2 #define I3__FILE__ "ipc.c"
4 * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
6 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
7 * © 2009-2012 Michael Stapelberg and contributors (see also: LICENSE)
9 * ipc.c: UNIX domain socket IPC (initialization, client handling, protocol).
13 #include "yajl_utils.h"
15 #include <sys/socket.h>
20 #include <yajl/yajl_gen.h>
21 #include <yajl/yajl_parse.h>
23 char *current_socketpath = NULL;
25 TAILQ_HEAD(ipc_client_head, ipc_client) all_clients = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(all_clients);
28 * Puts the given socket file descriptor into non-blocking mode or dies if
29 * setting O_NONBLOCK failed. Non-blocking sockets are a good idea for our
30 * IPC model because we should by no means block the window manager.
33 static void set_nonblock(int sockfd) {
34 int flags = fcntl(sockfd, F_GETFL, 0);
36 if (fcntl(sockfd, F_SETFL, flags) < 0)
37 err(-1, "Could not set O_NONBLOCK");
41 * Emulates mkdir -p (creates any missing folders)
44 bool mkdirp(const char *path) {
45 if (mkdir(path, S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH) == 0)
47 if (errno != ENOENT) {
48 ELOG("mkdir(%s) failed: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
51 char *copy = sstrdup(path);
52 /* strip trailing slashes, if any */
53 while (copy[strlen(copy) - 1] == '/')
54 copy[strlen(copy) - 1] = '\0';
56 char *sep = strrchr(copy, '/');
64 result = mkdirp(path);
71 * Sends the specified event to all IPC clients which are currently connected
72 * and subscribed to this kind of event.
75 void ipc_send_event(const char *event, uint32_t message_type, const char *payload) {
77 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &all_clients, clients) {
78 /* see if this client is interested in this event */
79 bool interested = false;
80 for (int i = 0; i < current->num_events; i++) {
81 if (strcasecmp(current->events[i], event) != 0)
89 ipc_send_message(current->fd, strlen(payload), message_type, (const uint8_t *)payload);
94 * Calls shutdown() on each socket and closes it. This function to be called
95 * when exiting or restarting only!
98 void ipc_shutdown(void) {
100 while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&all_clients)) {
101 current = TAILQ_FIRST(&all_clients);
102 shutdown(current->fd, SHUT_RDWR);
104 TAILQ_REMOVE(&all_clients, current, clients);
110 * Executes the command and returns whether it could be successfully parsed
111 * or not (at the moment, always returns true).
114 IPC_HANDLER(command) {
115 /* To get a properly terminated buffer, we copy
116 * message_size bytes out of the buffer */
117 char *command = scalloc(message_size + 1);
118 strncpy(command, (const char *)message, message_size);
119 LOG("IPC: received: *%s*\n", command);
120 yajl_gen gen = yajl_gen_alloc(NULL);
122 CommandResult *result = parse_command((const char *)command, gen);
125 if (result->needs_tree_render)
128 command_result_free(result);
130 const unsigned char *reply;
132 yajl_gen_get_buf(gen, &reply, &length);
134 ipc_send_message(fd, length, I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_COMMAND,
135 (const uint8_t *)reply);
140 static void dump_rect(yajl_gen gen, const char *name, Rect r) {
150 y(integer, r.height);
154 void dump_node(yajl_gen gen, struct Con *con, bool inplace_restart) {
157 y(integer, (long int)con);
170 case CT_FLOATING_CON:
171 ystr("floating_con");
180 DLOG("About to dump unknown container type=%d. This is a bug.\n", con->type);
185 /* provided for backwards compatibility only. */
187 if (!con_is_split(con))
190 if (con_orientation(con) == HORIZ)
196 ystr("scratchpad_state");
197 switch (con->scratchpad_state) {
198 case SCRATCHPAD_NONE:
201 case SCRATCHPAD_FRESH:
204 case SCRATCHPAD_CHANGED:
210 if (con->percent == 0.0)
213 y(double, con->percent);
216 y(bool, con->urgent);
218 if (con->mark != NULL) {
224 y(bool, (con == focused));
227 switch (con->layout) {
229 DLOG("About to dump layout=default, this is a bug in the code.\n");
252 ystr("workspace_layout");
253 switch (con->workspace_layout) {
