4 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
6 * © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors
8 * See file LICENSE for license information.
10 * src/manage.c: Contains all functions for initially managing new windows
11 * (or existing ones on restart).
19 #include <xcb/xcb_icccm.h>
34 * Go through all existing windows (if the window manager is restarted) and manage them
37 void manage_existing_windows(xcb_connection_t *conn, xcb_property_handlers_t *prophs, xcb_window_t root) {
38 xcb_query_tree_reply_t *reply;
40 xcb_window_t *children;
41 xcb_get_window_attributes_cookie_t *cookies;
43 /* Get the tree of windows whose parent is the root window (= all) */
44 if ((reply = xcb_query_tree_reply(conn, xcb_query_tree(conn, root), 0)) == NULL)
47 len = xcb_query_tree_children_length(reply);
48 cookies = smalloc(len * sizeof(*cookies));
50 /* Request the window attributes for every window */
51 children = xcb_query_tree_children(reply);
52 for(i = 0; i < len; ++i)
53 cookies[i] = xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, children[i]);
55 /* Call manage_window with the attributes for every window */
56 for(i = 0; i < len; ++i)
57 manage_window(prophs, conn, children[i], cookies[i], true);
64 * Do some sanity checks and then reparent the window.
67 void manage_window(xcb_property_handlers_t *prophs, xcb_connection_t *conn,
68 xcb_window_t window, xcb_get_window_attributes_cookie_t cookie,
69 bool needs_to_be_mapped) {
70 LOG("managing window.\n");
71 xcb_drawable_t d = { window };
72 xcb_get_geometry_cookie_t geomc;
73 xcb_get_geometry_reply_t *geom;
74 xcb_get_window_attributes_reply_t *attr = 0;
76 geomc = xcb_get_geometry(conn, d);
78 /* Check if the window is mapped (it could be not mapped when intializing and
79 calling manage_window() for every window) */
80 if ((attr = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn, cookie, 0)) == NULL) {
81 LOG("Could not get attributes\n");
85 if (needs_to_be_mapped && attr->map_state != XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE) {
86 LOG("Window not mapped, not managing\n");
90 /* Don’t manage clients with the override_redirect flag */
91 if (attr->override_redirect) {
92 LOG("override_redirect set, not managing\n");
96 /* Check if the window is already managed */
97 if (table_get(&by_child, window))
100 /* Get the initial geometry (position, size, …) */
101 if ((geom = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, geomc, 0)) == NULL)
104 /* Reparent the window and add it to our list of managed windows */
105 reparent_window(conn, window, attr->visual, geom->root, geom->depth,
106 geom->x, geom->y, geom->width, geom->height);
108 /* Generate callback events for every property we watch */
109 xcb_property_changed(prophs, XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE, window, WM_CLASS);
110 xcb_property_changed(prophs, XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE, window, WM_NAME);
111 xcb_property_changed(prophs, XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE, window, WM_NORMAL_HINTS);
112 xcb_property_changed(prophs, XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE, window, WM_TRANSIENT_FOR);
113 xcb_property_changed(prophs, XCB_PROPERTY_NEW_VALUE, window, atoms[_NET_WM_NAME]);
122 * reparent_window() gets called when a new window was opened and becomes a child of the root
123 * window, or it gets called by us when we manage the already existing windows at startup.
125 * Essentially, this is the point where we take over control.
128 void reparent_window(xcb_connection_t *conn, xcb_window_t child,
129 xcb_visualid_t visual, xcb_window_t root, uint8_t depth,
130 int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t width, uint16_t height) {
132 xcb_get_property_cookie_t wm_type_cookie, strut_cookie, state_cookie,
133 utf8_title_cookie, title_cookie, class_cookie;
136 uint16_t original_height = height;
138 /* We are interested in property changes */
139 mask = XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
140 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
141 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, child, mask, values);
143 /* Place requests for properties ASAP */
144 wm_type_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE], UINT32_MAX);
145 strut_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, atoms[_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL], UINT32_MAX);
146 state_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, atoms[_NET_WM_STATE], UINT32_MAX);
147 utf8_title_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, atoms[_NET_WM_NAME], 128);
148 title_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, WM_NAME, 128);
149 class_cookie = xcb_get_any_property_unchecked(conn, false, child, WM_CLASS, 128);
151 Client *new = table_get(&by_child, child);
153 /* Events for already managed windows should already be filtered in manage_window() */
156 LOG("reparenting new client\n");
157 LOG("x = %d, y = %d, width = %d, height = %d\n", x, y, width, height);
158 new = calloc(sizeof(Client), 1);
159 new->force_reconfigure = true;
161 /* Update the data structures */
162 Client *old_focused = CUR_CELL->currently_focused;
164 new->container = CUR_CELL;
165 new->workspace = new->container->workspace;
167 /* Minimum useful size for managed windows is 75x50 (primarily affects floating) */
168 width = max(width, 75);
169 height = max(height, 50);
171 new->frame = xcb_generate_id(conn);
173 new->rect.width = width;
174 new->rect.height = height;
175 /* Pre-initialize the values for floating */
176 new->floating_rect.x = -1;
177 new->floating_rect.width = width;
178 new->floating_rect.height = height;
182 /* Don’t generate events for our new window, it should *not* be managed */
183 mask |= XCB_CW_OVERRIDE_REDIRECT;
186 /* We want to know when… */
187 mask |= XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
188 values[1] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK;
190 LOG("Reparenting 0x%08x under 0x%08x.\n", child, new->frame);
192 i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
193 width = min(width, c_ws->rect.x + c_ws->rect.width);
194 height = min(height, c_ws->rect.y + c_ws->rect.height);
196 Rect framerect = {x, y,
197 width + 2 + 2, /* 2 px border at each side */
198 height + 2 + 2 + font->height}; /* 2 px border plus font’s height */
200 /* Yo dawg, I heard you like windows, so I create a window around your window… */
201 new->frame = create_window(conn, framerect, XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT, XCB_CURSOR_LEFT_PTR, false, mask, values);
203 /* Set WM_STATE_NORMAL because GTK applications don’t want to drag & drop if we don’t.
