2 * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
4 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
5 * © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors (see also: LICENSE)
7 * x.c: Interface to X11, transfers our in-memory state to X11 (see also
8 * render.c). Basically a big state machine.
14 #define MAX(x, y) ((x) > (y) ? (x) : (y))
17 xcb_window_t ewmh_window;
19 /* Stores the X11 window ID of the currently focused window */
20 xcb_window_t focused_id = XCB_NONE;
22 /* Because 'focused_id' might be reset to force input focus, we separately keep
23 * track of the X11 window ID to be able to always tell whether the focused
24 * window actually changed. */
25 static xcb_window_t last_focused = XCB_NONE;
27 /* Stores coordinates to warp mouse pointer to if set */
31 * Describes the X11 state we may modify (map state, position, window stack).
32 * There is one entry per container. The state represents the current situation
33 * as X11 sees it (with the exception of the order in the state_head CIRCLEQ,
34 * which represents the order that will be pushed to X11, while old_state_head
35 * represents the current order). It will be updated in x_push_changes().
38 typedef struct con_state {
45 /** The con for which this state is. */
48 /* For reparenting, we have a flag (need_reparent) and the X ID of the old
49 * frame this window was in. The latter is necessary because we need to
50 * ignore UnmapNotify events (by changing the window event mask). */
52 xcb_window_t old_frame;
61 CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(con_state) state;
62 CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(con_state) old_state;
63 TAILQ_ENTRY(con_state) initial_mapping_order;
66 CIRCLEQ_HEAD(state_head, con_state) state_head =
67 CIRCLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(state_head);
69 CIRCLEQ_HEAD(old_state_head, con_state) old_state_head =
70 CIRCLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(old_state_head);
72 TAILQ_HEAD(initial_mapping_head, con_state) initial_mapping_head =
73 TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(initial_mapping_head);
76 * Returns the container state for the given frame. This function always
77 * returns a container state (otherwise, there is a bug in the code and the
78 * container state of a container for which x_con_init() was not called was
82 static con_state *state_for_frame(xcb_window_t window) {
84 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(state, &state_head, state)
85 if (state->id == window)
88 /* TODO: better error handling? */
89 ELOG("No state found\n");
95 * Initializes the X11 part for the given container. Called exactly once for
96 * every container from con_new().
99 void x_con_init(Con *con) {
100 /* TODO: maybe create the window when rendering first? we could then even
101 * get the initial geometry right */
106 xcb_visualid_t visual = get_visualid_by_depth(con->depth);
107 xcb_colormap_t win_colormap;
108 if (con->depth != root_depth) {
109 /* We need to create a custom colormap. */
110 win_colormap = xcb_generate_id(conn);
111 xcb_create_colormap(conn, XCB_COLORMAP_ALLOC_NONE, win_colormap, root, visual);
112 con->colormap = win_colormap;
114 /* Use the default colormap. */
115 win_colormap = colormap;
116 con->colormap = XCB_NONE;
119 /* We explicitly set a background color and border color (even though we
120 * don’t even have a border) because the X11 server requires us to when
121 * using 32 bit color depths, see
122 * http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3645632 */
123 mask |= XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL;
124 values[0] = root_screen->black_pixel;
126 mask |= XCB_CW_BORDER_PIXEL;
127 values[1] = root_screen->black_pixel;
129 /* our own frames should not be managed */
130 mask |= XCB_CW_OVERRIDE_REDIRECT;
133 /* see include/xcb.h for the FRAME_EVENT_MASK */
134 mask |= XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;
135 values[3] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK & ~XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW;
137 mask |= XCB_CW_COLORMAP;
138 values[4] = win_colormap;
140 Rect dims = {-15, -15, 10, 10};
141 xcb_window_t frame_id = create_window(conn, dims, con->depth, visual, XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT, XCURSOR_CURSOR_POINTER, false, mask, values);
142 draw_util_surface_init(conn, &(con->frame), frame_id, get_visualtype_by_id(visual), dims.width, dims.height);
143 xcb_change_property(conn,
144 XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE,
149 (strlen("i3-frame") + 1) * 2,
150 "i3-frame\0i3-frame\0");
152 struct con_state *state = scalloc(1, sizeof(struct con_state));
153 state->id = con->frame.id;
154 state->mapped = false;
155 state->initial = true;
156 DLOG("Adding window 0x%08x to lists\n", state->id);
157 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(&state_head, state, state);
158 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(&old_state_head, state, old_state);
159 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&initial_mapping_head, state, initial_mapping_order);
160 DLOG("adding new state for window id 0x%08x\n", state->id);
164 * Re-initializes the associated X window state for this container. You have
165 * to call this when you assign a client to an empty container to ensure that
166 * its state gets updated correctly.
