2 * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
4 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
5 * © 2009-2010 Michael Stapelberg and contributors (see also: LICENSE)
7 * manage.c: Contains all functions for initially managing new windows
8 * (or existing ones on restart).
15 * Go through all existing windows (if the window manager is restarted) and manage them
18 void manage_existing_windows(xcb_window_t root) {
19 xcb_query_tree_reply_t *reply;
21 xcb_window_t *children;
22 xcb_get_window_attributes_cookie_t *cookies;
24 /* Get the tree of windows whose parent is the root window (= all) */
25 if ((reply = xcb_query_tree_reply(conn, xcb_query_tree(conn, root), 0)) == NULL)
28 len = xcb_query_tree_children_length(reply);
29 cookies = smalloc(len * sizeof(*cookies));
31 /* Request the window attributes for every window */
32 children = xcb_query_tree_children(reply);
33 for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
34 cookies[i] = xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, children[i]);
36 /* Call manage_window with the attributes for every window */
37 for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
38 manage_window(children[i], cookies[i], true);
45 * Restores the geometry of each window by reparenting it to the root window
46 * at the position of its frame.
48 * This is to be called *only* before exiting/restarting i3 because of evil
49 * side-effects which are to be expected when continuing to run i3.
52 void restore_geometry() {
53 DLOG("Restoring geometry\n");
56 TAILQ_FOREACH(con, &all_cons, all_cons)
58 DLOG("Re-adding X11 border of %d px\n", con->border_width);
59 con->window_rect.width += (2 * con->border_width);
60 con->window_rect.height += (2 * con->border_width);
61 xcb_set_window_rect(conn, con->window->id, con->window_rect);
62 DLOG("placing window %08x at %d %d\n", con->window->id, con->rect.x, con->rect.y);
63 xcb_reparent_window(conn, con->window->id, root,
64 con->rect.x, con->rect.y);
67 /* Make sure our changes reach the X server, we restart/exit now */
72 * Do some sanity checks and then reparent the window.
75 void manage_window(xcb_window_t window, xcb_get_window_attributes_cookie_t cookie,
76 bool needs_to_be_mapped) {
77 xcb_drawable_t d = { window };
78 xcb_get_geometry_cookie_t geomc;
79 xcb_get_geometry_reply_t *geom;
80 xcb_get_window_attributes_reply_t *attr = 0;
82 DLOG("---> looking at window 0x%08x\n", window);
84 xcb_get_property_cookie_t wm_type_cookie, strut_cookie, state_cookie,
85 utf8_title_cookie, title_cookie,
86 class_cookie, leader_cookie, transient_cookie;
88 wm_type_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, window, atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE], UINT32_MAX);
89 strut_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, window, atoms[_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL], UINT32_MAX);
90 state_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, window, atoms[_NET_WM_STATE], UINT32_MAX);
91 utf8_title_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, window, atoms[_NET_WM_NAME], 128);
92 leader_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, window, atoms[WM_CLIENT_LEADER], UINT32_MAX);
93 transient_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, window, WM_TRANSIENT_FOR, UINT32_MAX);
94 title_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, window, WM_NAME, 128);
95 class_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, window, WM_CLASS, 128);
96 /* TODO: also get wm_normal_hints here. implement after we got rid of xcb-event */
98 geomc = xcb_get_geometry(conn, d);
100 /* Check if the window is mapped (it could be not mapped when intializing and
101 calling manage_window() for every window) */
102 if ((attr = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn, cookie, 0)) == NULL) {
103 DLOG("Could not get attributes\n");
107 if (needs_to_be_mapped && attr->map_state != XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE) {
108 DLOG("map_state unviewable\n");
112 /* Don’t manage clients with the override_redirect flag */
113 DLOG("override_redirect is %d\n", attr->override_redirect);
114 if (attr->override_redirect)
117 /* Check if the window is already managed */
118 if (con_by_window_id(window) != NULL) {
119 DLOG("already managed (by con %p)\n", con_by_window_id(window));
123 /* Get the initial geometry (position, size, …) */
124 if ((geom = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, geomc, 0)) == NULL) {
125 DLOG("could not get geometry\n");
129 DLOG("reparenting!\n");
133 i3Window *cwindow = scalloc(sizeof(i3Window));
134 cwindow->id = window;
136 /* We need to grab the mouse buttons for click to focus */
137 xcb_grab_button(conn, false, window, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
