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[i3/i3] / src / layout.c
1 /*
2  * vim:ts=8:expandtab
3  *
4  * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
5  *
6  * © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors
7  *
8  * See file LICENSE for license information.
9  *
10  * layout.c: Functions handling layout/drawing of window decorations
11  *
12  */
13 #include <stdio.h>
14 #include <string.h>
15 #include <stdlib.h>
16 #include <xcb/xcb.h>
17 #include <assert.h>
18 #include <math.h>
19
20 #include "config.h"
21 #include "i3.h"
22 #include "xcb.h"
23 #include "table.h"
24 #include "util.h"
25 #include "xinerama.h"
26 #include "layout.h"
27 #include "client.h"
28 #include "floating.h"
29
30 /*
31  * Updates *destination with new_value and returns true if it was changed or false
32  * if it was the same
33  *
34  */
35 static bool update_if_necessary(uint32_t *destination, const uint32_t new_value) {
36         uint32_t old_value = *destination;
37
38         return ((*destination = new_value) != old_value);
39 }
40
41 /*
42  * Gets the unoccupied space (= space which is available for windows which were resized by the user)
43  * for the given row. This is necessary to render both, customly resized windows and never touched
44  * windows correctly, meaning that the aspect ratio will be maintained when opening new windows.
45  *
46  */
47 int get_unoccupied_x(Workspace *workspace) {
48         int unoccupied = workspace->rect.width;
49         float default_factor = ((float)workspace->rect.width / workspace->cols) / workspace->rect.width;
50
51         LOG("get_unoccupied_x(), starting with %d, default_factor = %f\n", unoccupied, default_factor);
52
53         for (int cols = 0; cols < workspace->cols; cols++) {
54                 LOG("width_factor[%d] = %f\n", cols, workspace->width_factor[cols]);
55
56                 if (workspace->width_factor[cols] == 0)
57                         unoccupied -= workspace->rect.width * default_factor;
58         }
59
60         LOG("unoccupied space: %d\n", unoccupied);
61         return unoccupied;
62 }
63
64 /* See get_unoccupied_x() */
65 int get_unoccupied_y(Workspace *workspace, int col) {
66         int unoccupied = workspace->rect.height;
67         float default_factor = ((float)workspace->rect.height / workspace->rows) / workspace->rect.height;
68
69         LOG("get_unoccupied_y(), starting with %d, default_factor = %f\n", unoccupied, default_factor);
70
71         for (int rows = 0; rows < workspace->rows; rows++) {
72                 LOG("height_factor[%d] = %f\n", rows, workspace->height_factor[rows]);
73                 if (workspace->height_factor[rows] == 0)
74                         unoccupied -= workspace->rect.height * default_factor;
75         }
76
77         LOG("unoccupied space: %d\n", unoccupied);
78         return unoccupied;
79 }
80
81 /*
82  * Redecorates the given client correctly by checking if it’s in a stacking container and
83  * re-rendering the stack window or just calling decorate_window if it’s not in a stacking
84  * container.
85  *
86  */
87 void redecorate_window(xcb_connection_t *conn, Client *client) {
88         if (client->container != NULL && client->container->mode == MODE_STACK) {
89                 render_container(conn, client->container);
90                 /* We clear the frame to generate exposure events, because the color used
91                    in drawing may be different */
92                 xcb_clear_area(conn, true, client->frame, 0, 0, client->rect.width, client->rect.height);
93         } else decorate_window(conn, client, client->frame, client->titlegc, 0);
94         xcb_flush(conn);
95 }
96
97 /*
98  * (Re-)draws window decorations for a given Client onto the given drawable/graphic context.
99  * When in stacking mode, the window decorations are drawn onto an own window.