169 void x_reinit(Con *con) {
170 struct con_state *state;
172 if ((state = state_for_frame(con->frame.id)) == NULL) {
173 ELOG("window state not found\n");
177 DLOG("resetting state %p to initial\n", state);
178 state->initial = true;
179 state->child_mapped = false;
181 memset(&(state->window_rect), 0, sizeof(Rect));
185 * Reparents the child window of the given container (necessary for sticky
186 * containers). The reparenting happens in the next call of x_push_changes().
189 void x_reparent_child(Con *con, Con *old) {
190 struct con_state *state;
191 if ((state = state_for_frame(con->frame.id)) == NULL) {
192 ELOG("window state for con not found\n");
196 state->need_reparent = true;
197 state->old_frame = old->frame.id;
201 * Moves a child window from Container src to Container dest.
204 void x_move_win(Con *src, Con *dest) {
205 struct con_state *state_src, *state_dest;
207 if ((state_src = state_for_frame(src->frame.id)) == NULL) {
208 ELOG("window state for src not found\n");
212 if ((state_dest = state_for_frame(dest->frame.id)) == NULL) {
213 ELOG("window state for dest not found\n");
217 state_dest->con = state_src->con;
218 state_src->con = NULL;
220 Rect zero = {0, 0, 0, 0};
221 if (memcmp(&(state_dest->window_rect), &(zero), sizeof(Rect)) == 0) {
222 memcpy(&(state_dest->window_rect), &(state_src->window_rect), sizeof(Rect));
223 DLOG("COPYING RECT\n");
228 * Kills the window decoration associated with the given container.
231 void x_con_kill(Con *con) {
234 if (con->colormap != XCB_NONE) {
235 xcb_free_colormap(conn, con->colormap);
238 draw_util_surface_free(conn, &(con->frame));
239 draw_util_surface_free(conn, &(con->frame_buffer));
240 xcb_destroy_window(conn, con->frame.id);
241 xcb_free_pixmap(conn, con->frame_buffer.id);
242 state = state_for_frame(con->frame.id);
243 CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&state_head, state, state);
244 CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&old_state_head, state, old_state);
245 TAILQ_REMOVE(&initial_mapping_head, state, initial_mapping_order);
249 /* Invalidate focused_id to correctly focus new windows with the same ID */
250 focused_id = last_focused = XCB_NONE;
254 * Returns true if the client supports the given protocol atom (like WM_DELETE_WINDOW)
257 bool window_supports_protocol(xcb_window_t window, xcb_atom_t atom) {
258 xcb_get_property_cookie_t cookie;
259 xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_t protocols;
262 cookie = xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols(conn, window, A_WM_PROTOCOLS);
263 if (xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply(conn, cookie, &protocols, NULL) != 1)
266 /* Check if the client’s protocols have the requested atom set */
267 for (uint32_t i = 0; i < protocols.atoms_len; i++)
268 if (protocols.atoms[i] == atom)
271 xcb_icccm_get_wm_protocols_reply_wipe(&protocols);
277 * Kills the given X11 window using WM_DELETE_WINDOW (if supported).
