2 #define I3__FILE__ "manage.c"
4 * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
6 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
7 * © 2009-2012 Michael Stapelberg and contributors (see also: LICENSE)
9 * manage.c: Initially managing new windows (or existing ones on restart).
15 * Go through all existing windows (if the window manager is restarted) and manage them
18 void manage_existing_windows(xcb_window_t root) {
19 xcb_query_tree_reply_t *reply;
21 xcb_window_t *children;
22 xcb_get_window_attributes_cookie_t *cookies;
24 /* Get the tree of windows whose parent is the root window (= all) */
25 if ((reply = xcb_query_tree_reply(conn, xcb_query_tree(conn, root), 0)) == NULL)
28 len = xcb_query_tree_children_length(reply);
29 cookies = smalloc(len * sizeof(*cookies));
31 /* Request the window attributes for every window */
32 children = xcb_query_tree_children(reply);
33 for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
34 cookies[i] = xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, children[i]);
36 /* Call manage_window with the attributes for every window */
37 for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
38 manage_window(children[i], cookies[i], true);
45 * Restores the geometry of each window by reparenting it to the root window
46 * at the position of its frame.
48 * This is to be called *only* before exiting/restarting i3 because of evil
49 * side-effects which are to be expected when continuing to run i3.
52 void restore_geometry(void) {
53 DLOG("Restoring geometry\n");
56 TAILQ_FOREACH(con, &all_cons, all_cons)
58 DLOG("Re-adding X11 border of %d px\n", con->border_width);
59 con->window_rect.width += (2 * con->border_width);
60 con->window_rect.height += (2 * con->border_width);
61 xcb_set_window_rect(conn, con->window->id, con->window_rect);
62 DLOG("placing window %08x at %d %d\n", con->window->id, con->rect.x, con->rect.y);
63 xcb_reparent_window(conn, con->window->id, root,
64 con->rect.x, con->rect.y);
67 /* Strictly speaking, this line doesn’t really belong here, but since we
68 * are syncing, let’s un-register as a window manager first */
69 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, root, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, (uint32_t[]){ XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_REDIRECT });
71 /* Make sure our changes reach the X server, we restart/exit now */
76 * Do some sanity checks and then reparent the window.
79 void manage_window(xcb_window_t window, xcb_get_window_attributes_cookie_t cookie,
80 bool needs_to_be_mapped) {
81 xcb_drawable_t d = { window };
82 xcb_get_geometry_cookie_t geomc;
83 xcb_get_geometry_reply_t *geom;
84 xcb_get_window_attributes_reply_t *attr = NULL;
86 xcb_get_property_cookie_t wm_type_cookie, strut_cookie, state_cookie,
87 utf8_title_cookie, title_cookie,
88 class_cookie, leader_cookie, transient_cookie,
89 role_cookie, startup_id_cookie, wm_hints_cookie;
92 geomc = xcb_get_geometry(conn, d);
93 #define FREE_GEOMETRY() do { \
94 if ((geom = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, geomc, 0)) != NULL) \
98 /* Check if the window is mapped (it could be not mapped when intializing and
99 calling manage_window() for every window) */
100 if ((attr = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn, cookie, 0)) == NULL) {
101 DLOG("Could not get attributes\n");
106 if (needs_to_be_mapped && attr->map_state != XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE) {
111 /* Don’t manage clients with the override_redirect flag */
112 if (attr->override_redirect) {
117 /* Check if the window is already managed */
118 if (con_by_window_id(window) != NULL) {
119 DLOG("already managed (by con %p)\n", con_by_window_id(window));
124 /* Get the initial geometry (position, size, …) */
125 if ((geom = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, geomc, 0)) == NULL) {
126 DLOG("could not get geometry\n");
132 /* Set a temporary event mask for the new window, consisting only of
133 * PropertyChange and StructureNotify. We need to be notified of
134 * PropertyChanges because the client can change its properties *after* we
135 * requested them but *before* we actually reparented it and have set our
137 * We need StructureNotify because the client may unmap the window before
138 * we get to re-parent it.