100  *
101  */
102 void decorate_window(xcb_connection_t *conn, Client *client, xcb_drawable_t drawable, xcb_gcontext_t gc, int offset) {
103         i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
104         int decoration_height = font->height + 2 + 2;
105         struct Colortriple *color;
106
107         /* Clients without a container (docks) won’t get decorated */
108         if (client->dock)
109                 return;
110
111         LOG("redecorating child %08x\n", client->child);
112         if (client_is_floating(client) || client->container->currently_focused == client) {
113                 /* Distinguish if the window is currently focused… */
114                 if (client_is_floating(client) || CUR_CELL->currently_focused == client)
115                         color = &(config.client.focused);
116                 /* …or if it is the focused window in a not focused container */
117                 else color = &(config.client.focused_inactive);
118         } else color = &(config.client.unfocused);
119
120         /* Our plan is the following:
121            - Draw a rect around the whole client in color->background
122            - Draw two lines in a lighter color
123            - Draw the window’s title
124          */
125
126         /* Draw a rectangle in background color around the window */
127         xcb_change_gc_single(conn, gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, color->background);
128
129         /* In stacking mode, we only render the rect for this specific decoration */
130         if (client->container != NULL && client->container->mode == MODE_STACK) {
131                 /* We need to use the container’s width because it is the more recent value - when
132                    in stacking mode, clients get reconfigured only on demand (the not active client
133                    is not reconfigured), so the client’s rect.width would be wrong */
134                 xcb_rectangle_t rect = {0, offset, client->container->width, offset + decoration_height };
135                 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, drawable, gc, 1, &rect);
136         } else {
137                 xcb_rectangle_t rect = {0, 0, client->rect.width, client->rect.height};
138                 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, drawable, gc, 1, &rect);
139
140                 /* Draw the inner background to have a black frame around clients (such as mplayer)
141                    which cannot be resized exactly in our frames and therefore are centered */
142                 xcb_change_gc_single(conn, client->titlegc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, get_colorpixel(conn, "#000000"));
143                 xcb_rectangle_t crect = {2, decoration_height,
144                                          client->rect.width - (2 + 2), client->rect.height - 2 - decoration_height};
145                 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, client->frame, client->titlegc, 1, &crect);
146         }
147
148         /* Draw the lines */
149         xcb_draw_line(conn, drawable, gc, color->border, 0, offset, client->rect.width, offset);
150         xcb_draw_line(conn, drawable, gc, color->border, 2, offset + font->height + 3,
151                       client->rect.width - 3, offset + font->height + 3);
152
153         /* If the client has a title, we draw it */
154         if (client->name != NULL) {
155                 /* Draw the font */
156                 uint32_t mask = XCB_GC_FOREGROUND | XCB_GC_BACKGROUND | XCB_GC_FONT;
157                 uint32_t values[] = { color->text, color->background, font->id };
158                 xcb_change_gc(conn, gc, mask, values);
159
160                 /* name_len == -1 means this is a legacy application which does not specify _NET_WM_NAME,
161                    and we don’t handle the old window name (COMPOUND_TEXT) but only _NET_WM_NAME, which
162                    is UTF-8 */
163                 if (client->name_len == -1)
164                         xcb_image_text_8(conn, strlen(client->name), drawable, gc, 3 /* X */,
165                                          offset + font->height /* Y = baseline of font */, client->name);
166                 else
167                         xcb_image_text_16(conn, client->name_len, drawable, gc, 3 /* X */,
168                                           offset + font->height /* Y = baseline of font */, (xcb_char2b_t*)client->name);
169         }
170 }
171
172 /*
173  * Pushes the client’s x and y coordinates to X11
174  *
175  */
176 void reposition_client(xcb_connection_t *conn, Client *client) {
177         i3Screen *screen;
178
179         LOG("frame 0x%08x needs to be pushed to %dx%d\n", client->frame, client->rect.x, client->rect.y);