280 void x_window_kill(xcb_window_t window, kill_window_t kill_window) {
281 /* if this window does not support WM_DELETE_WINDOW, we kill it the hard way */
282 if (!window_supports_protocol(window, A_WM_DELETE_WINDOW)) {
283 if (kill_window == KILL_WINDOW) {
284 LOG("Killing specific window 0x%08x\n", window);
285 xcb_destroy_window(conn, window);
287 LOG("Killing the X11 client which owns window 0x%08x\n", window);
288 xcb_kill_client(conn, window);
293 /* Every X11 event is 32 bytes long. Therefore, XCB will copy 32 bytes.
294 * In order to properly initialize these bytes, we allocate 32 bytes even
295 * though we only need less for an xcb_configure_notify_event_t */
296 void *event = scalloc(32, 1);
297 xcb_client_message_event_t *ev = event;
299 ev->response_type = XCB_CLIENT_MESSAGE;
301 ev->type = A_WM_PROTOCOLS;
303 ev->data.data32[0] = A_WM_DELETE_WINDOW;
304 ev->data.data32[1] = XCB_CURRENT_TIME;
306 LOG("Sending WM_DELETE to the client\n");
307 xcb_send_event(conn, false, window, XCB_EVENT_MASK_NO_EVENT, (char *)ev);
312 static void x_draw_title_border(Con *con, struct deco_render_params *p) {
313 assert(con->parent != NULL);
315 Rect *dr = &(con->deco_rect);
316 adjacent_t borders_to_hide = con_adjacent_borders(con) & config.hide_edge_borders;
317 int deco_diff_l = borders_to_hide & ADJ_LEFT_SCREEN_EDGE ? 0 : con->current_border_width;
318 int deco_diff_r = borders_to_hide & ADJ_RIGHT_SCREEN_EDGE ? 0 : con->current_border_width;
319 if (con->parent->layout == L_TABBED ||
320 (con->parent->layout == L_STACKED && TAILQ_NEXT(con, nodes) != NULL)) {
325 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->parent->frame_buffer), p->color->border,
326 dr->x, dr->y, dr->width, 1);
328 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->parent->frame_buffer), p->color->border,
329 dr->x + deco_diff_l, dr->y + dr->height - 1, dr->width - (deco_diff_l + deco_diff_r), 1);
332 static void x_draw_decoration_after_title(Con *con, struct deco_render_params *p) {
333 assert(con->parent != NULL);
335 Rect *dr = &(con->deco_rect);
337 /* Redraw the right border to cut off any text that went past it.
338 * This is necessary when the text was drawn using XCB since cutting text off
339 * automatically does not work there. For pango rendering, this isn't necessary. */
340 if (!font_is_pango()) {
341 /* We actually only redraw the far right two pixels as that is the
342 * distance we keep from the edge (not the entire border width).
343 * Redrawing the entire border would cause text to be cut off. */
344 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->parent->frame_buffer), p->color->background,
345 dr->x + dr->width - 2 * logical_px(1),
351 /* Draw a 1px separator line before and after every tab, so that tabs can
352 * be easily distinguished. */
353 if (con->parent->layout == L_TABBED) {
355 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->parent->frame_buffer), p->color->border,
356 dr->x, dr->y, 1, dr->height);
359 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->parent->frame_buffer), p->color->border,
360 dr->x + dr->width - 1, dr->y, 1, dr->height);
363 /* Redraw the border. */
364 x_draw_title_border(con, p);
368 * Draws the decoration of the given container onto its parent.
