2 #define I3__FILE__ "x.c"
4 * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
6 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
7 * © 2009-2012 Michael Stapelberg and contributors (see also: LICENSE)
9 * x.c: Interface to X11, transfers our in-memory state to X11 (see also
10 * render.c). Basically a big state machine.
15 /* Stores the X11 window ID of the currently focused window */
16 xcb_window_t focused_id = XCB_NONE;
18 /* Because 'focused_id' might be reset to force input focus (after click to
19 * raise), we separately keep track of the X11 window ID to be able to always
20 * tell whether the focused window actually changed. */
21 static xcb_window_t last_focused = XCB_NONE;
23 /* Stores coordinates to warp mouse pointer to if set */
27 * Describes the X11 state we may modify (map state, position, window stack).
28 * There is one entry per container. The state represents the current situation
29 * as X11 sees it (with the exception of the order in the state_head CIRCLEQ,
30 * which represents the order that will be pushed to X11, while old_state_head
31 * represents the current order). It will be updated in x_push_changes().
34 typedef struct con_state {
40 /** The con for which this state is. */
43 /* For reparenting, we have a flag (need_reparent) and the X ID of the old
44 * frame this window was in. The latter is necessary because we need to
45 * ignore UnmapNotify events (by changing the window event mask). */
47 xcb_window_t old_frame;
56 CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(con_state) state;
57 CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(con_state) old_state;
58 TAILQ_ENTRY(con_state) initial_mapping_order;
61 CIRCLEQ_HEAD(state_head, con_state) state_head =
62 CIRCLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(state_head);
64 CIRCLEQ_HEAD(old_state_head, con_state) old_state_head =
65 CIRCLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(old_state_head);
67 TAILQ_HEAD(initial_mapping_head, con_state) initial_mapping_head =
68 TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(initial_mapping_head);
71 * Returns the container state for the given frame. This function always
72 * returns a container state (otherwise, there is a bug in the code and the
73 * container state of a container for which x_con_init() was not called was
77 static con_state *state_for_frame(xcb_window_t window) {
79 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(state, &state_head, state)
80 if (state->id == window)
83 /* TODO: better error handling? */
84 ELOG("No state found\n");
90 * Initializes the X11 part for the given container. Called exactly once for
91 * every container from con_new().
94 void x_con_init(Con *con, uint16_t depth) {
95 /* TODO: maybe create the window when rendering first? we could then even
96 * get the initial geometry right */
101 xcb_visualid_t visual = XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT;
102 xcb_colormap_t win_colormap = XCB_NONE;
103 if (depth != root_depth && depth != XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT) {
104 /* For custom visuals, we need to create a colormap before creating
105 * this window. It will be freed directly after creating the window. */
106 visual = get_visualid_by_depth(depth);
107 win_colormap = xcb_generate_id(conn);
108 xcb_create_colormap_checked(conn, XCB_COLORMAP_ALLOC_NONE, win_colormap, root, visual);
110 /* We explicitly set a background color and border color (even though we
111 * don’t even have a border) because the X11 server requires us to when
112 * using 32 bit color depths, see
113 * http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3645632 */
114 mask |= XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL;
115 values[0] = root_screen->black_pixel;
117 mask |= XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL;
118 values[1] = root_screen->black_pixel;
120 /* our own frames should not be managed */
121 mask |= XCB_CW_OVERRIDE_REDIRECT;
124 /* see include/xcb.h for the FRAME_EVENT_MASK */
125 mask |= XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
126 values[3] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK & ~XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW;
128 mask |= XCB_CW_COLORMAP;
129 values[4] = win_colormap;
131 /* our own frames should not be managed */
132 mask = XCB_CW_OVERRIDE_REDIRECT;
135 /* see include/xcb.h for the FRAME_EVENT_MASK */
136 mask |= XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
137 values[1] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK & ~XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW;
139 mask |= XCB_CW_COLORMAP;
140 values[2] = colormap;
143 Rect dims = { -15, -15, 10, 10 };
144 con->frame = create_window(conn, dims, depth, visual, XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT, XCURSOR_CURSOR_POINTER, false, mask, values);
146 if (win_colormap != XCB_NONE)
147 xcb_free_colormap(conn, win_colormap);
149 struct con_state *state = scalloc(sizeof(struct con_state));
150 state->id = con->frame;
151 state->mapped = false;
152 state->initial = true;
153 DLOG("Adding window 0x%08x to lists\n", state->id);
154 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(&state_head, state, state);
155 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(&old_state_head, state, old_state);
156 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&initial_mapping_head, state, initial_mapping_order);
157 DLOG("adding new state for window id 0x%08x\n", state->id);
161 * Re-initializes the associated X window state for this container. You have
162 * to call this when you assign a client to an empty container to ensure that
163 * its state gets updated correctly.