180         /* Note: We can use a pointer to client->x like an array of uint32_ts
181            because it is followed by client->y by definition */
182         xcb_configure_window(conn, client->frame, XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y, &(client->rect.x));
183
184         if (!client_is_floating(client))
185                 return;
186
187         /* If the client is floating, we need to check if we moved it to a different workspace */
188         if (client->workspace->screen == (screen = get_screen_containing(client->rect.x, client->rect.y)))
189                 return;
190
191         if (screen == NULL) {
192                 LOG("Boundary checking disabled, no screen found for (%d, %d)\n", client->rect.x, client->rect.y);
193                 return;
194         }
195
196         LOG("Client is on workspace %p with screen %p\n", client->workspace, client->workspace->screen);
197         LOG("but screen at %d, %d is %p\n", client->rect.x, client->rect.y, screen);
198         floating_assign_to_workspace(client, &workspaces[screen->current_workspace]);
199         LOG("fixed that\n");
200 }
201
202 /*
203  * Pushes the client’s width/height to X11 and resizes the child window
204  *
205  */
206 void resize_client(xcb_connection_t *conn, Client *client) {
207         i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
208
209         LOG("resizing client 0x%08x to %d x %d\n", client->frame, client->rect.width, client->rect.height);
210         xcb_configure_window(conn, client->frame,
211                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT,
212                         &(client->rect.width));
213
214         /* Adjust the position of the child inside its frame.
215          * The coordinates of the child are relative to its frame, we
216          * add a border of 2 pixel to each value */
217         uint32_t mask = XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X |
218                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y |
219                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH |
220                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT;
221         Rect *rect = &(client->child_rect);
222         switch ((client->container != NULL ? client->container->mode : MODE_DEFAULT)) {
223                 case MODE_STACK:
224                         rect->x = 2;
225                         rect->y = 0;
226                         rect->width = client->rect.width - (2 + 2);
227                         rect->height = client->rect.height - 2;
228                         break;
229                 default:
230                         if (client->titlebar_position == TITLEBAR_OFF) {
231                                 rect->x = 0;
232                                 rect->y = 0;
233                                 rect->width = client->rect.width;
234                                 rect->height = client->rect.height;
235                         } else {
236                                 rect->x = 2;
237                                 rect->y = font->height + 2 + 2;
238                                 rect->width = client->rect.width - (2 + 2);
239                                 rect->height = client->rect.height - ((font->height + 2 + 2) + 2);
240                         }
241                         break;
242         }
243
244         /* Obey the ratio, if any */
245         if (client->proportional_height != 0 &&
246             client->proportional_width != 0) {
247                 LOG("proportional height = %d, width = %d\n", client->proportional_height, client->proportional_width);
248                 double new_height = rect->height + 1;
249                 int new_width = rect->width;
250
251                 while (new_height > rect->height) {
252                         new_height = ((double)client->proportional_height / client->proportional_width) * new_width;
253
254                         if (new_height > rect->height)
255                                 new_width--;
256                 }
257                 /* Center the window */
258                 rect->y += ceil(rect->height / 2) - floor(new_height / 2);
259                 rect->x += ceil(rect->width / 2) - floor(new_width / 2);
260
261                 rect->height = new_height;
262                 rect->width = new_width;
263                 LOG("new_height = %f, new_width = %d\n", new_height, new_width);
264         }
265
266         LOG("child will be at %dx%d with size %dx%d\n", rect->x, rect->y, rect->width, rect->height);
267
268         xcb_configure_window(conn, client->child, mask, &(rect->x));
269
270         /* After configuring a child window we need to fake a configure_notify_event (see ICCCM 4.2.3).