371 void x_draw_decoration(Con *con) {
372 Con *parent = con->parent;
373 bool leaf = con_is_leaf(con);
375 /* This code needs to run for:
377 * • non-leaf containers which are in a stacked/tabbed container
379 * It does not need to run for:
380 * • direct children of outputs or dockareas
381 * • floating containers (they don’t have a decoration)
384 parent->layout != L_STACKED &&
385 parent->layout != L_TABBED) ||
386 parent->type == CT_OUTPUT ||
387 parent->type == CT_DOCKAREA ||
388 con->type == CT_FLOATING_CON)
391 /* Skip containers whose height is 0 (for example empty dockareas) */
392 if (con->rect.height == 0)
395 /* Skip containers whose pixmap has not yet been created (can happen when
396 * decoration rendering happens recursively for a window for which
397 * x_push_node() was not yet called) */
398 if (leaf && con->frame_buffer.id == XCB_NONE)
401 /* 1: build deco_params and compare with cache */
402 struct deco_render_params *p = scalloc(1, sizeof(struct deco_render_params));
404 /* find out which colors to use */
406 p->color = &config.client.urgent;
407 else if (con == focused || con_inside_focused(con))
408 p->color = &config.client.focused;
409 else if (con == TAILQ_FIRST(&(parent->focus_head)))
410 p->color = &config.client.focused_inactive;
412 p->color = &config.client.unfocused;
414 p->border_style = con_border_style(con);
416 Rect *r = &(con->rect);
417 Rect *w = &(con->window_rect);
418 p->con_rect = (struct width_height){r->width, r->height};
419 p->con_window_rect = (struct width_height){w->width, w->height};
420 p->con_deco_rect = con->deco_rect;
421 p->background = config.client.background;
422 p->con_is_leaf = con_is_leaf(con);
423 p->parent_layout = con->parent->layout;
425 if (con->deco_render_params != NULL &&
426 (con->window == NULL || !con->window->name_x_changed) &&
427 !parent->pixmap_recreated &&
428 !con->pixmap_recreated &&
429 !con->mark_changed &&
430 memcmp(p, con->deco_render_params, sizeof(struct deco_render_params)) == 0) {
436 while ((next = TAILQ_NEXT(next, nodes))) {
437 FREE(next->deco_render_params);
440 FREE(con->deco_render_params);
441 con->deco_render_params = p;
443 if (con->window != NULL && con->window->name_x_changed)
444 con->window->name_x_changed = false;
446 parent->pixmap_recreated = false;
447 con->pixmap_recreated = false;
448 con->mark_changed = false;
450 /* 2: draw the client.background, but only for the parts around the window_rect */
451 if (con->window != NULL) {
453 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), config.client.background,
454 0, 0, r->width, w->y);
456 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), config.client.background,
457 0, w->y + w->height, r->width, r->height - (w->y + w->height));
459 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), config.client.background,
460 0, 0, w->x, r->height);
462 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), config.client.background,
463 w->x + w->width, 0, r->width - (w->x + w->width), r->height);
466 /* 3: draw a rectangle in border color around the client */
467 if (p->border_style != BS_NONE && p->con_is_leaf) {
468 /* We might hide some borders adjacent to the screen-edge */
469 adjacent_t borders_to_hide = ADJ_NONE;
470 borders_to_hide = con_adjacent_borders(con) & config.hide_edge_borders;
472 Rect br = con_border_style_rect(con);
474 /* These rectangles represent the border around the child window
475 * (left, bottom and right part). We don’t just fill the whole
476 * rectangle because some childs are not freely resizable and we want
477 * their background color to "shine through". */
478 if (!(borders_to_hide & ADJ_LEFT_SCREEN_EDGE)) {
479 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), p->color->child_border, 0, 0, br.x, r->height);
481 if (!(borders_to_hide & ADJ_RIGHT_SCREEN_EDGE)) {
482 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->frame_buffer),
483 p->color->child_border, r->width + (br.width + br.x), 0,
484 -(br.width + br.x), r->height);
486 if (!(borders_to_hide & ADJ_LOWER_SCREEN_EDGE)) {
487 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->frame_buffer),
488 p->color->child_border, br.x, r->height + (br.height + br.y),
