1 /*****************************************************************************/
5 /* Module to handle the raw binary format */
9 /* (C) 1999-2008 Ullrich von Bassewitz */
10 /* Roemerstrasse 52 */
11 /* D-70794 Filderstadt */
12 /* EMail: uz@cc65.org */
15 /* This software is provided 'as-is', without any expressed or implied */
16 /* warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages */
17 /* arising from the use of this software. */
19 /* Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose, */
20 /* including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it */
21 /* freely, subject to the following restrictions: */
23 /* 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not */
24 /* claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software */
25 /* in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be */
26 /* appreciated but is not required. */
27 /* 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not */
28 /* be misrepresented as being the original software. */
29 /* 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source */
32 /*****************************************************************************/
58 /*****************************************************************************/
60 /*****************************************************************************/
65 unsigned Undef; /* Count of undefined externals */
66 FILE* F; /* Output file */
67 const char* Filename; /* Name of output file */
72 /*****************************************************************************/
74 /*****************************************************************************/
78 BinDesc* NewBinDesc (void)
79 /* Create a new binary format descriptor */
81 /* Allocate memory for a new BinDesc struct */
82 BinDesc* D = xmalloc (sizeof (BinDesc));
84 /* Initialize the fields */
89 /* Return the created struct */
95 void FreeBinDesc (BinDesc* D)
96 /* Free a binary format descriptor */
103 static unsigned BinWriteExpr (ExprNode* E, int Signed, unsigned Size,
104 unsigned long Offs attribute ((unused)),
106 /* Called from SegWrite for an expression. Evaluate the expression, check the
107 * range and write the expression value to the file.
110 /* There's a predefined function to handle constant expressions */
111 return SegWriteConstExpr (((BinDesc*)Data)->F, E, Signed, Size);
116 static void PrintBoolVal (const char* Name, int B)
117 /* Print a boolean value for debugging */
119 Print (stdout, 2, " %s = %s\n", Name, B? "true" : "false");
124 static void PrintNumVal (const char* Name, unsigned long V)
125 /* Print a numerical value for debugging */
127 Print (stdout, 2, " %s = 0x%lx\n", Name, V);
132 static void BinWriteMem (BinDesc* D, Memory* M)
133 /* Write the segments of one memory area to a file */
135 /* Get the start address of this memory area */
136 unsigned long Addr = M->Start;
138 /* Get a pointer to the first segment node */
139 MemListNode* N = M->SegList;
144 /* Get the segment from the list node */
147 /* Keep the user happy */
148 Print (stdout, 1, " Writing `%s'\n", GetString (S->Name));
150 /* Writes do only occur in the load area and not for BSS segments */
151 DoWrite = (S->Flags & SF_BSS) == 0 && /* No BSS segment */
152 S->Load == M && /* LOAD segment */
153 S->Seg->Dumped == 0; /* Not already written */
155 /* Output debugging stuff */
156 PrintBoolVal ("bss", S->Flags & SF_BSS);
157 PrintBoolVal ("LoadArea", S->Load == M);
158 PrintBoolVal ("Dumped", S->Seg->Dumped);
159 PrintBoolVal ("DoWrite", DoWrite);
160 PrintNumVal ("Address", Addr);
161 PrintNumVal ("FileOffs", (unsigned long) ftell (D->F));
163 /* Check if we would need an alignment */
164 if (S->Seg->Align > S->Align) {
165 /* Segment itself requires larger alignment than configured
168 Warning ("Segment `%s' in module `%s' requires larger alignment",
169 GetString (S->Name), GetObjFileName (S->Seg->AlignObj));
172 /* If this is the run memory area, we must apply run alignment. If
173 * this is not the run memory area but the load memory area (which
174 * means that both are different), we must apply load alignment.
175 * Beware: DoWrite may be true even if this is the run memory area,
176 * because it may be also the load memory area.