166 void x_reinit(Con *con) {
167 struct con_state *state;
169 if ((state = state_for_frame(con->frame)) == NULL) {
170 ELOG("window state not found\n");
174 DLOG("resetting state %p to initial\n", state);
175 state->initial = true;
176 state->child_mapped = false;
178 memset(&(state->window_rect), 0, sizeof(Rect));
182 * Reparents the child window of the given container (necessary for sticky
183 * containers). The reparenting happens in the next call of x_push_changes().
186 void x_reparent_child(Con *con, Con *old) {
187 struct con_state *state;
188 if ((state = state_for_frame(con->frame)) == NULL) {
189 ELOG("window state for con not found\n");
193 state->need_reparent = true;
194 state->old_frame = old->frame;
198 * Moves a child window from Container src to Container dest.
201 void x_move_win(Con *src, Con *dest) {
202 struct con_state *state_src, *state_dest;
204 if ((state_src = state_for_frame(src->frame)) == NULL) {
205 ELOG("window state for src not found\n");
209 if ((state_dest = state_for_frame(dest->frame)) == NULL) {
210 ELOG("window state for dest not found\n");
214 state_dest->con = state_src->con;
215 state_src->con = NULL;
217 Rect zero = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
218 if (memcmp(&(state_dest->window_rect), &(zero), sizeof(Rect)) == 0) {
219 memcpy(&(state_dest->window_rect), &(state_src->window_rect), sizeof(Rect));
220 DLOG("COPYING RECT\n");
225 * Kills the window decoration associated with the given container.
228 void x_con_kill(Con *con) {
231 xcb_destroy_window(conn, con->frame);
232 xcb_free_pixmap(conn, con->pixmap);
233 xcb_free_gc(conn, con->pm_gc);
234 state = state_for_frame(con->frame);
235 CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&state_head, state, state);
236 CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&old_state_head, state, old_state);
237 TAILQ_REMOVE(&initial_mapping_head, state, initial_mapping_order);
241 /* Invalidate focused_id to correctly focus new windows with the same ID */
242 focused_id = last_focused = XCB_NONE;
246 * Returns true if the client supports the given protocol atom (like WM_DELETE_WINDOW)
249 bool window_supports_protocol(xcb_window_t window, xcb_atom_t atom) {
250 xcb_get_property_cookie_t cookie;
251 xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_t protocols;
254 cookie = xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols(conn, window, A_WM_PROTOCOLS);
255 if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply(conn, cookie, &protocols, NULL) != 1)
258 /* Check if the client’s protocols have the requested atom set */
259 for (uint32_t i = 0; i < protocols.atoms_len; i++)
260 if (protocols.atoms[i] == atom)
263 xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_wipe(&protocols);
269 * Kills the given X11 window using WM_DELETE_WINDOW (if supported).
272 void x_window_kill(xcb_window_t window, kill_window_t kill_window) {
273 /* if this window does not support WM_DELETE_WINDOW, we kill it the hard way */
274 if (!window_supports_protocol(window, A_WM_DELETE_WINDOW)) {
275 if (kill_window == KILL_WINDOW) {
276 LOG("Killing specific window 0x%08x\n", window);
277 xcb_destroy_window(conn, window);
279 LOG("Killing the X11 client which owns window 0x%08x\n", window);
280 xcb_kill_client(conn, window);
285 /* Every X11 event is 32 bytes long. Therefore, XCB will copy 32 bytes.
286 * In order to properly initialize these bytes, we allocate 32 bytes even
287 * though we only need less for an xcb_configure_notify_event_t */
288 void *event = scalloc(32);
289 xcb_client_message_event_t *ev = event;
291 ev->response_type = XCB_CLIENT_MESSAGE;
293 ev->type = A_WM_PROTOCOLS;
295 ev->data.data32[0] = A_WM_DELETE_WINDOW;
296 ev->data.data32[1] = XCB_CURRENT_TIME;
298 LOG("Sending WM_DELETE to the client\n");
299 xcb_send_event(conn, false, window, XCB_EVENT_MASK_NO_EVENT, (char*)ev);
305 * Draws the decoration of the given container onto its parent.