264 DLOG("About to dump workspace_layout=%d (none of default/stacked/tabbed), this is a bug.\n", con->workspace_layout);
269 ystr("last_split_layout");
270 switch (con->layout) {
280 switch (con->border_style) {
292 ystr("current_border_width");
293 y(integer, con->current_border_width);
295 dump_rect(gen, "rect", con->rect);
296 dump_rect(gen, "window_rect", con->window_rect);
297 dump_rect(gen, "geometry", con->geometry);
300 if (con->window && con->window->name)
301 ystr(i3string_as_utf8(con->window->name));
305 if (con->type == CT_WORKSPACE) {
307 y(integer, con->num);
312 y(integer, con->window->id);
316 if (con->window && !inplace_restart) {
317 /* Window properties are useless to preserve when restarting because
318 * they will be queried again anyway. However, for i3-save-tree(1),
319 * they are very useful and save i3-save-tree dealing with X11. */
320 ystr("window_properties");
323 #define DUMP_PROPERTY(key, prop_name) \
325 if (con->window->prop_name != NULL) { \
327 ystr(con->window->prop_name); \
331 DUMP_PROPERTY("class", class_class);
332 DUMP_PROPERTY("instance", class_instance);
333 DUMP_PROPERTY("window_role", role);
335 if (con->window->name != NULL) {
337 ystr(i3string_as_utf8(con->window->name));
346 if (con->type != CT_DOCKAREA || !inplace_restart) {
347 TAILQ_FOREACH(node, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
348 dump_node(gen, node, inplace_restart);
353 ystr("floating_nodes");
355 TAILQ_FOREACH(node, &(con->floating_head), floating_windows) {
356 dump_node(gen, node, inplace_restart);
362 TAILQ_FOREACH(node, &(con->focus_head), focused) {
363 y(integer, (long int)node);
367 ystr("fullscreen_mode");
368 y(integer, con->fullscreen_mode);
371 switch (con->floating) {
372 case FLOATING_AUTO_OFF:
375 case FLOATING_AUTO_ON:
378 case FLOATING_USER_OFF:
381 case FLOATING_USER_ON:
389 TAILQ_FOREACH(match, &(con->swallow_head), matches) {
391 if (match->dock != -1) {
393 y(integer, match->dock);
394 ystr("insert_where");
395 y(integer, match->insert_where);
398 #define DUMP_REGEX(re_name) \
400 if (match->re_name != NULL) { \
402 ystr(match->re_name->pattern); \
407 DUMP_REGEX(instance);
408 DUMP_REGEX(window_role);
415 if (inplace_restart) {
416 if (con->window != NULL) {
419 y(integer, con->window->id);
420 ystr("restart_mode");
427 if (inplace_restart && con->window != NULL) {
429 y(integer, con->depth);
435 static void dump_bar_config(yajl_gen gen, Barconfig *config) {
441 if (config->num_outputs > 0) {
444 for (int c = 0; c < config->num_outputs; c++)
445 ystr(config->outputs[c]);
449 #define YSTR_IF_SET(name) \
451 if (config->name) { \
453 ystr(config->name); \
457 YSTR_IF_SET(tray_output);
458 YSTR_IF_SET(socket_path);
461 switch (config->mode) {
474 ystr("hidden_state");
475 switch (config->hidden_state) {
486 switch (config->modifier) {
515 if (config->wheel_up_cmd) {
516 ystr("wheel_up_cmd");
517 ystr(config->wheel_up_cmd);
520 if (config->wheel_down_cmd) {
521 ystr("wheel_down_cmd");
522 ystr(config->wheel_down_cmd);
526 if (config->position == P_BOTTOM)
531 YSTR_IF_SET(status_command);
534 ystr("workspace_buttons");
535 y(bool, !config->hide_workspace_buttons);
537 ystr("strip_workspace_numbers");
538 y(bool, config->strip_workspace_numbers);
540 ystr("binding_mode_indicator");
541 y(bool, !config->hide_binding_mode_indicator);
544 y(bool, config->verbose);
547 #define YSTR_IF_SET(name) \
549 if (config->colors.name) { \
551 ystr(config->colors.name); \
557 YSTR_IF_SET(background);
558 YSTR_IF_SET(statusline);
559 YSTR_IF_SET(separator);
560 YSTR_IF_SET(focused_workspace_border);
561 YSTR_IF_SET(focused_workspace_bg);
562 YSTR_IF_SET(focused_workspace_text);
563 YSTR_IF_SET(active_workspace_border);
564 YSTR_IF_SET(active_workspace_bg);
565 YSTR_IF_SET(active_workspace_text);
566 YSTR_IF_SET(inactive_workspace_border);
567 YSTR_IF_SET(inactive_workspace_bg);
568 YSTR_IF_SET(inactive_workspace_text);
569 YSTR_IF_SET(urgent_workspace_border);
570 YSTR_IF_SET(urgent_workspace_bg);
571 YSTR_IF_SET(urgent_workspace_text);