271          * This is necessary to inform the client of its position relative to the root window,
272          * not relative to its frame (as done in the configure_notify_event by the x server). */
273         fake_absolute_configure_notify(conn, client);
274 }
275
276 /*
277  * Renders the given container. Is called by render_layout() or individually (for example
278  * when focus changes in a stacking container)
279  *
280  */
281 void render_container(xcb_connection_t *conn, Container *container) {
282         Client *client;
283         int num_clients = 0, current_client = 0;
284
285         CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(client, &(container->clients), clients)
286                 num_clients++;
287
288         if (container->mode == MODE_DEFAULT) {
289                 LOG("got %d clients in this default container.\n", num_clients);
290                 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(client, &(container->clients), clients) {
291                         /* If the client is in fullscreen mode, it does not get reconfigured */
292                         if (container->workspace->fullscreen_client == client) {
293                                 current_client++;
294                                 continue;
295                         }
296
297                         /* Check if we changed client->x or client->y by updating it.
298                          * Note the bitwise OR instead of logical OR to force evaluation of both statements */
299                         if (client->force_reconfigure |
300                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.x), container->x) |
301                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.y), container->y +
302                                         (container->height / num_clients) * current_client))
303                                 reposition_client(conn, client);
304
305                         /* TODO: vertical default layout */
306                         if (client->force_reconfigure |
307                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.width), container->width) |
308                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.height), container->height / num_clients))
309                                 resize_client(conn, client);
310
311                         client->force_reconfigure = false;
312
313                         current_client++;
314                 }
315         } else {
316                 i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
317                 int decoration_height = (font->height + 2 + 2);
318                 struct Stack_Window *stack_win = &(container->stack_win);
319
320                 /* Check if we need to remap our stack title window, it gets unmapped when the container
321                    is empty in src/handlers.c:unmap_notify() */
322                 if (stack_win->rect.height == 0)
323                         xcb_map_window(conn, stack_win->window);
324
325                 /* Check if we need to reconfigure our stack title window */
326                 if (update_if_necessary(&(stack_win->rect.x), container->x) |
327                     update_if_necessary(&(stack_win->rect.y), container->y) |
328                     update_if_necessary(&(stack_win->rect.width), container->width) |
329                     update_if_necessary(&(stack_win->rect.height), decoration_height * num_clients)) {
330
331                         /* Configuration can happen in two slightly different ways:
332
333                            If there is no client in fullscreen mode, 5 parameters are passed
334                            (x, y, width, height, stack mode is set to above which means top-most position).
335
336                            If there is a fullscreen client, the fourth parameter is set to to the
337                            fullscreen window as sibling and the stack mode is set to below, which means
338                            that the stack_window will be placed just below the sibling, that is, under
339                            the fullscreen window.
340                          */
341                         uint32_t values[] = { stack_win->rect.x, stack_win->rect.y,
342                                               stack_win->rect.width, stack_win->rect.height,
343                                               XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE, XCB_STACK_MODE_BELOW };
344                         uint32_t mask = XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y |
345                                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT |
346                                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE;
347
348                         /* Raise the stack window, but keep it below the first floating client
349                          * and below the fullscreen client (if any) */
350                         Client *first_floating = TAILQ_FIRST(&(container->workspace->floating_clients));
351                         if (first_floating != TAILQ_END(&(container->workspace->floating_clients))) {
352                                 mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_SIBLING;
353                                 values[4] = first_floating->frame;
354                         } else if (container->workspace->fullscreen_client != NULL) {
355                                 mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_SIBLING;
356                                 values[4] = container->workspace->fullscreen_client->frame;
357                         }
358
359                         xcb_configure_window(conn, stack_win->window, mask, values);
360                 }
361
362                 /* Prepare the pixmap for usage */
363                 cached_pixmap_prepare(conn, &(stack_win->pixmap));
364
365                 /* Render the decorations of all clients */
366                 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(client, &(container->clients), clients) {
367                         /* If the client is in fullscreen mode, it does not get reconfigured */
368                         if (container->workspace->fullscreen_client == client) {
369                                 current_client++;
370                                 continue;
371                         }
372
373                         /* Check if we changed client->x or client->y by updating it.