308 void x_draw_decoration(Con *con) {
309 Con *parent = con->parent;
310 bool leaf = con_is_leaf(con);
312 /* This code needs to run for:
314 * • non-leaf containers which are in a stacked/tabbed container
316 * It does not need to run for:
317 * • direct children of outputs or dockareas
318 * • floating containers (they don’t have a decoration)
321 parent->layout != L_STACKED &&
322 parent->layout != L_TABBED) ||
323 parent->type == CT_OUTPUT ||
324 parent->type == CT_DOCKAREA ||
325 con->type == CT_FLOATING_CON)
328 /* Skip containers whose height is 0 (for example empty dockareas) */
329 if (con->rect.height == 0)
332 /* Skip containers whose pixmap has not yet been created (can happen when
333 * decoration rendering happens recursively for a window for which
334 * x_push_node() was not yet called) */
335 if (leaf && con->pixmap == XCB_NONE)
338 /* 1: build deco_params and compare with cache */
339 struct deco_render_params *p = scalloc(sizeof(struct deco_render_params));
341 /* find out which colors to use */
343 p->color = &config.client.urgent;
344 else if (con == focused || con_inside_focused(con))
345 p->color = &config.client.focused;
346 else if (con == TAILQ_FIRST(&(parent->focus_head)))
347 p->color = &config.client.focused_inactive;
349 p->color = &config.client.unfocused;
351 p->border_style = con_border_style(con);
353 Rect *r = &(con->rect);
354 Rect *w = &(con->window_rect);
355 p->con_rect = (struct width_height){ r->width, r->height };
356 p->con_window_rect = (struct width_height){ w->width, w->height };
357 p->con_deco_rect = con->deco_rect;
358 p->background = config.client.background;
359 p->con_is_leaf = con_is_leaf(con);
360 p->parent_layout = con->parent->layout;
362 if (con->deco_render_params != NULL &&
363 (con->window == NULL || !con->window->name_x_changed) &&
364 !parent->pixmap_recreated &&
365 !con->pixmap_recreated &&
366 memcmp(p, con->deco_render_params, sizeof(struct deco_render_params)) == 0) {
372 while ((next = TAILQ_NEXT(next, nodes))) {
373 FREE(next->deco_render_params);
376 FREE(con->deco_render_params);
377 con->deco_render_params = p;
379 if (con->window != NULL && con->window->name_x_changed)
380 con->window->name_x_changed = false;
382 parent->pixmap_recreated = false;
383 con->pixmap_recreated = false;
385 /* 2: draw the client.background, but only for the parts around the client_rect */
386 if (con->window != NULL) {
387 xcb_rectangle_t background[] = {
389 { 0, 0, r->width, w->y },
391 { 0, (w->y + w->height), r->width, r->height - (w->y + w->height) },
393 { 0, 0, w->x, r->height },
395 { w->x + w->width, 0, r->width - (w->x + w->width), r->height }
398 for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
399 DLOG("rect is (%d, %d) with %d x %d\n",
407 xcb_change_gc(conn, con->pm_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, (uint32_t[]) { config.client.background });
408 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, con->pixmap, con->pm_gc, sizeof(background) / sizeof(xcb_rectangle_t), background);
411 /* 3: draw a rectangle in border color around the client */
412 if (p->border_style != BS_NONE && p->con_is_leaf) {
413 /* We might hide some borders adjacent to the screen-edge */
414 adjacent_t borders_to_hide = ADJ_NONE;
415 borders_to_hide = con_adjacent_borders(con) & config.hide_edge_borders;
417 Rect br = con_border_style_rect(con);
419 DLOG("con->rect spans %d x %d\n", con->rect.width, con->rect.height);
420 DLOG("border_rect spans (%d, %d) with %d x %d\n", br.x, br.y, br.width, br.height);
421 DLOG("window_rect spans (%d, %d) with %d x %d\n", con->window_rect.x, con->window_rect.y, con->window_rect.width, con->window_rect.height);
424 /* These rectangles represents the border around the child window
425 * (left, bottom and right part). We don’t just fill the whole
426 * rectangle because some childs are not freely resizable and we want
427 * their background color to "shine through". */
428 xcb_change_gc(conn, con->pm_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, (uint32_t[]){ p->color->background });
429 if (!(borders_to_hide & ADJ_LEFT_SCREEN_EDGE)) {
430 xcb_rectangle_t leftline = { 0, 0, br.x, r->height };
431 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, con->pixmap, con->pm_gc, 1, &leftline);
433 if (!(borders_to_hide & ADJ_RIGHT_SCREEN_EDGE)) {
434 xcb_rectangle_t rightline = { r->width + br.width + br.x, 0, r->width, r->height };
435 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, con->pixmap, con->pm_gc, 1, &rightline);
437 if (!(borders_to_hide & ADJ_LOWER_SCREEN_EDGE)) {
438 xcb_rectangle_t bottomline = { 0, r->height + br.height + br.y, r->width, r->height };
439 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, con->pixmap, con->pm_gc, 1, &bottomline);
441 /* 1pixel border needs an additional line at the top */
442 if (p->border_style == BS_PIXEL && !(borders_to_hide & ADJ_UPPER_SCREEN_EDGE)) {