138 XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
139 1 /* left mouse button */,
140 XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY /* don’t filter for any modifiers */);
142 xcb_grab_button(conn, false, window, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
143 XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
144 3 /* right mouse button */,
145 XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY /* don’t filter for any modifiers */);
148 /* update as much information as possible so far (some replies may be NULL) */
149 window_update_class(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, class_cookie, NULL));
150 window_update_name_legacy(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, title_cookie, NULL));
151 window_update_name(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, utf8_title_cookie, NULL));
152 window_update_leader(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, leader_cookie, NULL));
153 window_update_transient_for(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, transient_cookie, NULL));
154 window_update_strut_partial(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, strut_cookie, NULL));
156 /* Where to start searching for a container that swallows the new one? */
157 Con *search_at = croot;
159 xcb_get_property_reply_t *reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_type_cookie, NULL);
160 if (xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK])) {
161 LOG("This window is of type dock\n");
162 Output *output = get_output_containing(geom->x, geom->y);
163 if (output != NULL) {
164 DLOG("Starting search at output %s\n", output->name);
165 search_at = output->con;
168 /* find out the desired position of this dock window */
169 if (cwindow->reserved.top > 0 && cwindow->reserved.bottom == 0) {
170 DLOG("Top dock client\n");
171 cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_TOP;
172 } else if (cwindow->reserved.top == 0 && cwindow->reserved.bottom > 0) {
173 DLOG("Bottom dock client\n");
174 cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_BOTTOM;
176 DLOG("Ignoring invalid reserved edges (_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL), using position as fallback:\n");
177 if (geom->y < (search_at->rect.height / 2)) {
178 DLOG("geom->y = %d < rect.height / 2 = %d, it is a top dock client\n",
179 geom->y, (search_at->rect.height / 2));
180 cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_TOP;
182 DLOG("geom->y = %d >= rect.height / 2 = %d, it is a bottom dock client\n",
183 geom->y, (search_at->rect.height / 2));
184 cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_BOTTOM;
189 DLOG("Initial geometry: (%d, %d, %d, %d)\n", geom->x, geom->y, geom->width, geom->height);
194 /* TODO: assignments */
195 /* TODO: two matches for one container */
197 /* See if any container swallows this new window */
198 nc = con_for_window(search_at, cwindow, &match);
200 if (focused->type == CT_CON && con_accepts_window(focused)) {
201 LOG("using current container, focused = %p, focused->name = %s\n",
202 focused, focused->name);
204 } else nc = tree_open_con(NULL);
206 /* M_ACTIVE are assignments */
207 if (match != NULL && match->insert_where == M_ACTIVE) {
208 /* We need to go down the focus stack starting from nc */
209 while (TAILQ_FIRST(&(nc->focus_head)) != TAILQ_END(&(nc->focus_head))) {
210 DLOG("walking down one step...\n");
211 nc = TAILQ_FIRST(&(nc->focus_head));
213 /* We need to open a new con */
214 /* TODO: make a difference between match-once containers (directly assign
215 * cwindow) and match-multiple (tree_open_con first) */
216 nc = tree_open_con(nc->parent);
219 /* M_BELOW inserts the new window as a child of the one which was
220 * matched (e.g. dock areas) */
221 else if (match != NULL && match->insert_where == M_BELOW) {
222 nc = tree_open_con(nc);
226 DLOG("new container = %p\n", nc);
227 nc->window = cwindow;
230 nc->border_width = geom->border_width;
233 asprintf(&name, "[i3 con] container around %p", cwindow);
234 x_set_name(nc, name);
237 Con *ws = con_get_workspace(nc);
238 Con *fs = (ws ? con_get_fullscreen_con(ws) : NULL);
241 DLOG("Not in fullscreen mode, focusing\n");
244 else DLOG("dock, not focusing\n");
246 DLOG("fs = %p, ws = %p, not focusing\n", fs, ws);
249 /* set floating if necessary */
250 bool want_floating = false;
251 if (xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG]) ||
252 xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY]) ||
253 xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR]) ||
254 xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH])) {
255 LOG("This window is a dialog window, setting floating\n");
256 want_floating = true;
259 if (cwindow->transient_for != XCB_NONE ||
260 (cwindow->leader != XCB_NONE &&
261 cwindow->leader != cwindow->id &&
