[out] dbi Address where the new #MDB_dbi handle will be stored
820 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
823 * <li>#MDB_NOTFOUND - the specified database doesn't exist in the environment
824 * and #MDB_CREATE was not specified.
825 * <li>#MDB_DBS_FULL - too many databases have been opened. See #mdb_env_set_maxdbs().
828 int mdb_dbi_open(MDB_txn *txn, const char *name, unsigned int flags, MDB_dbi *dbi);
830 /** @brief Retrieve statistics for a database.
832 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
833 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
834 * @param[out] stat The address of an #MDB_stat structure
835 * where the statistics will be copied
836 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
839 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
842 int mdb_stat(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, MDB_stat *stat);
844 /** @brief Close a database handle.
846 * This call is not mutex protected. Handles should only be closed by
847 * a single thread, and only if no other threads are going to reference
848 * the database handle or one of its cursors any further. Do not close
849 * a handle if an existing transaction has modified its database.
850 * @param[in] env An environment handle returned by #mdb_env_create()
851 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
853 void mdb_dbi_close(MDB_env *env, MDB_dbi dbi);
855 /** @brief Delete a database and/or free all its pages.
857 * If the \b del parameter is 1, the DB handle will be closed
858 * and the DB will be deleted.
859 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
860 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
861 * @param[in] del 1 to delete the DB from the environment,
862 * 0 to just free its pages.
863 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success.
865 int mdb_drop(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, int del);
867 /** @brief Set a custom key comparison function for a database.
869 * The comparison function is called whenever it is necessary to compare a
870 * key specified by the application with a key currently stored in the database.
871 * If no comparison function is specified, and no special key flags were specified
872 * with #mdb_dbi_open(), the keys are compared lexically, with shorter keys collating
873 * before longer keys.
874 * @warning This function must be called before any data access functions are used,
875 * otherwise data corruption may occur. The same comparison function must be used by every
876 * program accessing the database, every time the database is used.
877 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
878 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
879 * @param[in] cmp A #MDB_cmp_func function
880 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
883 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
886 int mdb_set_compare(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, MDB_cmp_func *cmp);
888 /** @brief Set a custom data comparison function for a #MDB_DUPSORT database.
890 * This comparison function is called whenever it is necessary to compare a data
891 * item specified by the application with a data item currently stored in the database.
892 * This function only takes effect if the database was opened with the #MDB_DUPSORT
894 * If no comparison function is specified, and no special key flags were specified
895 * with #mdb_dbi_open(), the data items are compared lexically, with shorter items collating
896 * before longer items.
897 * @warning This function must be called before any data access functions are used,
898 * otherwise data corruption may occur. The same comparison function must be used by every
899 * program accessing the database, every time the database is used.
900 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
901 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
902 * @param[in] cmp A #MDB_cmp_func function
903 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
906 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
909 int mdb_set_dupsort(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, MDB_cmp_func *cmp);
911 /** @brief Set a relocation function for a #MDB_FIXEDMAP database.
913 * @todo The relocation function is called whenever it is necessary to move the data
914 * of an item to a different position in the database (e.g. through tree
915 * balancing operations, shifts as a result of adds or deletes, etc.). It is
916 * intended to allow address/position-dependent data items to be stored in
917 * a database in an environment opened with the #MDB_FIXEDMAP option.
918 * Currently the relocation feature is unimplemented and setting
919 * this function has no effect.
920 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
921 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
922 * @param[in] rel A #MDB_rel_func function
923 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
926 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
929 int mdb_set_relfunc(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, MDB_rel_func *rel);
931 /** @brief Set a context pointer for a #MDB_FIXEDMAP database's relocation function.
933 * See #mdb_set_relfunc and #MDB_rel_func for more details.
934 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
935 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
936 * @param[in] ctx An arbitrary pointer for whatever the application needs.
937 * It will be passed to the callback function set by #mdb_set_relfunc
938 * as its \b relctx parameter whenever the callback is invoked.
939 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
942 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
945 int mdb_set_relctx(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, void *ctx);
947 /** @brief Get items from a database.
949 * This function retrieves key/data pairs from the database. The address
950 * and length of the data associated with the specified \b key are returned
951 * in the structure to which \b data refers.
952 * If the database supports duplicate keys (#MDB_DUPSORT) then the
953 * first data item for the key will be returned. Retrieval of other
954 * items requires the use of #mdb_cursor_get().
956 * @note The memory pointed to by the returned values is owned by the
957 * database. The caller need not dispose of the memory, and may not
958 * modify it in any way. For values returned in a read-only transaction
959 * any modification attempts will cause a SIGSEGV.
960 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
961 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
962 * @param[in] key The key to search for in the database
963 * @param[out] data The data corresponding to the key
964 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
967 * <li>#MDB_NOTFOUND - the key was not in the database.
968 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
971 int mdb_get(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, MDB_val *key, MDB_val *data);
973 /** @brief Store items into a database.