443 xcb_rectangle_t topline = { br.x, 0, con->rect.width + br.width + br.x, br.y };
444 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, con->pixmap, con->pm_gc, 1, &topline);
447 /* Highlight the side of the border at which the next window will be
448 * opened if we are rendering a single window within a split container
449 * (which is undistinguishable from a single window outside a split
450 * container otherwise. */
451 if (TAILQ_NEXT(con, nodes) == NULL &&
452 TAILQ_PREV(con, nodes_head, nodes) == NULL &&
453 con->parent->type != CT_FLOATING_CON) {
454 xcb_change_gc(conn, con->pm_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, (uint32_t[]){ p->color->indicator });
455 if (p->parent_layout == L_SPLITH)
456 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, con->pixmap, con->pm_gc, 1, (xcb_rectangle_t[]){
457 { r->width + br.width + br.x, br.y, r->width, r->height + br.height } });
458 else if (p->parent_layout == L_SPLITV)
459 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, con->pixmap, con->pm_gc, 1, (xcb_rectangle_t[]){
460 { br.x, r->height + br.height + br.y, r->width - (2 * br.x), r->height } });
465 /* if this is a borderless/1pixel window, we don’t need to render the
467 if (p->border_style != BS_NORMAL)
470 /* 4: paint the bar */
471 xcb_change_gc(conn, parent->pm_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, (uint32_t[]){ p->color->background });
472 xcb_rectangle_t drect = { con->deco_rect.x, con->deco_rect.y, con->deco_rect.width, con->deco_rect.height };
473 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, parent->pixmap, parent->pm_gc, 1, &drect);
475 /* 5: draw two unconnected horizontal lines in border color */
476 xcb_change_gc(conn, parent->pm_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, (uint32_t[]){ p->color->border });
477 Rect *dr = &(con->deco_rect);
480 if (parent->layout == L_TABBED) {
481 if (TAILQ_PREV(con, nodes_head, nodes) != NULL)
483 if (TAILQ_NEXT(con, nodes) != NULL)
486 xcb_segment_t segments[] = {
488 dr->x + dr->width - 1, dr->y },
490 { dr->x + deco_diff_l, dr->y + dr->height - 1,
491 dr->x - deco_diff_r + dr->width - 1, dr->y + dr->height - 1 }
493 xcb_poly_segment(conn, parent->pixmap, parent->pm_gc, 2, segments);
495 /* 6: draw the title */
496 set_font_colors(parent->pm_gc, p->color->text, p->color->background);
497 int text_offset_y = (con->deco_rect.height - config.font.height) / 2;
499 struct Window *win = con->window;
501 /* we have a split container which gets a representation
502 * of its children as title
505 char *tree = con_get_tree_representation(con);
506 sasprintf(&title, "i3: %s", tree);
509 draw_text_ascii(title,
510 parent->pixmap, parent->pm_gc,
511 con->deco_rect.x + 2, con->deco_rect.y + text_offset_y,
512 con->deco_rect.width - 2);
518 if (win->name == NULL)
521 int indent_level = 0,
523 Con *il_parent = parent;
524 if (il_parent->layout != L_STACKED) {
526 //DLOG("il_parent = %p, layout = %d\n", il_parent, il_parent->layout);
527 if (il_parent->layout == L_STACKED)
529 if (il_parent->type == CT_WORKSPACE || il_parent->type == CT_DOCKAREA || il_parent->type == CT_OUTPUT)
531 il_parent = il_parent->parent;
535 //DLOG("indent_level = %d, indent_mult = %d\n", indent_level, indent_mult);
536 int indent_px = (indent_level * 5) * indent_mult;
539 parent->pixmap, parent->pm_gc,
540 con->deco_rect.x + 2 + indent_px, con->deco_rect.y + text_offset_y,
541 con->deco_rect.width - 2 - indent_px);
544 /* Since we don’t clip the text at all, it might in some cases be painted
545 * on the border pixels on the right side of a window. Therefore, we draw
546 * the right border again after rendering the text (and the unconnected
547 * lines in border color). */
549 /* Draw a 1px separator line before and after every tab, so that tabs can
550 * be easily distinguished. */
551 if (parent->layout == L_TABBED) {
552 xcb_change_gc(conn, parent->pm_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, (uint32_t[]){ p->color->border });
554 xcb_change_gc(conn, parent->pm_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, (uint32_t[]){ p->color->background });
556 xcb_poly_line(conn, XCB_COORD_MODE_ORIGIN, parent->pixmap, parent->pm_gc, 6,
558 { dr->x + dr->width, dr->y },
559 { dr->x + dr->width, dr->y + dr->height },
560 { dr->x + dr->width - 1, dr->y },
561 { dr->x + dr->width - 1, dr->y + dr->height },
562 { dr->x, dr->y + dr->height },
566 xcb_change_gc(conn, parent->pm_gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, (uint32_t[]){ p->color->border });
567 xcb_poly_segment(conn, parent->pixmap, parent->pm_gc, 2, segments);
570 xcb_copy_area(conn, con->pixmap, con->frame, con->pm_gc, 0, 0, 0, 0, con->rect.width, con->rect.height);
574 * Recursively calls x_draw_decoration. This cannot be done in x_push_node
575 * because x_push_node uses focus order to recurse (see the comment above)
576 * while drawing the decoration needs to happen in the actual order.