204 * Also, xprop(1) needs that to work. */
205 long data[] = { XCB_WM_STATE_NORMAL, XCB_NONE };
206 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, new->child, atoms[WM_STATE], atoms[WM_STATE], 32, 2, data);
208 /* Put the client inside the save set. Upon termination (whether killed or normal exit
209 does not matter) of the window manager, these clients will be correctly reparented
210 to their most closest living ancestor (= cleanup) */
211 xcb_change_save_set(conn, XCB_SET_MODE_INSERT, child);
213 /* Generate a graphics context for the titlebar */
214 new->titlegc = xcb_generate_id(conn);
215 xcb_create_gc(conn, new->titlegc, new->frame, 0, 0);
217 /* Moves the original window into the new frame we've created for it */
218 new->awaiting_useless_unmap = true;
219 xcb_void_cookie_t cookie = xcb_reparent_window_checked(conn, child, new->frame, 0, font->height);
220 if (xcb_request_check(conn, cookie) != NULL) {
221 LOG("Could not reparent the window, aborting\n");
222 xcb_destroy_window(conn, new->frame);
227 /* Put our data structure (Client) into the table */
228 table_put(&by_parent, new->frame, new);
229 table_put(&by_child, child, new);
231 /* We need to grab the mouse buttons for click to focus */
232 xcb_grab_button(conn, false, child, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
233 XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
234 1 /* left mouse button */,
235 XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY /* don’t filter for any modifiers */);
237 xcb_grab_button(conn, false, child, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
238 XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
239 1 /* left mouse button */, XCB_MOD_MASK_1);
241 /* Get _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE (to see if it’s a dock) */
243 xcb_get_property_reply_t *preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_type_cookie, NULL);
244 if (preply != NULL && preply->value_len > 0 && (atom = xcb_get_property_value(preply))) {
245 for (int i = 0; i < xcb_get_property_value_length(preply); i++)
246 if (atom[i] == atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK]) {
247 LOG("Window is a dock.\n");
249 new->titlebar_position = TITLEBAR_OFF;
250 new->force_reconfigure = true;
251 new->container = NULL;
252 SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&(c_ws->screen->dock_clients), new, dock_clients);
253 /* If it’s a dock we can’t make it float, so we break */
255 } else if (atom[i] == atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG] ||
256 atom[i] == atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY] ||
257 atom[i] == atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR] ||
258 atom[i] == atoms[_NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH]) {
259 /* Set the dialog window to automatically floating, will be used below */
260 new->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_ON;
261 LOG("dialog/utility/toolbar/splash window, automatically floating\n");
265 if (new->workspace->auto_float) {
266 new->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_ON;
267 LOG("workspace is in autofloat mode, setting floating\n");
271 /* Get _NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL to determine the client’s requested height */
273 preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, strut_cookie, NULL);
274 if (preply != NULL && preply->value_len > 0 && (strut = xcb_get_property_value(preply))) {
275 /* We only use a subset of the provided values, namely the reserved space at the top/bottom
276 of the screen. This is because the only possibility for bars is at to be at the top/bottom
277 with maximum horizontal size.