139 * If this request fails, we assume the client has already unmapped the
140 * window between the MapRequest and our event mask change. */
141 values[0] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_PROPERTY_CHANGE |
142 XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
143 xcb_void_cookie_t event_mask_cookie =
144 xcb_change_window_attributes_checked(conn, window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
145 if (xcb_request_check(conn, event_mask_cookie) != NULL) {
146 LOG("Could not change event mask, the window probably already disappeared.\n");
150 #define GET_PROPERTY(atom, len) xcb_get_property(conn, false, window, atom, XCB_GET_PROPERTY_TYPE_ANY, 0, len)
152 wm_type_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE, UINT32_MAX);
153 strut_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL, UINT32_MAX);
154 state_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_STATE, UINT32_MAX);
155 utf8_title_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_NAME, 128);
156 leader_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A_WM_CLIENT_LEADER, UINT32_MAX);
157 transient_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(XCB_ATOM_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR, UINT32_MAX);
158 title_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(XCB_ATOM_WM_NAME, 128);
159 class_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(XCB_ATOM_WM_CLASS, 128);
160 role_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A_WM_WINDOW_ROLE, 128);
161 startup_id_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_STARTUP_ID, 512);
162 wm_hints_cookie = xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints(conn, window);
163 /* TODO: also get wm_normal_hints here. implement after we got rid of xcb-event */
165 DLOG("Managing window 0x%08x\n", window);
167 i3Window *cwindow = scalloc(sizeof(i3Window));
168 cwindow->id = window;
169 cwindow->depth = get_visual_depth(attr->visual);
171 /* We need to grab the mouse buttons for click to focus */
172 xcb_grab_button(conn, false, window, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
173 XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
174 1 /* left mouse button */,
175 XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY /* don’t filter for any modifiers */);
177 xcb_grab_button(conn, false, window, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
178 XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
179 2 /* middle mouse button */,
180 XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY /* don’t filter for any modifiers */);
182 xcb_grab_button(conn, false, window, XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS,
183 XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, root, XCB_NONE,
184 3 /* right mouse button */,
185 XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY /* don’t filter for any modifiers */);
187 /* update as much information as possible so far (some replies may be NULL) */
188 window_update_class(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, class_cookie, NULL), true);
189 window_update_name_legacy(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, title_cookie, NULL), true);
190 window_update_name(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, utf8_title_cookie, NULL), true);
191 window_update_leader(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, leader_cookie, NULL));
192 window_update_transient_for(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, transient_cookie, NULL));
193 window_update_strut_partial(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, strut_cookie, NULL));
194 window_update_role(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, role_cookie, NULL), true);
195 window_update_hints(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_hints_cookie, NULL));
197 xcb_get_property_reply_t *startup_id_reply;
198 startup_id_reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, startup_id_cookie, NULL);
199 char *startup_ws = startup_workspace_for_window(cwindow, startup_id_reply);
200 DLOG("startup workspace = %s\n", startup_ws);
202 /* check if the window needs WM_TAKE_FOCUS */
203 cwindow->needs_take_focus = window_supports_protocol(cwindow->id, A_WM_TAKE_FOCUS);
205 /* Where to start searching for a container that swallows the new one? */
206 Con *search_at = croot;