579 setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
580 yajl_gen gen = ygenalloc();
581 dump_node(gen, croot, false);
582 setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "");
584 const unsigned char *payload;
586 y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
588 ipc_send_message(fd, length, I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_TREE, payload);
593 * Formats the reply message for a GET_WORKSPACES request and sends it to the
597 IPC_HANDLER(get_workspaces) {
598 yajl_gen gen = ygenalloc();
601 Con *focused_ws = con_get_workspace(focused);
604 TAILQ_FOREACH(output, &(croot->nodes_head), nodes) {
605 if (con_is_internal(output))
608 TAILQ_FOREACH(ws, &(output_get_content(output)->nodes_head), nodes) {
609 assert(ws->type == CT_WORKSPACE);
622 y(bool, workspace_is_visible(ws));
625 y(bool, ws == focused_ws);
630 y(integer, ws->rect.x);
632 y(integer, ws->rect.y);
634 y(integer, ws->rect.width);
636 y(integer, ws->rect.height);
651 const unsigned char *payload;
653 y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
655 ipc_send_message(fd, length, I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_WORKSPACES, payload);
660 * Formats the reply message for a GET_OUTPUTS request and sends it to the
664 IPC_HANDLER(get_outputs) {
665 yajl_gen gen = ygenalloc();
669 TAILQ_FOREACH(output, &outputs, outputs) {
676 y(bool, output->active);
679 y(bool, output->primary);
684 y(integer, output->rect.x);
686 y(integer, output->rect.y);
688 y(integer, output->rect.width);
690 y(integer, output->rect.height);
693 ystr("current_workspace");
695 if (output->con && (ws = con_get_fullscreen_con(output->con, CF_OUTPUT)))
705 const unsigned char *payload;
707 y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
709 ipc_send_message(fd, length, I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_OUTPUTS, payload);
714 * Formats the reply message for a GET_MARKS request and sends it to the
718 IPC_HANDLER(get_marks) {
719 yajl_gen gen = ygenalloc();
723 TAILQ_FOREACH(con, &all_cons, all_cons)
724 if (con->mark != NULL)
729 const unsigned char *payload;
731 y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
733 ipc_send_message(fd, length, I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_MARKS, payload);
738 * Returns the version of i3
741 IPC_HANDLER(get_version) {
742 yajl_gen gen = ygenalloc();
746 y(integer, MAJOR_VERSION);
749 y(integer, MINOR_VERSION);
752 y(integer, PATCH_VERSION);
754 ystr("human_readable");
759 const unsigned char *payload;
761 y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
763 ipc_send_message(fd, length, I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_VERSION, payload);
768 * Formats the reply message for a GET_BAR_CONFIG request and sends it to the
772 IPC_HANDLER(get_bar_config) {
773 yajl_gen gen = ygenalloc();
775 /* If no ID was passed, we return a JSON array with all IDs */
776 if (message_size == 0) {
779 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &barconfigs, configs) {
784 const unsigned char *payload;
786 y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
788 ipc_send_message(fd, length, I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_BAR_CONFIG, payload);
793 /* To get a properly terminated buffer, we copy
794 * message_size bytes out of the buffer */
795 char *bar_id = scalloc(message_size + 1);
796 strncpy(bar_id, (const char *)message, message_size);
797 LOG("IPC: looking for config for bar ID \"%s\"\n", bar_id);
798 Barconfig *current, *config = NULL;
799 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &barconfigs, configs) {
800 if (strcmp(current->id, bar_id) != 0)
808 /* If we did not find a config for the given ID, the reply will contain
809 * a null 'id' field. */
817 dump_bar_config(gen, config);
820 const unsigned char *payload;
822 y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
824 ipc_send_message(fd, length, I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_BAR_CONFIG, payload);
829 * Callback for the YAJL parser (will be called when a string is parsed).