975 * This function stores key/data pairs in the database. The default behavior
976 * is to enter the new key/data pair, replacing any previously existing key
977 * if duplicates are disallowed, or adding a duplicate data item if
978 * duplicates are allowed (#MDB_DUPSORT).
979 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
980 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
981 * @param[in] key The key to store in the database
982 * @param[in,out] data The data to store
983 * @param[in] flags Special options for this operation. This parameter
984 * must be set to 0 or by bitwise OR'ing together one or more of the
985 * values described here.
987 * <li>#MDB_NODUPDATA - enter the new key/data pair only if it does not
988 * already appear in the database. This flag may only be specified
989 * if the database was opened with #MDB_DUPSORT. The function will
990 * return #MDB_KEYEXIST if the key/data pair already appears in the
992 * <li>#MDB_NOOVERWRITE - enter the new key/data pair only if the key
993 * does not already appear in the database. The function will return
994 * #MDB_KEYEXIST if the key already appears in the database, even if
995 * the database supports duplicates (#MDB_DUPSORT). The \b data
996 * parameter will be set to point to the existing item.
997 * <li>#MDB_RESERVE - reserve space for data of the given size, but
998 * don't copy the given data. Instead, return a pointer to the
999 * reserved space, which the caller can fill in later. This saves
1000 * an extra memcpy if the data is being generated later.
1001 * <li>#MDB_APPEND - append the given key/data pair to the end of the
1002 * database. No key comparisons are performed. This option allows
1003 * fast bulk loading when keys are already known to be in the
1004 * correct order. Loading unsorted keys with this flag will cause
1006 * <li>#MDB_APPENDDUP - as above, but for sorted dup data.
1008 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
1011 * <li>#MDB_MAP_FULL - the database is full, see #mdb_env_set_mapsize().
1012 * <li>#MDB_TXN_FULL - the transaction has too many dirty pages.
1013 * <li>EACCES - an attempt was made to write in a read-only transaction.
1014 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
1017 int mdb_put(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, MDB_val *key, MDB_val *data,
1018 unsigned int flags);
1020 /** @brief Delete items from a database.
1022 * This function removes key/data pairs from the database.
1023 * If the database does not support sorted duplicate data items
1024 * (#MDB_DUPSORT) the data parameter is ignored.
1025 * If the database supports sorted duplicates and the data parameter
1026 * is NULL, all of the duplicate data items for the key will be
1027 * deleted. Otherwise, if the data parameter is non-NULL
1028 * only the matching data item will be deleted.
1029 * This function will return #MDB_NOTFOUND if the specified key/data
1030 * pair is not in the database.
1031 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
1032 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
1033 * @param[in] key The key to delete from the database
1034 * @param[in] data The data to delete
1035 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
1038 * <li>EACCES - an attempt was made to write in a read-only transaction.
1039 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
1042 int mdb_del(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, MDB_val *key, MDB_val *data);
1044 /** @brief Create a cursor handle.
1046 * Cursors are associated with a specific transaction and database and
1047 * may not span threads.
1048 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
1049 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
1050 * @param[out] cursor Address where the new #MDB_cursor handle will be stored
1051 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
1054 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
1057 int mdb_cursor_open(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, MDB_cursor **cursor);
1059 /** @brief Close a cursor handle.
1061 * The cursor handle will be freed and must not be used again after this call.
1062 * @param[in] cursor A cursor handle returned by #mdb_cursor_open()
1064 void mdb_cursor_close(MDB_cursor *cursor);
1066 /** @brief Renew a cursor handle.
1068 * Cursors are associated with a specific transaction and database and
1069 * may not span threads. Cursors that are only used in read-only
1070 * transactions may be re-used, to avoid unnecessary malloc/free overhead.
1071 * The cursor may be associated with a new read-only transaction, and
1072 * referencing the same database handle as it was created with.
1073 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
1074 * @param[in] cursor A cursor handle returned by #mdb_cursor_open()
1075 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
1078 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
1081 int mdb_cursor_renew(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_cursor *cursor);
1083 /** @brief Return the cursor's transaction handle.
1085 * @param[in] cursor A cursor handle returned by #mdb_cursor_open()
1087 MDB_txn *mdb_cursor_txn(MDB_cursor *cursor);
1089 /** @brief Return the cursor's database handle.
1091 * @param[in] cursor A cursor handle returned by #mdb_cursor_open()
1093 MDB_dbi mdb_cursor_dbi(MDB_cursor *cursor);
1095 /** @brief Retrieve by cursor.
1097 * This function retrieves key/data pairs from the database. The address and length
1098 * of the key are returned in the object to which \b key refers (except for the
1099 * case of the #MDB_SET option, in which the \b key object is unchanged), and
1100 * the address and length of the data are returned in the object to which \b data
1102 * @param[in] cursor A cursor handle returned by #mdb_cursor_open()
1103 * @param[in,out] key The key for a retrieved item
1104 * @param[in,out] data The data of a retrieved item
1105 * @param[in] op A cursor operation #MDB_cursor_op
1106 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
1109 * <li>#MDB_NOTFOUND - no matching key found.