208 xcb_get_property_reply_t *reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_type_cookie, NULL);
209 if (xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK)) {
210 LOG("This window is of type dock\n");
211 Output *output = get_output_containing(geom->x, geom->y);
212 if (output != NULL) {
213 DLOG("Starting search at output %s\n", output->name);
214 search_at = output->con;
217 /* find out the desired position of this dock window */
218 if (cwindow->reserved.top > 0 && cwindow->reserved.bottom == 0) {
219 DLOG("Top dock client\n");
220 cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_TOP;
221 } else if (cwindow->reserved.top == 0 && cwindow->reserved.bottom > 0) {
222 DLOG("Bottom dock client\n");
223 cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_BOTTOM;
225 DLOG("Ignoring invalid reserved edges (_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL), using position as fallback:\n");
226 if (geom->y < (search_at->rect.height / 2)) {
227 DLOG("geom->y = %d < rect.height / 2 = %d, it is a top dock client\n",
228 geom->y, (search_at->rect.height / 2));
229 cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_TOP;
231 DLOG("geom->y = %d >= rect.height / 2 = %d, it is a bottom dock client\n",
232 geom->y, (search_at->rect.height / 2));
233 cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_BOTTOM;
238 DLOG("Initial geometry: (%d, %d, %d, %d)\n", geom->x, geom->y, geom->width, geom->height);
242 Assignment *assignment;
244 /* TODO: two matches for one container */
246 /* See if any container swallows this new window */
247 nc = con_for_window(search_at, cwindow, &match);
249 /* If not, check if it is assigned to a specific workspace / output */
250 if ((assignment = assignment_for(cwindow, A_TO_WORKSPACE | A_TO_OUTPUT))) {
251 DLOG("Assignment matches (%p)\n", match);
252 if (assignment->type == A_TO_WORKSPACE) {
253 nc = con_descend_tiling_focused(workspace_get(assignment->dest.workspace, NULL));
254 DLOG("focused on ws %s: %p / %s\n", assignment->dest.workspace, nc, nc->name);
255 if (nc->type == CT_WORKSPACE)
256 nc = tree_open_con(nc, cwindow);
257 else nc = tree_open_con(nc->parent, cwindow);
259 /* TODO: handle assignments with type == A_TO_OUTPUT */
260 } else if (startup_ws) {
261 /* If it’s not assigned, but was started on a specific workspace,
262 * we want to open it there */
263 DLOG("Using workspace on which this application was started (%s)\n", startup_ws);
264 nc = con_descend_tiling_focused(workspace_get(startup_ws, NULL));
265 DLOG("focused on ws %s: %p / %s\n", startup_ws, nc, nc->name);
266 if (nc->type == CT_WORKSPACE)
267 nc = tree_open_con(nc, cwindow);
268 else nc = tree_open_con(nc->parent, cwindow);
270 /* If not, insert it at the currently focused position */
271 if (focused->type == CT_CON && con_accepts_window(focused)) {
272 LOG("using current container, focused = %p, focused->name = %s\n",
273 focused, focused->name);
275 } else nc = tree_open_con(NULL, cwindow);
278 /* M_BELOW inserts the new window as a child of the one which was
279 * matched (e.g. dock areas) */
280 if (match != NULL && match->insert_where == M_BELOW) {
281 nc = tree_open_con(nc, cwindow);
285 DLOG("new container = %p\n", nc);
286 nc->window = cwindow;
289 nc->border_width = geom->border_width;
292 sasprintf(&name, "[i3 con] container around %p", cwindow);
293 x_set_name(nc, name);
296 Con *ws = con_get_workspace(nc);
297 Con *fs = (ws ? con_get_fullscreen_con(ws, CF_OUTPUT) : NULL);
299 fs = con_get_fullscreen_con(croot, CF_GLOBAL);
302 DLOG("Not in fullscreen mode, focusing\n");
303 if (!cwindow->dock) {
304 /* Check that the workspace is visible and on the same output as
305 * the current focused container. If the window was assigned to an
306 * invisible workspace, we should not steal focus. */
307 Con *current_output = con_get_output(focused);
308 Con *target_output = con_get_output(ws);
310 if (workspace_is_visible(ws) && current_output == target_output) {
311 if (!match || !match->restart_mode) {
313 } else DLOG("not focusing, matched with restart_mode == true\n");
314 } else DLOG("workspace not visible, not focusing\n");
315 } else DLOG("dock, not focusing\n");
317 DLOG("fs = %p, ws = %p, not focusing\n", fs, ws);
318 /* Insert the new container in focus stack *after* the currently
319 * focused (fullscreen) con. This way, the new container will be
320 * focused after we return from fullscreen mode */