262 con_by_window_id(cwindow->leader) != NULL)) {
263 LOG("This window is transiert for another window, setting floating\n");
264 want_floating = true;
266 if (config.popup_during_fullscreen == PDF_LEAVE_FULLSCREEN &&
268 LOG("There is a fullscreen window, leaving fullscreen mode\n");
269 con_toggle_fullscreen(fs);
273 /* dock clients cannot be floating, that makes no sense */
275 want_floating = false;
277 /* Store the requested geometry. The width/height gets raised to at least
278 * 75x50 when entering floating mode, which is the minimum size for a
279 * window to be useful (smaller windows are usually overlays/toolbars/…
280 * which are not managed by the wm anyways). We store the original geometry
281 * here because it’s used for dock clients. */
282 nc->geometry = (Rect){ geom->x, geom->y, geom->width, geom->height };
285 DLOG("geometry = %d x %d\n", nc->geometry.width, nc->geometry.height);
286 floating_enable(nc, false);
289 /* to avoid getting an UnmapNotify event due to reparenting, we temporarily
290 * declare no interest in any state change event of this window */
291 values[0] = XCB_NONE;
292 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
294 xcb_void_cookie_t rcookie = xcb_reparent_window_checked(conn, window, nc->frame, 0, 0);
295 if (xcb_request_check(conn, rcookie) != NULL) {
296 LOG("Could not reparent the window, aborting\n");
300 mask = XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
301 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
302 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, window, mask, values);
304 reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, state_cookie, NULL);
305 if (xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, atoms[_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN]))
306 con_toggle_fullscreen(nc);
308 /* Put the client inside the save set. Upon termination (whether killed or
309 * normal exit does not matter) of the window manager, these clients will
310 * be correctly reparented to their most closest living ancestor (=
312 xcb_change_save_set(conn, XCB_SET_MODE_INSERT, window);
323 void reparent_window(xcb_connection_t *conn, xcb_window_t child,
324 xcb_visualid_t visual, xcb_window_t root, uint8_t depth,
325 int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t width, uint16_t height,
326 uint32_t border_width) {
328 /* Minimum useful size for managed windows is 75x50 (primarily affects floating) */
329 width = max(width, 75);
330 height = max(height, 50);
332 if (config.default_border != NULL)
333 client_init_border(conn, new, config.default_border[1]);
335 /* We need to grab the mouse buttons for click to focus */
336 xcb_grab_button(conn, false, child, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
337 XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
338 1 /* left mouse button */,
339 XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY /* don’t filter for any modifiers */);
341 xcb_grab_button(conn, false, child, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
342 XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
343 3 /* right mouse button */,
344 XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY /* don’t filter for any modifiers */);
347 DLOG("Window is a dock.\n");
348 Output *t_out = get_output_containing(x, y);
349 if (t_out != c_ws->output) {
350 DLOG("Dock client requested to be on output %s by geometry (%d, %d)\n",
352 new->workspace = t_out->current_workspace;
355 new->borderless = true;
356 new->titlebar_position = TITLEBAR_OFF;
357 new->force_reconfigure = true;
358 new->container = NULL;
359 SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&(t_out->dock_clients), new, dock_clients);
360 /* If it’s a dock we can’t make it float, so we break */
361 new->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_OFF;
364 /* All clients which have a leader should be floating */
365 if (!new->dock && !client_is_floating(new) && new->leader != 0) {
366 DLOG("Client has WM_CLIENT_LEADER hint set, setting floating\n");
367 new->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_ON;
370 if (new->workspace->auto_float) {
371 new->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_ON;
372 DLOG("workspace is in autofloat mode, setting floating\n");
376 /* Get _NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL to determine the client’s requested height */
378 preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, strut_cookie, NULL);
379 if (preply != NULL && preply->value_len > 0 && (strut = xcb_get_property_value(preply))) {
380 /* We only use a subset of the provided values, namely the reserved space at the top/bottom
381 of the screen. This is because the only possibility for bars is at to be at the top/bottom
382 with maximum horizontal size.