374                          * Note the bitwise OR instead of logical OR to force evaluation of both statements */
375                         if (client->force_reconfigure |
376                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.x), container->x) |
377                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.y), container->y + (decoration_height * num_clients)))
378                                 reposition_client(conn, client);
379
380                         if (client->force_reconfigure |
381                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.width), container->width) |
382                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.height), container->height - (decoration_height * num_clients)))
383                                 resize_client(conn, client);
384
385                         client->force_reconfigure = false;
386
387                         decorate_window(conn, client, stack_win->pixmap.id, stack_win->pixmap.gc,
388                                         current_client++ * decoration_height);
389                 }
390
391                 xcb_copy_area(conn, stack_win->pixmap.id, stack_win->window, stack_win->pixmap.gc,
392                               0, 0, 0, 0, stack_win->rect.width, stack_win->rect.height);
393         }
394 }
395
396 static void render_bars(xcb_connection_t *conn, Workspace *r_ws, int width, int *height) {
397         Client *client;
398         SLIST_FOREACH(client, &(r_ws->screen->dock_clients), dock_clients) {
399                 LOG("client is at %d, should be at %d\n", client->rect.y, *height);
400                 if (client->force_reconfigure |
401                     update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.x), 0) |
402                     update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.y), *height))
403                         reposition_client(conn, client);
404
405                 if (client->force_reconfigure |
406                     update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.width), width) |
407                     update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.height), client->desired_height))
408                         resize_client(conn, client);
409
410                 client->force_reconfigure = false;
411                 LOG("desired_height = %d\n", client->desired_height);
412                 *height += client->desired_height;
413         }
414 }
415
416 static void render_internal_bar(xcb_connection_t *conn, Workspace *r_ws, int width, int height) {
417         LOG("Rendering internal bar\n");
418         i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
419         i3Screen *screen = r_ws->screen;
420         enum { SET_NORMAL = 0, SET_FOCUSED = 1 };
421         char label[3];
422
423         /* Fill the whole bar in black */
424         xcb_change_gc_single(conn, screen->bargc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, get_colorpixel(conn, "#000000"));
425         xcb_rectangle_t rect = {0, 0, width, height};
426         xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, screen->bar, screen->bargc, 1, &rect);
427
428         /* Set font */
429         xcb_change_gc_single(conn, screen->bargc, XCB_GC_FONT, font->id);
430
431         int drawn = 0;
432         for (int c = 0; c < 10; c++) {
433                 if (workspaces[c].screen != screen)
434                         continue;
435
436                 struct Colortriple *color = (screen->current_workspace == c ? &(config.bar.focused) :
437                                              &(config.bar.unfocused));
438
439                 xcb_draw_rect(conn, screen->bar, screen->bargc, color->border,
440                               drawn * height, 1, height - 2, height - 2);
441                 xcb_draw_rect(conn, screen->bar, screen->bargc, color->background,
442                               drawn * height + 1, 2, height - 4, height - 4);
443
444                 snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "%d", c+1);
445                 xcb_change_gc_single(conn, screen->bargc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, color->text);
446                 xcb_change_gc_single(conn, screen->bargc, XCB_GC_BACKGROUND, color->background);
447                 xcb_image_text_8(conn, strlen(label), screen->bar, screen->bargc, drawn * height + 5 /* X */,
448                                                 font->height + 1 /* Y = baseline of font */, label);
449                 drawn++;
450         }
451
452         LOG("done rendering internal\n");
453 }
454
455 /*
456  * Modifies the event mask of all clients on the given workspace to either ignore or to handle
457  * enter notifies. It is handy to ignore notifies because they will be sent when a window is mapped
458  * under the cursor, thus when the user didn’t enter the window actively at all.