489 r->width + br.width, -(br.height + br.y));
491 /* pixel border needs an additional line at the top */
492 if (p->border_style == BS_PIXEL && !(borders_to_hide & ADJ_UPPER_SCREEN_EDGE)) {
493 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->frame_buffer),
494 p->color->child_border, br.x, 0, r->width + br.width, br.y);
497 /* Highlight the side of the border at which the next window will be
498 * opened if we are rendering a single window within a split container
499 * (which is undistinguishable from a single window outside a split
500 * container otherwise. */
501 if (TAILQ_NEXT(con, nodes) == NULL &&
502 TAILQ_PREV(con, nodes_head, nodes) == NULL &&
503 con->parent->type != CT_FLOATING_CON) {
504 if (p->parent_layout == L_SPLITH) {
505 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), p->color->indicator,
506 r->width + (br.width + br.x), br.y, -(br.width + br.x), r->height + br.height);
507 } else if (p->parent_layout == L_SPLITV) {
508 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), p->color->indicator,
509 br.x, r->height + (br.height + br.y), r->width + br.width, -(br.height + br.y));
514 /* if this is a borderless/1pixel window, we don’t need to render the
516 if (p->border_style != BS_NORMAL)
519 /* If the parent hasn't been set up yet, skip the decoration rendering
521 if (parent->frame_buffer.id == XCB_NONE)
524 /* For the first child, we clear the parent pixmap to ensure there's no
525 * garbage left on there. This is important to avoid tearing when using
527 if (con == TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->parent->nodes_head))) {
528 draw_util_clear_surface(conn, &(con->parent->frame_buffer), COLOR_TRANSPARENT);
529 FREE(con->parent->deco_render_params);
532 /* 4: paint the bar */
533 draw_util_rectangle(conn, &(parent->frame_buffer), p->color->background,
534 con->deco_rect.x, con->deco_rect.y, con->deco_rect.width, con->deco_rect.height);
536 /* 5: draw two unconnected horizontal lines in border color */
537 x_draw_title_border(con, p);
539 /* 6: draw the title */
540 int text_offset_y = (con->deco_rect.height - config.font.height) / 2;
542 struct Window *win = con->window;
545 if (con->title_format == NULL) {
547 char *tree = con_get_tree_representation(con);
548 sasprintf(&_title, "i3: %s", tree);
551 title = i3string_from_utf8(_title);
554 title = con_parse_title_format(con);
557 draw_util_text(title, &(parent->frame_buffer),
558 p->color->text, p->color->background,
559 con->deco_rect.x + logical_px(2),
560 con->deco_rect.y + text_offset_y,
561 con->deco_rect.width - 2 * logical_px(2));
562 I3STRING_FREE(title);
567 if (win->name == NULL)
571 if (config.show_marks && !TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->marks_head))) {
572 char *formatted_mark = sstrdup("");
573 bool had_visible_mark = false;
576 TAILQ_FOREACH(mark, &(con->marks_head), marks) {
577 if (mark->name[0] == '_')
579 had_visible_mark = true;
582 sasprintf(&buf, "%s[%s]", formatted_mark, mark->name);
583 free(formatted_mark);
584 formatted_mark = buf;
587 if (had_visible_mark) {
588 i3String *mark = i3string_from_utf8(formatted_mark);
589 mark_width = predict_text_width(mark);
591 draw_util_text(mark, &(parent->frame_buffer),
592 p->color->text, p->color->background,
593 con->deco_rect.x + con->deco_rect.width - mark_width - logical_px(2),
594 con->deco_rect.y + text_offset_y, mark_width);
599 FREE(formatted_mark);
602 i3String *title = con->title_format == NULL ? win->name : con_parse_title_format(con);
603 draw_util_text(title, &(parent->frame_buffer),
604 p->color->text, p->color->background,
605 con->deco_rect.x + logical_px(2),
606 con->deco_rect.y + text_offset_y,
607 con->deco_rect.width - mark_width - 2 * logical_px(2));
608 if (con->title_format != NULL)
609 I3STRING_FREE(title);
612 x_draw_decoration_after_title(con, p);
614 draw_util_copy_surface(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), &(con->frame), 0, 0, 0, 0, con->rect.width, con->rect.height);
618 * Recursively calls x_draw_decoration. This cannot be done in x_push_node
619 * because x_push_node uses focus order to recurse (see the comment above)
620 * while drawing the decoration needs to happen in the actual order.