383 TODO: bars at the top */
384 new->desired_height = strut[3];
385 if (new->desired_height == 0) {
386 DLOG("Client wanted to be 0 pixels high, using the window's height (%d)\n", original_height);
387 new->desired_height = original_height;
389 DLOG("the client wants to be %d pixels high\n", new->desired_height);
391 DLOG("The client didn't specify space to reserve at the screen edge, using its height (%d)\n", original_height);
392 new->desired_height = original_height;
395 /* If it’s not a dock, we can check on which workspace we should put it. */
397 /* Firstly, we need to get the window’s class / title. We asked for the properties at the
398 * top of this function, get them now and pass them to our callback function for window class / title
399 * changes. It is important that the client was already inserted into the by_child table,
400 * because the callbacks won’t work otherwise. */
401 preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, utf8_title_cookie, NULL);
402 handle_windowname_change(NULL, conn, 0, new->child, atoms[_NET_WM_NAME], preply);
404 preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, title_cookie, NULL);
405 handle_windowname_change_legacy(NULL, conn, 0, new->child, WM_NAME, preply);
407 preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, class_cookie, NULL);
408 handle_windowclass_change(NULL, conn, 0, new->child, WM_CLASS, preply);
410 /* if WM_CLIENT_LEADER is set, we put the new window on the
411 * same window as its leader. This might be overwritten by
412 * assignments afterwards. */
413 if (new->leader != XCB_NONE) {
414 DLOG("client->leader is set (to 0x%08x)\n", new->leader);
415 Client *parent = table_get(&by_child, new->leader);
416 if (parent != NULL && parent->container != NULL) {
417 Workspace *t_ws = parent->workspace;
418 new->container = t_ws->table[parent->container->col][parent->container->row];
419 new->workspace = t_ws;
420 old_focused = new->container->currently_focused;
421 map_frame = workspace_is_visible(t_ws);
423 /* This is a little tricky: we cannot use
424 * workspace_update_urgent_flag() because the
425 * new window was not yet inserted into the
426 * focus stack on t_ws. */
429 DLOG("parent is not usable\n");
433 struct Assignment *assign;
434 TAILQ_FOREACH(assign, &assignments, assignments) {
435 if (get_matching_client(conn, assign->windowclass_title, new) == NULL)
438 if (assign->floating == ASSIGN_FLOATING_ONLY ||
439 assign->floating == ASSIGN_FLOATING) {
440 new->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_ON;
441 LOG("Assignment matches, putting client into floating mode\n");
442 if (assign->floating == ASSIGN_FLOATING_ONLY)
446 LOG("Assignment \"%s\" matches, so putting it on workspace %d\n",
447 assign->windowclass_title, assign->workspace);
449 if (c_ws->output->current_workspace->num == (assign->workspace-1)) {
450 DLOG("We are already there, no need to do anything\n");
454 DLOG("Changing container/workspace and unmapping the client\n");
455 Workspace *t_ws = workspace_get(assign->workspace-1);
456 workspace_initialize(t_ws, c_ws->output, false);
458 new->container = t_ws->table[t_ws->current_col][t_ws->current_row];
459 new->workspace = t_ws;
460 old_focused = new->container->currently_focused;
462 map_frame = workspace_is_visible(t_ws);
468 if (client_is_floating(new)) {
469 SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&(new->workspace->focus_stack), new, focus_clients);
471 /* Add the client to the list of floating clients for its workspace */
472 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(new->workspace->floating_clients), new, floating_clients);
474 new->container = NULL;
476 new->rect.width = new->floating_rect.width + 2 + 2;
477 new->rect.height = new->floating_rect.height + (font->height + 2 + 2) + 2;
479 /* Some clients (like GIMP’s color picker window) get mapped
480 * to (0, 0), so we push them to a reasonable position
481 * (centered over their leader) */
482 if (new->leader != 0 && x == 0 && y == 0) {
483 DLOG("Floating client wants to (0x0), moving it over its leader instead\n");
484 Client *leader = table_get(&by_child, new->leader);
485 if (leader == NULL) {
486 DLOG("leader is NULL, centering it over current workspace\n");
488 x = c_ws->rect.x + (c_ws->rect.width / 2) - (new->rect.width / 2);
489 y = c_ws->rect.y + (c_ws->rect.height / 2) - (new->rect.height / 2);
491 x = leader->rect.x + (leader->rect.width / 2) - (new->rect.width / 2);
492 y = leader->rect.y + (leader->rect.height / 2) - (new->rect.height / 2);
495 new->floating_rect.x = new->rect.x = x;
496 new->floating_rect.y = new->rect.y = y;
497 DLOG("copying floating_rect from tiling (%d, %d) size (%d, %d)\n",
498 new->floating_rect.x, new->floating_rect.y,
499 new->floating_rect.width, new->floating_rect.height);
500 DLOG("outer rect (%d, %d) size (%d, %d)\n",
501 new->rect.x, new->rect.y, new->rect.width, new->rect.height);
503 /* Make sure it is on top of the other windows */
504 xcb_raise_window(conn, new->frame);
505 reposition_client(conn, new);
506 resize_client(conn, new);
507 /* redecorate_window flushes */
508 redecorate_window(conn, new);
511 new->initialized = true;
517 /* Map the window first to avoid flickering */
518 xcb_map_window(conn, child);
520 client_map(conn, new);
522 if ((CUR_CELL->workspace->fullscreen_client == NULL || new->fullscreen) && !new->dock) {
523 /* Focus the new window if we’re not in fullscreen mode and if it is not a dock window */
524 if ((new->workspace->fullscreen_client == NULL) || new->fullscreen) {
525 if (!client_is_floating(new)) {
526 new->container->currently_focused = new;
528 render_container(conn, new->container);
530 if (new->container == CUR_CELL || client_is_floating(new)) {
531 xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_POINTER_ROOT, new->child, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
532 ewmh_update_active_window(new->child);