832 static int add_subscription(void *extra, const unsigned char *s,
834 ipc_client *client = extra;
836 DLOG("should add subscription to extra %p, sub %.*s\n", client, (int)len, s);
837 int event = client->num_events;
839 client->num_events++;
840 client->events = realloc(client->events, client->num_events * sizeof(char *));
841 /* We copy the string because it is not null-terminated and strndup()
842 * is missing on some BSD systems */
843 client->events[event] = scalloc(len + 1);
844 memcpy(client->events[event], s, len);
846 DLOG("client is now subscribed to:\n");
847 for (int i = 0; i < client->num_events; i++)
848 DLOG("event %s\n", client->events[i]);
855 * Subscribes this connection to the event types which were given as a JSON
856 * serialized array in the payload field of the message.
859 IPC_HANDLER(subscribe) {
862 ipc_client *current, *client = NULL;
864 /* Search the ipc_client structure for this connection */
865 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &all_clients, clients) {
866 if (current->fd != fd)
873 if (client == NULL) {
874 ELOG("Could not find ipc_client data structure for fd %d\n", fd);
878 /* Setup the JSON parser */
879 static yajl_callbacks callbacks = {
880 .yajl_string = add_subscription,
883 p = yalloc(&callbacks, (void *)client);
884 stat = yajl_parse(p, (const unsigned char *)message, message_size);
885 if (stat != yajl_status_ok) {
887 err = yajl_get_error(p, true, (const unsigned char *)message,
889 ELOG("YAJL parse error: %s\n", err);
890 yajl_free_error(p, err);
892 const char *reply = "{\"success\":false}";
893 ipc_send_message(fd, strlen(reply), I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_SUBSCRIBE, (const uint8_t *)reply);
898 const char *reply = "{\"success\":true}";
899 ipc_send_message(fd, strlen(reply), I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_SUBSCRIBE, (const uint8_t *)reply);
902 /* The index of each callback function corresponds to the numeric
903 * value of the message type (see include/i3/ipc.h) */
904 handler_t handlers[8] = {
906 handle_get_workspaces,
911 handle_get_bar_config,
916 * Handler for activity on a client connection, receives a message from a
919 * For now, the maximum message size is 2048. I’m not sure for what the
920 * IPC interface will be used in the future, thus I’m not implementing a
921 * mechanism for arbitrarily long messages, as it seems like overkill
925 static void ipc_receive_message(EV_P_ struct ev_io *w, int revents) {
926 uint32_t message_type;
927 uint32_t message_length;
928 uint8_t *message = NULL;
930 int ret = ipc_recv_message(w->fd, &message_type, &message_length, &message);
931 /* EOF or other error */
933 /* Was this a spurious read? See ev(3) */
934 if (ret == -1 && errno == EAGAIN) {
939 /* If not, there was some kind of error. We don’t bother
940 * and close the connection */
943 /* Delete the client from the list of clients */
945 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &all_clients, clients) {
946 if (current->fd != w->fd)
949 for (int i = 0; i < current->num_events; i++)
950 free(current->events[i]);
951 /* We can call TAILQ_REMOVE because we break out of the
952 * TAILQ_FOREACH afterwards */
953 TAILQ_REMOVE(&all_clients, current, clients);
962 DLOG("IPC: client disconnected\n");
966 if (message_type >= (sizeof(handlers) / sizeof(handler_t)))
967 DLOG("Unhandled message type: %d\n", message_type);
969 handler_t h = handlers[message_type];
970 h(w->fd, message, 0, message_length, message_type);
977 * Handler for activity on the listening socket, meaning that a new client
978 * has just connected and we should accept() him. Sets up the event handler
979 * for activity on the new connection and inserts the file descriptor into
980 * the list of clients.