321 Con *first = TAILQ_FIRST(&(nc->parent->focus_head));
323 /* We only modify the focus stack if the container is not already
324 * the first one. This can happen when existing containers swallow
325 * new windows, for example when restarting. */
326 TAILQ_REMOVE(&(nc->parent->focus_head), nc, focused);
327 TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&(nc->parent->focus_head), first, nc, focused);
331 /* set floating if necessary */
332 bool want_floating = false;
333 if (xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG) ||
334 xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY) ||
335 xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR) ||
336 xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH)) {
337 LOG("This window is a dialog window, setting floating\n");
338 want_floating = true;
343 if (cwindow->transient_for != XCB_NONE ||
344 (cwindow->leader != XCB_NONE &&
345 cwindow->leader != cwindow->id &&
346 con_by_window_id(cwindow->leader) != NULL)) {
347 LOG("This window is transient for another window, setting floating\n");
348 want_floating = true;
350 if (config.popup_during_fullscreen == PDF_LEAVE_FULLSCREEN &&
352 LOG("There is a fullscreen window, leaving fullscreen mode\n");
353 con_toggle_fullscreen(fs, CF_OUTPUT);
354 } else if (config.popup_during_fullscreen == PDF_SMART &&
356 fs->window != NULL &&
357 fs->window->id == cwindow->transient_for) {
358 LOG("This floating window belongs to the fullscreen window (popup_during_fullscreen == smart)\n");
363 /* dock clients cannot be floating, that makes no sense */
365 want_floating = false;
367 /* Store the requested geometry. The width/height gets raised to at least
368 * 75x50 when entering floating mode, which is the minimum size for a
369 * window to be useful (smaller windows are usually overlays/toolbars/…
370 * which are not managed by the wm anyways). We store the original geometry
371 * here because it’s used for dock clients. */
372 nc->geometry = (Rect){ geom->x, geom->y, geom->width, geom->height };
375 DLOG("geometry = %d x %d\n", nc->geometry.width, nc->geometry.height);
376 floating_enable(nc, true);
379 /* to avoid getting an UnmapNotify event due to reparenting, we temporarily
380 * declare no interest in any state change event of this window */
381 values[0] = XCB_NONE;
382 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
384 xcb_void_cookie_t rcookie = xcb_reparent_window_checked(conn, window, nc->frame, 0, 0);
385 if (xcb_request_check(conn, rcookie) != NULL) {
386 LOG("Could not reparent the window, aborting\n");
390 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK & ~XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW;
391 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
394 reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, state_cookie, NULL);
395 if (xcb_reply_contains_atom(reply, A__NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN))
396 con_toggle_fullscreen(nc, CF_OUTPUT);
400 /* Put the client inside the save set. Upon termination (whether killed or
401 * normal exit does not matter) of the window manager, these clients will
402 * be correctly reparented to their most closest living ancestor (=
404 xcb_change_save_set(conn, XCB_SET_MODE_INSERT, window);
406 /* Check if any assignments match */
407 run_assignments(cwindow);
409 /* 'ws' may be invalid because of the assignments, e.g. when the user uses
410 * "move window to workspace 1", but had it assigned to workspace 2. */
411 ws = con_get_workspace(nc);
413 /* If this window was put onto an invisible workspace (via assignments), we
414 * render this workspace. It wouldn’t be rendered in our normal code path
415 * because only the visible workspaces get rendered.
417 * By rendering the workspace, we assign proper coordinates (read: not
418 * width=0, height=0) to the window, which is important for windows who
419 * actually use them to position their GUI elements, e.g. rhythmbox. */
420 if (ws && !workspace_is_visible(ws)) {
421 /* This is a bit hackish: we need to copy the content container’s rect
422 * to the workspace, because calling render_con() on the content
423 * container would also take the shortcut and not render the invisible
424 * workspace at all. However, just calling render_con() on the
425 * workspace isn’t enough either — it needs the rect. */
426 ws->rect = ws->parent->rect;
427 render_con(ws, true);