579 void x_deco_recurse(Con *con) {
581 bool leaf = TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->nodes_head)) &&
582 TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->floating_head));
583 con_state *state = state_for_frame(con->frame);
586 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->nodes_head), nodes)
587 x_deco_recurse(current);
589 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->floating_head), floating_windows)
590 x_deco_recurse(current);
593 xcb_copy_area(conn, con->pixmap, con->frame, con->pm_gc, 0, 0, 0, 0, con->rect.width, con->rect.height);
596 if ((con->type != CT_ROOT && con->type != CT_OUTPUT) &&
597 (!leaf || con->mapped))
598 x_draw_decoration(con);
602 * This function pushes the properties of each node of the layout tree to
603 * X11 if they have changed (like the map state, position of the window, …).
604 * It recursively traverses all children of the given node.
607 void x_push_node(Con *con) {
610 Rect rect = con->rect;
612 //DLOG("Pushing changes for node %p / %s\n", con, con->name);
613 state = state_for_frame(con->frame);
615 if (state->name != NULL) {
616 DLOG("pushing name %s for con %p\n", state->name, con);
618 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, con->frame,
619 XCB_ATOM_WM_NAME, XCB_ATOM_STRING, 8, strlen(state->name), state->name);
623 if (con->window == NULL) {
624 /* Calculate the height of all window decorations which will be drawn on to
626 uint32_t max_y = 0, max_height = 0;
627 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
628 Rect *dr = &(current->deco_rect);
629 if (dr->y >= max_y && dr->height >= max_height) {
631 max_height = dr->height;
634 rect.height = max_y + max_height;
635 if (rect.height == 0)
639 /* reparent the child window (when the window was moved due to a sticky
641 if (state->need_reparent && con->window != NULL) {
642 DLOG("Reparenting child window\n");
644 /* Temporarily set the event masks to XCB_NONE so that we won’t get
645 * UnmapNotify events (otherwise the handler would close the container).
646 * These events are generated automatically when reparenting. */
647 uint32_t values[] = { XCB_NONE };
648 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->old_frame, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
649 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, con->window->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
651 xcb_reparent_window(conn, con->window->id, con->frame, 0, 0);
653 values[0] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK;
654 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->old_frame, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
655 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
656 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, con->window->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
658 state->old_frame = XCB_NONE;
659 state->need_reparent = false;
662 DLOG("ignore_unmap for reparenting of con %p (win 0x%08x) is now %d\n",
663 con, con->window->id, con->ignore_unmap);
666 bool fake_notify = false;
667 /* Set new position if rect changed (and if height > 0) */
668 if (memcmp(&(state->rect), &rect, sizeof(Rect)) != 0 &&
670 /* We first create the new pixmap, then render to it, set it as the
671 * background and only afterwards change the window size. This reduces
674 /* As the pixmap only depends on the size and not on the position, it
675 * is enough to check if width/height have changed. Also, we don’t
676 * create a pixmap at all when the window is actually not visible
677 * (height == 0) or when it is not needed. */
678 bool has_rect_changed = (state->rect.width != rect.width || state->rect.height != rect.height);
680 /* The pixmap of a borderless leaf container will not be used except
681 * for the titlebar in a stack or tabs (issue #1013). */
682 bool is_pixmap_needed = (con->border_style != BS_NONE ||
684 con->parent->layout == L_STACKED ||
685 con->parent->layout == L_TABBED);
687 /* Check if the container has an unneeded pixmap left over from
688 * previously having a border or titlebar. */
689 if (!is_pixmap_needed && con->pixmap != XCB_NONE) {
690 xcb_free_pixmap(conn, con->pixmap);
691 con->pixmap = XCB_NONE;
694 if (has_rect_changed && is_pixmap_needed) {
695 if (con->pixmap == 0) {
696 con->pixmap = xcb_generate_id(conn);
697 con->pm_gc = xcb_generate_id(conn);
699 xcb_free_pixmap(conn, con->pixmap);
700 xcb_free_gc(conn, con->pm_gc);
703 uint16_t win_depth = root_depth;
705 win_depth = con->window->depth;
707 xcb_create_pixmap(conn, win_depth, con->pixmap, con->frame, rect.width, rect.height);
709 /* For the graphics context, we disable GraphicsExposure events.