623 void x_deco_recurse(Con *con) {
625 bool leaf = TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->nodes_head)) &&
626 TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->floating_head));
627 con_state *state = state_for_frame(con->frame.id);
630 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->nodes_head), nodes)
631 x_deco_recurse(current);
633 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->floating_head), floating_windows)
634 x_deco_recurse(current);
637 draw_util_copy_surface(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), &(con->frame), 0, 0, 0, 0, con->rect.width, con->rect.height);
641 if ((con->type != CT_ROOT && con->type != CT_OUTPUT) &&
642 (!leaf || con->mapped))
643 x_draw_decoration(con);
647 * Sets or removes the _NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN property on con if necessary.
650 static void set_hidden_state(Con *con) {
651 if (con->window == NULL) {
655 con_state *state = state_for_frame(con->frame.id);
656 bool should_be_hidden = con_is_hidden(con);
657 if (should_be_hidden == state->is_hidden)
660 if (should_be_hidden) {
661 DLOG("setting _NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN for con = %p\n", con);
662 xcb_add_property_atom(conn, con->window->id, A__NET_WM_STATE, A__NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN);
664 DLOG("removing _NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN for con = %p\n", con);
665 xcb_remove_property_atom(conn, con->window->id, A__NET_WM_STATE, A__NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN);
668 state->is_hidden = should_be_hidden;
672 * This function pushes the properties of each node of the layout tree to
673 * X11 if they have changed (like the map state, position of the window, …).
674 * It recursively traverses all children of the given node.
677 void x_push_node(Con *con) {
680 Rect rect = con->rect;
682 //DLOG("Pushing changes for node %p / %s\n", con, con->name);
683 state = state_for_frame(con->frame.id);
685 if (state->name != NULL) {
686 DLOG("pushing name %s for con %p\n", state->name, con);
688 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, con->frame.id,
689 XCB_ATOM_WM_NAME, XCB_ATOM_STRING, 8, strlen(state->name), state->name);
693 if (con->window == NULL) {
694 /* Calculate the height of all window decorations which will be drawn on to
696 uint32_t max_y = 0, max_height = 0;
697 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->nodes_head), nodes) {
698 Rect *dr = &(current->deco_rect);
699 if (dr->y >= max_y && dr->height >= max_height) {
701 max_height = dr->height;
704 rect.height = max_y + max_height;
705 if (rect.height == 0)
709 /* reparent the child window (when the window was moved due to a sticky
711 if (state->need_reparent && con->window != NULL) {
712 DLOG("Reparenting child window\n");
714 /* Temporarily set the event masks to XCB_NONE so that we won’t get
715 * UnmapNotify events (otherwise the handler would close the container).
716 * These events are generated automatically when reparenting. */
717 uint32_t values[] = {XCB_NONE};
718 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->old_frame, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
719 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, con->window->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
721 xcb_reparent_window(conn, con->window->id, con->frame.id, 0, 0);
723 values[0] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK;
724 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->old_frame, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
725 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
726 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, con->window->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
728 state->old_frame = XCB_NONE;
729 state->need_reparent = false;
732 DLOG("ignore_unmap for reparenting of con %p (win 0x%08x) is now %d\n",
733 con, con->window->id, con->ignore_unmap);
736 /* The pixmap of a borderless leaf container will not be used except
737 * for the titlebar in a stack or tabs (issue #1013). */
738 bool is_pixmap_needed = (con->border_style != BS_NONE ||
740 con->parent->layout == L_STACKED ||
741 con->parent->layout == L_TABBED);
743 /* The root con and output cons will never require a pixmap. In particular for the
744 * __i3 output, this will likely not work anyway because it might be ridiculously