459  *
460  */
461 void ignore_enter_notify_forall(xcb_connection_t *conn, Workspace *workspace, bool ignore_enter_notify) {
462         Client *client;
463         uint32_t values[1];
464
465         LOG("Ignore enter_notify = %d\n", ignore_enter_notify);
466
467         FOR_TABLE(workspace)
468                 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(client, &(workspace->table[cols][rows]->clients), clients) {
469                         /* Change event mask for the decorations */
470                         values[0] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK;
471                         if (ignore_enter_notify)
472                                 values[0] &= ~(XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW);
473                         xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, client->frame, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
474
475                         /* Change event mask for the child itself */
476                         values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
477                         if (ignore_enter_notify)
478                                 values[0] &= ~(XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW);
479                         xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, client->child, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
480                 }
481 }
482
483 /*
484  * Renders the given workspace on the given screen
485  *
486  */
487 void render_workspace(xcb_connection_t *conn, i3Screen *screen, Workspace *r_ws) {
488         i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
489         int width = r_ws->rect.width;
490         int height = r_ws->rect.height;
491
492         /* Reserve space for dock clients */
493         Client *client;
494         SLIST_FOREACH(client, &(screen->dock_clients), dock_clients)
495                 height -= client->desired_height;
496
497         /* Space for the internal bar */
498         height -= (font->height + 6);
499
500         LOG("got %d rows and %d cols\n", r_ws->rows, r_ws->cols);
501
502         int xoffset[r_ws->rows];
503         int yoffset[r_ws->cols];
504         /* Initialize offsets */
505         for (int cols = 0; cols < r_ws->cols; cols++)
506                 yoffset[cols] = r_ws->rect.y;
507         for (int rows = 0; rows < r_ws->rows; rows++)
508                 xoffset[rows] = r_ws->rect.x;
509
510         dump_table(conn, r_ws);
511
512         ignore_enter_notify_forall(conn, r_ws, true);
513
514         /* Go through the whole table and render what’s necessary */
515         FOR_TABLE(r_ws) {
516                 Container *container = r_ws->table[cols][rows];
517                 int single_width = -1, single_height;
518                 LOG("\n");
519                 LOG("========\n");
520                 LOG("container has %d colspan, %d rowspan\n",
521                                 container->colspan, container->rowspan);
522                 LOG("container at %d, %d\n", xoffset[rows], yoffset[cols]);
523                 /* Update position of the container */
524                 container->row = rows;
525                 container->col = cols;
526                 container->x = xoffset[rows];
527                 container->y = yoffset[cols];
528                 container->width = 0;
529
530                 for (int c = 0; c < container->colspan; c++) {
531                         if (r_ws->width_factor[cols+c] == 0)
532                                 container->width += (width / r_ws->cols);
533                         else container->width += get_unoccupied_x(r_ws) * r_ws->width_factor[cols+c];
534
535                         if (single_width == -1)
536                                 single_width = container->width;
537                 }
538
539                 //if (container->height_factor == 0)
540                         container->height = (height / r_ws->rows);
541                 //else container->height = get_unoccupied_y(r_ws, cols) * container->height_factor;
542                 single_height = container->height;
543                 container->height *= container->rowspan;
544
545                 /* Render the container if it is not empty */
546                 render_container(conn, container);
547
548                 xoffset[rows] += single_width;
549                 yoffset[cols] += single_height;
550                 LOG("==========\n");
551         }
552
553         ignore_enter_notify_forall(conn, r_ws, false);
554
555         render_bars(conn, r_ws, width, &height);
556         render_internal_bar(conn, r_ws, width, font->height + 6);
557 }
558
559 /*
560  * Renders the whole layout, that is: Go through each screen, each workspace, each container
561  * and render each client. This also renders the bars.
562  *
563  * If you don’t need to render *everything*, you should call render_container on the container
564  * you want to refresh.
565  *
566  */
567 void render_layout(xcb_connection_t *conn) {
568         i3Screen *screen;
569
570         TAILQ_FOREACH(screen, virtual_screens, screens) {
571                 LOG("Rendering screen %d\n", screen->num);
572                 render_workspace(conn, screen, &(workspaces[screen->current_workspace]));
573         }
574
575         xcb_flush(conn);
576 }