710 * Those will be sent when a CopyArea request cannot be fulfilled
711 * properly due to parts of the source being unmapped or otherwise
712 * unavailable. Since we always copy from pixmaps to windows, this
713 * is not a concern for us. */
714 uint32_t values[] = { 0 };
715 xcb_create_gc(conn, con->pm_gc, con->pixmap, XCB_GC_GRAPHICS_EXPOSURES, values);
717 con->pixmap_recreated = true;
719 /* Don’t render the decoration for windows inside a stack which are
720 * not visible right now */
722 con->parent->layout != L_STACKED ||
723 TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->parent->focus_head)) == con)
724 /* Render the decoration now to make the correct decoration visible
725 * from the very first moment. Later calls will be cached, so this
726 * doesn’t hurt performance. */
730 DLOG("setting rect (%d, %d, %d, %d)\n", rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);
731 /* flush to ensure that the following commands are sent in a single
732 * buffer and will be processed directly afterwards (the contents of a
733 * window get lost when resizing it, therefore we want to provide it as
734 * fast as possible) */
736 xcb_set_window_rect(conn, con->frame, rect);
737 if (con->pixmap != XCB_NONE)
738 xcb_copy_area(conn, con->pixmap, con->frame, con->pm_gc, 0, 0, 0, 0, con->rect.width, con->rect.height);
741 memcpy(&(state->rect), &rect, sizeof(Rect));
745 /* dito, but for child windows */
746 if (con->window != NULL &&
747 memcmp(&(state->window_rect), &(con->window_rect), sizeof(Rect)) != 0) {
748 DLOG("setting window rect (%d, %d, %d, %d)\n",
749 con->window_rect.x, con->window_rect.y, con->window_rect.width, con->window_rect.height);
750 xcb_set_window_rect(conn, con->window->id, con->window_rect);
751 memcpy(&(state->window_rect), &(con->window_rect), sizeof(Rect));
755 /* Map if map state changed, also ensure that the child window
756 * is changed if we are mapped and there is a new, unmapped child window.
757 * Unmaps are handled in x_push_node_unmaps(). */
758 if ((state->mapped != con->mapped || (con->window != NULL && !state->child_mapped)) &&
760 xcb_void_cookie_t cookie;
762 if (con->window != NULL) {
763 /* Set WM_STATE_NORMAL because GTK applications don’t want to
764 * drag & drop if we don’t. Also, xprop(1) needs it. */
765 long data[] = { XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL, XCB_NONE };
766 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, con->window->id,
767 A_WM_STATE, A_WM_STATE, 32, 2, data);
771 if (!state->child_mapped && con->window != NULL) {
772 cookie = xcb_map_window(conn, con->window->id);
774 /* We are interested in EnterNotifys as soon as the window is
776 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
777 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, con->window->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
778 DLOG("mapping child window (serial %d)\n", cookie.sequence);
779 state->child_mapped = true;
782 cookie = xcb_map_window(conn, con->frame);
784 values[0] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK;
785 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, con->frame, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
787 /* copy the pixmap contents to the frame window immediately after mapping */
788 if (con->pixmap != XCB_NONE)
789 xcb_copy_area(conn, con->pixmap, con->frame, con->pm_gc, 0, 0, 0, 0, con->rect.width, con->rect.height);
792 DLOG("mapping container %08x (serial %d)\n", con->frame, cookie.sequence);
793 state->mapped = con->mapped;
796 state->unmap_now = (state->mapped != con->mapped) && !con->mapped;
799 DLOG("Sending fake configure notify\n");
800 fake_absolute_configure_notify(con);
803 /* Handle all children and floating windows of this node. We recurse
804 * in focus order to display the focused client in a stack first when
805 * switching workspaces (reduces flickering). */
806 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->focus_head), focused)
807 x_push_node(current);
811 * Same idea as in x_push_node(), but this function only unmaps windows. It is
812 * necessary to split this up to handle new fullscreen clients properly: The
813 * new window needs to be mapped and focus needs to be set *before* the
814 * underlying windows are unmapped. Otherwise, focus will revert to the
815 * PointerRoot and will then be set to the new window, generating unnecessary
816 * FocusIn/FocusOut events.
819 static void x_push_node_unmaps(Con *con) {
823 //DLOG("Pushing changes (with unmaps) for node %p / %s\n", con, con->name);
824 state = state_for_frame(con->frame);
826 /* map/unmap if map state changed, also ensure that the child window
827 * is changed if we are mapped *and* in initial state (meaning the
828 * container was empty before, but now got a child) */
829 if (state->unmap_now) {
830 xcb_void_cookie_t cookie;
831 if (con->window != NULL) {
832 /* Set WM_STATE_WITHDRAWN, it seems like Java apps need it */
833 long data[] = { XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_WITHDRAWN, XCB_NONE };
834 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, con->window->id,
835 A_WM_STATE, A_WM_STATE, 32, 2, data);
838 cookie = xcb_unmap_window(conn, con->frame);
839 DLOG("unmapping container %p / %s (serial %d)\n", con, con->name, cookie.sequence);
840 /* we need to increase ignore_unmap for this container (if it
841 * contains a window) and for every window "under" this one which
842 * contains a window */
843 if (con->window != NULL) {
845 DLOG("ignore_unmap for con %p (frame 0x%08x) now %d\n", con, con->frame, con->ignore_unmap);
847 state->mapped = con->mapped;
850 /* handle all children and floating windows of this node */
851 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->nodes_head), nodes)
852 x_push_node_unmaps(current);
854 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->floating_head), floating_windows)
855 x_push_node_unmaps(current);
859 * Returns true if the given container is currently attached to its parent.