745 * large, causing an XCB_ALLOC error. */
746 if (con->type == CT_ROOT || con->type == CT_OUTPUT)
747 is_pixmap_needed = false;
749 bool fake_notify = false;
750 /* Set new position if rect changed (and if height > 0) or if the pixmap
751 * needs to be recreated */
752 if ((is_pixmap_needed && con->frame_buffer.id == XCB_NONE) || (memcmp(&(state->rect), &rect, sizeof(Rect)) != 0 &&
754 /* We first create the new pixmap, then render to it, set it as the
755 * background and only afterwards change the window size. This reduces
758 /* As the pixmap only depends on the size and not on the position, it
759 * is enough to check if width/height have changed. Also, we don’t
760 * create a pixmap at all when the window is actually not visible
761 * (height == 0) or when it is not needed. */
762 bool has_rect_changed = (state->rect.width != rect.width || state->rect.height != rect.height);
764 /* Check if the container has an unneeded pixmap left over from
765 * previously having a border or titlebar. */
766 if (!is_pixmap_needed && con->frame_buffer.id != XCB_NONE) {
767 draw_util_surface_free(conn, &(con->frame_buffer));
768 xcb_free_pixmap(conn, con->frame_buffer.id);
769 con->frame_buffer.id = XCB_NONE;
772 if (is_pixmap_needed && (has_rect_changed || con->frame_buffer.id == XCB_NONE)) {
773 if (con->frame_buffer.id == XCB_NONE) {
774 con->frame_buffer.id = xcb_generate_id(conn);
776 draw_util_surface_free(conn, &(con->frame_buffer));
777 xcb_free_pixmap(conn, con->frame_buffer.id);
780 uint16_t win_depth = root_depth;
782 win_depth = con->window->depth;
784 /* Ensure we have valid dimensions for our surface. */
785 // TODO This is probably a bug in the condition above as we should never enter this path
786 // for height == 0. Also, we should probably handle width == 0 the same way.
787 int width = MAX((int32_t)rect.width, 1);
788 int height = MAX((int32_t)rect.height, 1);
790 xcb_create_pixmap(conn, win_depth, con->frame_buffer.id, con->frame.id, width, height);
791 draw_util_surface_init(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), con->frame_buffer.id,
792 get_visualtype_by_id(get_visualid_by_depth(win_depth)), width, height);
794 /* For the graphics context, we disable GraphicsExposure events.
795 * Those will be sent when a CopyArea request cannot be fulfilled
796 * properly due to parts of the source being unmapped or otherwise
797 * unavailable. Since we always copy from pixmaps to windows, this
798 * is not a concern for us. */
799 xcb_change_gc(conn, con->frame_buffer.gc, XCB_GC_GRAPHICS_EXPOSURES, (uint32_t[]){0});
801 draw_util_surface_set_size(&(con->frame), width, height);
802 con->pixmap_recreated = true;
804 /* Don’t render the decoration for windows inside a stack which are
805 * not visible right now */
806 // TODO Should this work the same way for L_TABBED?
808 con->parent->layout != L_STACKED ||
809 TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->parent->focus_head)) == con)
810 /* Render the decoration now to make the correct decoration visible
811 * from the very first moment. Later calls will be cached, so this
812 * doesn’t hurt performance. */
816 DLOG("setting rect (%d, %d, %d, %d)\n", rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);
817 /* flush to ensure that the following commands are sent in a single
818 * buffer and will be processed directly afterwards (the contents of a
819 * window get lost when resizing it, therefore we want to provide it as
820 * fast as possible) */
822 xcb_set_window_rect(conn, con->frame.id, rect);
823 if (con->frame_buffer.id != XCB_NONE) {
824 draw_util_copy_surface(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), &(con->frame), 0, 0, 0, 0, con->rect.width, con->rect.height);
828 memcpy(&(state->rect), &rect, sizeof(Rect));
832 /* dito, but for child windows */
833 if (con->window != NULL &&
834 memcmp(&(state->window_rect), &(con->window_rect), sizeof(Rect)) != 0) {
835 DLOG("setting window rect (%d, %d, %d, %d)\n",
836 con->window_rect.x, con->window_rect.y, con->window_rect.width, con->window_rect.height);
837 xcb_set_window_rect(conn, con->window->id, con->window_rect);
838 memcpy(&(state->window_rect), &(con->window_rect), sizeof(Rect));
842 /* Map if map state changed, also ensure that the child window
843 * is changed if we are mapped and there is a new, unmapped child window.