983 void ipc_new_client(EV_P_ struct ev_io *w, int revents) {
984 struct sockaddr_un peer;
985 socklen_t len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_un);
987 if ((client = accept(w->fd, (struct sockaddr *)&peer, &len)) < 0) {
995 /* Close this file descriptor on exec() */
996 (void)fcntl(client, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
998 set_nonblock(client);
1000 struct ev_io *package = scalloc(sizeof(struct ev_io));
1001 ev_io_init(package, ipc_receive_message, client, EV_READ);
1002 ev_io_start(EV_A_ package);
1004 DLOG("IPC: new client connected on fd %d\n", w->fd);
1006 ipc_client *new = scalloc(sizeof(ipc_client));
1009 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&all_clients, new, clients);
1013 * Creates the UNIX domain socket at the given path, sets it to non-blocking
1014 * mode, bind()s and listen()s on it.
1017 int ipc_create_socket(const char *filename) {
1020 FREE(current_socketpath);
1022 char *resolved = resolve_tilde(filename);
1023 DLOG("Creating IPC-socket at %s\n", resolved);
1024 char *copy = sstrdup(resolved);
1025 const char *dir = dirname(copy);
1026 if (!path_exists(dir))
1030 /* Unlink the unix domain socket before */
1033 if ((sockfd = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
1039 (void)fcntl(sockfd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
1041 struct sockaddr_un addr;
1042 memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
1043 addr.sun_family = AF_LOCAL;
1044 strncpy(addr.sun_path, resolved, sizeof(addr.sun_path) - 1);
1045 if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un)) < 0) {
1051 set_nonblock(sockfd);
1053 if (listen(sockfd, 5) < 0) {
1059 current_socketpath = resolved;
1064 * For the workspace "focus" event we send, along the usual "change" field,
1065 * also the current and previous workspace, in "current" and "old"
1068 void ipc_send_workspace_focus_event(Con *current, Con *old) {
1069 setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
1070 yajl_gen gen = ygenalloc();
1078 dump_node(gen, current, false);
1084 dump_node(gen, old, false);
1088 const unsigned char *payload;
1090 y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
1092 ipc_send_event("workspace", I3_IPC_EVENT_WORKSPACE, (const char *)payload);
1094 setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "");
1098 * For the window events we send, along the usual "change" field,
1099 * also the window container, in "container".
1101 void ipc_send_window_event(const char *property, Con *con) {
1102 DLOG("Issue IPC window %s event (con = %p, window = 0x%08x)\n",
1103 property, con, (con->window ? con->window->id : XCB_WINDOW_NONE));
1105 setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
1106 yajl_gen gen = ygenalloc();
1114 dump_node(gen, con, false);
1118 const unsigned char *payload;
1120 y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
1122 ipc_send_event("window", I3_IPC_EVENT_WINDOW, (const char *)payload);
1124 setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "");
1128 * For the barconfig update events, we send the serialized barconfig.
1130 void ipc_send_barconfig_update_event(Barconfig *barconfig) {
1131 DLOG("Issue barconfig_update event for id = %s\n", barconfig->id);
1132 setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
1133 yajl_gen gen = ygenalloc();
1135 dump_bar_config(gen, barconfig);
1137 const unsigned char *payload;
1139 y(get_buf, &payload, &length);
1141 ipc_send_event("barconfig_update", I3_IPC_EVENT_BARCONFIG_UPDATE, (const char *)payload);
1143 setlocale(LC_NUMERIC, "");