861 * TODO: Remove once #1185 has been fixed
863 static bool is_con_attached(Con *con) {
864 if (con->parent == NULL)
868 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->parent->nodes_head), nodes) {
877 * Pushes all changes (state of each node, see x_push_node() and the window
880 * NOTE: We need to push the stack first so that the windows have the correct
881 * stacking order. This is relevant for workspace switching where we map the
882 * windows because mapping may generate EnterNotify events. When they are
883 * generated in the wrong order, this will cause focus problems when switching
887 void x_push_changes(Con *con) {
889 xcb_query_pointer_cookie_t pointercookie;
891 /* If we need to warp later, we request the pointer position as soon as possible */
893 pointercookie = xcb_query_pointer(conn, root);
896 DLOG("-- PUSHING WINDOW STACK --\n");
897 //DLOG("Disabling EnterNotify\n");
898 uint32_t values[1] = { XCB_NONE };
899 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state) {
901 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
903 //DLOG("Done, EnterNotify disabled\n");
904 bool order_changed = false;
905 bool stacking_changed = false;
907 /* count first, necessary to (re)allocate memory for the bottom-to-top
908 * stack afterwards */
910 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state)
911 if (state->con && state->con->window)
914 /* The bottom-to-top window stack of all windows which are managed by i3.
915 * Used for x_get_window_stack(). */
916 static xcb_window_t *client_list_windows = NULL;
917 static int client_list_count = 0;
919 if (cnt != client_list_count) {
920 client_list_windows = srealloc(client_list_windows, sizeof(xcb_window_t) * cnt);
921 client_list_count = cnt;
924 xcb_window_t *walk = client_list_windows;
926 /* X11 correctly represents the stack if we push it from bottom to top */
927 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state) {
928 if (state->con && state->con->window)
929 memcpy(walk++, &(state->con->window->id), sizeof(xcb_window_t));
931 //DLOG("stack: 0x%08x\n", state->id);
932 con_state *prev = CIRCLEQ_PREV(state, state);
933 con_state *old_prev = CIRCLEQ_PREV(state, old_state);
934 if (prev != old_prev)
935 order_changed = true;
936 if ((state->initial || order_changed) && prev != CIRCLEQ_END(&state_head)) {
937 stacking_changed = true;
938 //DLOG("Stacking 0x%08x above 0x%08x\n", prev->id, state->id);
940 mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_SIBLING;
941 mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE;
942 uint32_t values[] = {state->id, XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE};
944 xcb_configure_window(conn, prev->id, mask, values);
946 state->initial = false;
949 /* If we re-stacked something (or a new window appeared), we need to update
950 * the _NET_CLIENT_LIST and _NET_CLIENT_LIST_STACKING hints */
951 if (stacking_changed) {
952 DLOG("Client list changed (%i clients)\n", cnt);
953 ewmh_update_client_list_stacking(client_list_windows, client_list_count);
955 walk = client_list_windows;
957 /* reorder by initial mapping */
958 TAILQ_FOREACH(state, &initial_mapping_head, initial_mapping_order) {
959 if (state->con && state->con->window)
960 *walk++ = state->con->window->id;
963 ewmh_update_client_list(client_list_windows, client_list_count);
966 DLOG("PUSHING CHANGES\n");
970 xcb_query_pointer_reply_t *pointerreply = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, pointercookie, NULL);
972 ELOG("Could not query pointer position, not warping pointer\n");
974 int mid_x = warp_to->x + (warp_to->width / 2);
975 int mid_y = warp_to->y + (warp_to->height / 2);
977 Output *current = get_output_containing(pointerreply->root_x, pointerreply->root_y);
978 Output *target = get_output_containing(mid_x, mid_y);
979 if (current != target) {
980 /* Ignore MotionNotify events generated by warping */
981 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, root, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, (uint32_t[]){ XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_REDIRECT });
982 xcb_warp_pointer(conn, XCB_NONE, root, 0, 0, 0, 0, mid_x, mid_y);
983 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, root, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, (uint32_t[]){ ROOT_EVENT_MASK });
989 //DLOG("Re-enabling EnterNotify\n");
990 values[0] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK;
991 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state) {
993 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
995 //DLOG("Done, EnterNotify re-enabled\n");
999 xcb_window_t to_focus = focused->frame;
1000 if (focused->window != NULL)
1001 to_focus = focused->window->id;
1003 if (focused_id != to_focus) {
1004 if (!focused->mapped) {
1005 DLOG("Not updating focus (to %p / %s), focused window is not mapped.\n", focused, focused->name);
1006 /* Invalidate focused_id to correctly focus new windows with the same ID */
1007 focused_id = XCB_NONE;
1009 if (focused->window != NULL &&
1010 focused->window->needs_take_focus &&
1011 focused->window->doesnt_accept_focus) {
1012 DLOG("Updating focus by sending WM_TAKE_FOCUS to window 0x%08x (focused: %p / %s)\n",
1013 to_focus, focused, focused->name);