180 /* Handle ALIGN and OFFSET/START */
181 if (S->Flags & SF_ALIGN) {
182 /* Align the address */
183 unsigned long Val = (0x01UL << S->Align) - 1;
184 unsigned long NewAddr = (Addr + Val) & ~Val;
185 if (DoWrite || (M->Flags & MF_FILL) != 0) {
186 WriteMult (D->F, M->FillVal, NewAddr - Addr);
187 PrintNumVal ("SF_ALIGN", NewAddr - Addr);
190 } else if (S->Flags & (SF_OFFSET | SF_START)) {
191 unsigned long NewAddr = S->Addr;
192 if (S->Flags & SF_OFFSET) {
193 /* It's an offset, not a fixed address, make an address */
196 if (DoWrite || (M->Flags & MF_FILL) != 0) {
197 WriteMult (D->F, M->FillVal, NewAddr-Addr);
198 PrintNumVal ("SF_OFFSET", NewAddr - Addr);
203 /* Relocate line information for this segment */
204 RelocLineInfo (S->Seg);
206 } else if (S->Load == M) {
208 /* Handle ALIGN_LOAD */
209 if (S->Flags & SF_ALIGN_LOAD) {
210 /* Align the address */
211 unsigned long Val = (0x01UL << S->AlignLoad) - 1;
212 unsigned long NewAddr = (Addr + Val) & ~Val;
213 if (DoWrite || (M->Flags & MF_FILL) != 0) {
214 WriteMult (D->F, M->FillVal, NewAddr-Addr);
215 PrintNumVal ("SF_ALIGN_LOAD", NewAddr - Addr);
222 /* Now write the segment to disk if it is not a BSS type segment and
223 * if the memory area is the load area.
226 unsigned long P = ftell (D->F);
227 S->Seg->FillVal = M->FillVal;
228 SegWrite (D->F, S->Seg, BinWriteExpr, D);
229 PrintNumVal ("Wrote", (unsigned long) (ftell (D->F) - P));
230 } else if (M->Flags & MF_FILL) {
231 WriteMult (D->F, M->FillVal, S->Seg->Size);
232 PrintNumVal ("Filled", (unsigned long) S->Seg->Size);
235 /* If this was the load memory area, mark the segment as dumped */
240 /* Calculate the new address */
241 Addr += S->Seg->Size;
243 /* Next segment node */
247 /* If a fill was requested, fill the remaining space */
248 if ((M->Flags & MF_FILL) != 0 && M->FillLevel < M->Size) {
249 unsigned long ToFill = M->Size - M->FillLevel;
250 Print (stdout, 2, " Filling 0x%lx bytes with 0x%02x\n",
252 WriteMult (D->F, M->FillVal, ToFill);
253 M->FillLevel = M->Size;
259 static int BinUnresolved (unsigned Name attribute ((unused)), void* D)
260 /* Called if an unresolved symbol is encountered */
262 /* Unresolved symbols are an error in binary format. Bump the counter
263 * and return zero telling the caller that the symbol is indeed
266 ((BinDesc*) D)->Undef++;
272 void BinWriteTarget (BinDesc* D, struct File* F)
273 /* Write a binary output file */
277 /* Place the filename in the control structure */
278 D->Filename = GetString (F->Name);
280 /* Check for unresolved symbols. The function BinUnresolved is called
281 * if we get an unresolved symbol.
283 D->Undef = 0; /* Reset the counter */
284 CheckUnresolvedImports (BinUnresolved, D);
286 /* We had unresolved symbols, cannot create output file */
287 Error ("%u unresolved external(s) found - cannot create output file", D->Undef);
291 D->F = fopen (D->Filename, "wb");
293 Error ("Cannot open `%s': %s", D->Filename, strerror (errno));
296 /* Keep the user happy */
297 Print (stdout, 1, "Opened `%s'...\n", D->Filename);
299 /* Dump all memory areas */
300 for (I = 0; I < CollCount (&F->MemList); ++I) {
302 Memory* M = CollAtUnchecked (&F->MemList, I);
303 Print (stdout, 1, " Dumping `%s'\n", GetString (M->Name));
308 if (fclose (D->F) != 0) {
309 Error ("Cannot write to `%s': %s", D->Filename, strerror (errno));
312 /* Reset the file and filename */