278 TODO: bars at the top */
279 new->desired_height = strut[3];
280 if (new->desired_height == 0) {
281 LOG("Client wanted to be 0 pixels high, using the window's height (%d)\n", original_height);
282 new->desired_height = original_height;
284 LOG("the client wants to be %d pixels high\n", new->desired_height);
286 LOG("The client didn't specify space to reserve at the screen edge, using its height (%d)\n", original_height);
287 new->desired_height = original_height;
290 /* If it’s not a dock, we can check on which workspace we should put it. */
292 /* Firstly, we need to get the window’s class / title. We asked for the properties at the
293 * top of this function, get them now and pass them to our callback function for window class / title
294 * changes. It is important that the client was already inserted into the by_child table,
295 * because the callbacks won’t work otherwise. */
296 preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, utf8_title_cookie, NULL);
297 handle_windowname_change(NULL, conn, 0, new->child, atoms[_NET_WM_NAME], preply);
299 preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, title_cookie, NULL);
300 handle_windowname_change_legacy(NULL, conn, 0, new->child, WM_NAME, preply);
302 preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, class_cookie, NULL);
303 handle_windowclass_change(NULL, conn, 0, new->child, WM_CLASS, preply);
305 LOG("DEBUG: should have all infos now\n");
306 struct Assignment *assign;
307 TAILQ_FOREACH(assign, &assignments, assignments) {
308 if (get_matching_client(conn, assign->windowclass_title, new) == NULL)
311 if (assign->floating == ASSIGN_FLOATING_ONLY ||
312 assign->floating == ASSIGN_FLOATING) {
313 new->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_ON;
314 LOG("Assignment matches, putting client into floating mode\n");
315 if (assign->floating == ASSIGN_FLOATING_ONLY)
319 LOG("Assignment \"%s\" matches, so putting it on workspace %d\n",
320 assign->windowclass_title, assign->workspace);
322 if (c_ws->screen->current_workspace == (assign->workspace-1)) {
323 LOG("We are already there, no need to do anything\n");
327 LOG("Changin container/workspace and unmapping the client\n");
328 Workspace *t_ws = &(workspaces[assign->workspace-1]);
329 if (t_ws->screen == NULL) {
330 LOG("initializing new workspace, setting num to %d\n", assign->workspace);
331 t_ws->screen = c_ws->screen;
332 /* Copy the dimensions from the virtual screen */
333 memcpy(&(t_ws->rect), &(t_ws->screen->rect), sizeof(Rect));
336 new->container = t_ws->table[t_ws->current_col][t_ws->current_row];
337 new->workspace = t_ws;
338 old_focused = new->container->currently_focused;
340 xcb_unmap_window(conn, new->frame);
345 if (CUR_CELL->workspace->fullscreen_client != NULL) {
346 if (new->container == CUR_CELL) {
347 /* If we are in fullscreen, we should lower the window to not be annoying */
348 uint32_t values[] = { XCB_STACK_MODE_BELOW };
349 xcb_configure_window(conn, new->frame, XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE, values);
353 /* Insert into the currently active container, if it’s not a dock window */
354 if (!new->dock && !client_is_floating(new)) {
355 /* Insert after the old active client, if existing. If it does not exist, the
356 container is empty and it does not matter, where we insert it */
357 if (old_focused != NULL && !old_focused->dock)
358 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER(&(new->container->clients), old_focused, new, clients);
359 else CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(new->container->clients), new, clients);
361 if (new->container->workspace->fullscreen_client != NULL)
362 SLIST_INSERT_AFTER(new->container->workspace->fullscreen_client, new, focus_clients);
363 else SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&(new->container->workspace->focus_stack), new, focus_clients);
365 client_set_below_floating(conn, new);
368 if (client_is_floating(new)) {
369 SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&(new->workspace->focus_stack), new, focus_clients);
371 /* Add the client to the list of floating clients for its workspace */
372 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(new->workspace->floating_clients), new, floating_clients);
374 new->container = NULL;
376 new->floating_rect.x = new->rect.x = x;
377 new->floating_rect.y = new->rect.y = y;
378 new->rect.width = new->floating_rect.width + 2 + 2;
379 new->rect.height = new->floating_rect.height + (font->height + 2 + 2) + 2;
380 LOG("copying floating_rect from tiling (%d, %d) size (%d, %d)\n",
381 new->floating_rect.x, new->floating_rect.y,
382 new->floating_rect.width, new->floating_rect.height);
383 LOG("outer rect (%d, %d) size (%d, %d)\n",
384 new->rect.x, new->rect.y, new->rect.width, new->rect.height);
386 /* Make sure it is on top of the other windows */
387 xcb_raise_window(conn, new->frame);
388 reposition_client(conn, new);
389 resize_client(conn, new);
390 /* redecorate_window flushes */
391 redecorate_window(conn, new);
394 new->initialized = true;
396 /* Check if the window already got the fullscreen hint set */
398 if ((preply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, state_cookie, NULL)) != NULL &&
399 (state = xcb_get_property_value(preply)) != NULL)
400 /* Check all set _NET_WM_STATEs */
401 for (int i = 0; i < xcb_get_property_value_length(preply); i++) {
402 if (state[i] != atoms[_NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN])
404 /* If the window got the fullscreen state, we just toggle fullscreen
405 and don’t event bother to redraw the layout – that would not change
407 client_toggle_fullscreen(conn, new);
413 /* Map the window first to avoid flickering */
414 xcb_map_window(conn, new->frame);
415 xcb_map_window(conn, child);
416 if (CUR_CELL->workspace->fullscreen_client == NULL && !new->dock) {
417 /* Focus the new window if we’re not in fullscreen mode and if it is not a dock window */
418 if (new->workspace->fullscreen_client == NULL) {
419 if (!client_is_floating(new))
420 new->container->currently_focused = new;
421 if (new->container == CUR_CELL || client_is_floating(new))
422 xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_POINTER_ROOT, new->child, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);