1014 send_take_focus(to_focus, last_timestamp);
1016 if (to_focus != last_focused && is_con_attached(focused))
1017 ipc_send_window_event("focus", focused);
1019 DLOG("Updating focus (focused: %p / %s) to X11 window 0x%08x\n", focused, focused->name, to_focus);
1020 /* We remove XCB_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_CHANGE from the event mask to get
1021 * no focus change events for our own focus changes. We only want
1022 * these generated by the clients. */
1023 if (focused->window != NULL) {
1024 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK & ~(XCB_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_CHANGE);
1025 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, focused->window->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
1027 xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_POINTER_ROOT, to_focus, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
1028 if (focused->window != NULL) {
1029 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
1030 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, focused->window->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
1033 ewmh_update_active_window(to_focus);
1035 if (to_focus != XCB_NONE && to_focus != last_focused && focused->window != NULL && is_con_attached(focused))
1036 ipc_send_window_event("focus", focused);
1039 focused_id = last_focused = to_focus;
1043 if (focused_id == XCB_NONE) {
1044 DLOG("Still no window focused, better set focus to the root window\n");
1045 xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_POINTER_ROOT, root, XCB_CURRENT_TIME);
1050 DLOG("ENDING CHANGES\n");
1052 /* Disable EnterWindow events for windows which will be unmapped in
1053 * x_push_node_unmaps() now. Unmapping windows happens when switching
1054 * workspaces. We want to avoid getting EnterNotifies during that phase
1055 * because they would screw up our focus. One of these cases is having a
1056 * stack with two windows. If the first window is focused and gets
1057 * unmapped, the second one appears under the cursor and therefore gets an
1058 * EnterNotify event. */
1059 values[0] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK & ~XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW;
1060 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state) {
1061 if (!state->unmap_now)
1063 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
1066 /* Push all pending unmaps */
1067 x_push_node_unmaps(con);
1069 /* save the current stack as old stack */
1070 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(state, &state_head, state) {
1071 CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&old_state_head, state, old_state);
1072 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&old_state_head, state, old_state);
1074 //CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(state, &old_state_head, old_state) {
1075 // DLOG("old stack: 0x%08x\n", state->id);
1082 * Raises the specified container in the internal stack of X windows. The
1083 * next call to x_push_changes() will make the change visible in X11.
1086 void x_raise_con(Con *con) {
1088 state = state_for_frame(con->frame);
1089 //DLOG("raising in new stack: %p / %s / %s / xid %08x\n", con, con->name, con->window ? con->window->name_json : "", state->id);
1091 CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&state_head, state, state);
1092 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(&state_head, state, state);
1096 * Sets the WM_NAME property (so, no UTF8, but used only for debugging anyways)
1097 * of the given name. Used for properly tagging the windows for easily spotting
1098 * i3 windows in xwininfo -root -all.
1101 void x_set_name(Con *con, const char *name) {
1102 struct con_state *state;
1104 if ((state = state_for_frame(con->frame)) == NULL) {
1105 ELOG("window state not found\n");
1110 state->name = sstrdup(name);
1114 * Set up the I3_SHMLOG_PATH atom.
1117 void update_shmlog_atom() {
1118 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, root,
1119 A_I3_SHMLOG_PATH, A_UTF8_STRING, 8,
1120 strlen(shmlogname), shmlogname);
1124 * Sets up i3 specific atoms (I3_SOCKET_PATH and I3_CONFIG_PATH)
1127 void x_set_i3_atoms(void) {
1128 pid_t pid = getpid();
1129 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, root, A_I3_SOCKET_PATH, A_UTF8_STRING, 8,
1130 (current_socketpath == NULL ? 0 : strlen(current_socketpath)),
1131 current_socketpath);
1132 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, root, A_I3_PID, XCB_ATOM_CARDINAL, 32, 1, &pid);
1133 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, root, A_I3_CONFIG_PATH, A_UTF8_STRING, 8,
1134 strlen(current_configpath), current_configpath);
1135 update_shmlog_atom();
1139 * Set warp_to coordinates. This will trigger on the next call to
1143 void x_set_warp_to(Rect *rect)
1145 if (!config.disable_focus_follows_mouse)
1150 * Applies the given mask to the event mask of every i3 window decoration X11
1151 * window. This is useful to disable EnterNotify while resizing so that focus
1155 void x_mask_event_mask(uint32_t mask) {
1156 uint32_t values[] = { FRAME_EVENT_MASK & mask };
1159 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state) {
1161 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);