1110 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
1113 int mdb_cursor_get(MDB_cursor *cursor, MDB_val *key, MDB_val *data,
1116 /** @brief Store by cursor.
1118 * This function stores key/data pairs into the database.
1119 * If the function fails for any reason, the state of the cursor will be
1120 * unchanged. If the function succeeds and an item is inserted into the
1121 * database, the cursor is always positioned to refer to the newly inserted item.
1122 * @param[in] cursor A cursor handle returned by #mdb_cursor_open()
1123 * @param[in] key The key operated on.
1124 * @param[in] data The data operated on.
1125 * @param[in] flags Options for this operation. This parameter
1126 * must be set to 0 or one of the values described here.
1128 * <li>#MDB_CURRENT - overwrite the data of the key/data pair to which
1129 * the cursor refers with the specified data item. The \b key
1130 * parameter is ignored.
1131 * <li>#MDB_NODUPDATA - enter the new key/data pair only if it does not
1132 * already appear in the database. This flag may only be specified
1133 * if the database was opened with #MDB_DUPSORT. The function will
1134 * return #MDB_KEYEXIST if the key/data pair already appears in the
1136 * <li>#MDB_NOOVERWRITE - enter the new key/data pair only if the key
1137 * does not already appear in the database. The function will return
1138 * #MDB_KEYEXIST if the key already appears in the database, even if
1139 * the database supports duplicates (#MDB_DUPSORT).
1140 * <li>#MDB_RESERVE - reserve space for data of the given size, but
1141 * don't copy the given data. Instead, return a pointer to the
1142 * reserved space, which the caller can fill in later. This saves
1143 * an extra memcpy if the data is being generated later.
1144 * <li>#MDB_APPEND - append the given key/data pair to the end of the
1145 * database. No key comparisons are performed. This option allows
1146 * fast bulk loading when keys are already known to be in the
1147 * correct order. Loading unsorted keys with this flag will cause
1149 * <li>#MDB_APPENDDUP - as above, but for sorted dup data.
1151 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
1154 * <li>#MDB_MAP_FULL - the database is full, see #mdb_env_set_mapsize().
1155 * <li>#MDB_TXN_FULL - the transaction has too many dirty pages.
1156 * <li>EACCES - an attempt was made to modify a read-only database.
1157 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
1160 int mdb_cursor_put(MDB_cursor *cursor, MDB_val *key, MDB_val *data,
1161 unsigned int flags);
1163 /** @brief Delete current key/data pair
1165 * This function deletes the key/data pair to which the cursor refers.
1166 * @param[in] cursor A cursor handle returned by #mdb_cursor_open()
1167 * @param[in] flags Options for this operation. This parameter
1168 * must be set to 0 or one of the values described here.
1170 * <li>#MDB_NODUPDATA - delete all of the data items for the current key.
1171 * This flag may only be specified if the database was opened with #MDB_DUPSORT.
1173 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
1176 * <li>EACCES - an attempt was made to modify a read-only database.
1177 * <li>EINVAL - an invalid parameter was specified.
1180 int mdb_cursor_del(MDB_cursor *cursor, unsigned int flags);
1182 /** @brief Return count of duplicates for current key.
1184 * This call is only valid on databases that support sorted duplicate
1185 * data items #MDB_DUPSORT.
1186 * @param[in] cursor A cursor handle returned by #mdb_cursor_open()
1187 * @param[out] countp Address where the count will be stored
1188 * @return A non-zero error value on failure and 0 on success. Some possible
1191 * <li>EINVAL - cursor is not initialized, or an invalid parameter was specified.
1194 int mdb_cursor_count(MDB_cursor *cursor, size_t *countp);
1196 /** @brief Compare two data items according to a particular database.
1198 * This returns a comparison as if the two data items were keys in the
1199 * specified database.
1200 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
1201 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
1202 * @param[in] a The first item to compare
1203 * @param[in] b The second item to compare
1204 * @return < 0 if a < b, 0 if a == b, > 0 if a > b
1206 int mdb_cmp(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, const MDB_val *a, const MDB_val *b);
1208 /** @brief Compare two data items according to a particular database.
1210 * This returns a comparison as if the two items were data items of
1211 * a sorted duplicates #MDB_DUPSORT database.
1212 * @param[in] txn A transaction handle returned by #mdb_txn_begin()
1213 * @param[in] dbi A database handle returned by #mdb_dbi_open()
1214 * @param[in] a The first item to compare
1215 * @param[in] b The second item to compare
1216 * @return < 0 if a < b, 0 if a == b, > 0 if a > b
1218 int mdb_dcmp(MDB_txn *txn, MDB_dbi dbi, const MDB_val *a, const MDB_val *b);
1224 #endif /* _LMDB_H_ */