844 * Unmaps are handled in x_push_node_unmaps(). */
845 if ((state->mapped != con->mapped || (con->window != NULL && !state->child_mapped)) &&
847 xcb_void_cookie_t cookie;
849 if (con->window != NULL) {
850 /* Set WM_STATE_NORMAL because GTK applications don’t want to
851 * drag & drop if we don’t. Also, xprop(1) needs it. */
852 long data[] = {XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_NORMAL, XCB_NONE};
853 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, con->window->id,
854 A_WM_STATE, A_WM_STATE, 32, 2, data);
858 if (!state->child_mapped && con->window != NULL) {
859 cookie = xcb_map_window(conn, con->window->id);
861 /* We are interested in EnterNotifys as soon as the window is
863 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
864 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, con->window->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
865 DLOG("mapping child window (serial %d)\n", cookie.sequence);
866 state->child_mapped = true;
869 cookie = xcb_map_window(conn, con->frame.id);
871 values[0] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK;
872 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, con->frame.id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
874 /* copy the pixmap contents to the frame window immediately after mapping */
875 if (con->frame_buffer.id != XCB_NONE) {
876 draw_util_copy_surface(conn, &(con->frame_buffer), &(con->frame), 0, 0, 0, 0, con->rect.width, con->rect.height);
880 DLOG("mapping container %08x (serial %d)\n", con->frame.id, cookie.sequence);
881 state->mapped = con->mapped;
884 state->unmap_now = (state->mapped != con->mapped) && !con->mapped;
887 DLOG("Sending fake configure notify\n");
888 fake_absolute_configure_notify(con);
891 set_hidden_state(con);
893 /* Handle all children and floating windows of this node. We recurse
894 * in focus order to display the focused client in a stack first when
895 * switching workspaces (reduces flickering). */
896 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->focus_head), focused)
897 x_push_node(current);
901 * Same idea as in x_push_node(), but this function only unmaps windows. It is
902 * necessary to split this up to handle new fullscreen clients properly: The
903 * new window needs to be mapped and focus needs to be set *before* the
904 * underlying windows are unmapped. Otherwise, focus will revert to the
905 * PointerRoot and will then be set to the new window, generating unnecessary
906 * FocusIn/FocusOut events.
909 static void x_push_node_unmaps(Con *con) {
913 //DLOG("Pushing changes (with unmaps) for node %p / %s\n", con, con->name);
914 state = state_for_frame(con->frame.id);
916 /* map/unmap if map state changed, also ensure that the child window
917 * is changed if we are mapped *and* in initial state (meaning the
918 * container was empty before, but now got a child) */
919 if (state->unmap_now) {
920 xcb_void_cookie_t cookie;
921 if (con->window != NULL) {
922 /* Set WM_STATE_WITHDRAWN, it seems like Java apps need it */
923 long data[] = {XCB_ICCCM_WM_STATE_WITHDRAWN, XCB_NONE};
924 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, con->window->id,
925 A_WM_STATE, A_WM_STATE, 32, 2, data);
928 cookie = xcb_unmap_window(conn, con->frame.id);
929 DLOG("unmapping container %p / %s (serial %d)\n", con, con->name, cookie.sequence);
930 /* we need to increase ignore_unmap for this container (if it
931 * contains a window) and for every window "under" this one which
932 * contains a window */
933 if (con->window != NULL) {
935 DLOG("ignore_unmap for con %p (frame 0x%08x) now %d\n", con, con->frame.id, con->ignore_unmap);
937 state->mapped = con->mapped;
940 /* handle all children and floating windows of this node */
941 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->nodes_head), nodes)
942 x_push_node_unmaps(current);
944 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->floating_head), floating_windows)
945 x_push_node_unmaps(current);
949 * Returns true if the given container is currently attached to its parent.
951 * TODO: Remove once #1185 has been fixed
953 static bool is_con_attached(Con *con) {
954 if (con->parent == NULL)
958 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, &(con->parent->nodes_head), nodes) {
967 * Pushes all changes (state of each node, see x_push_node() and the window
970 * NOTE: We need to push the stack first so that the windows have the correct
971 * stacking order. This is relevant for workspace switching where we map the
972 * windows because mapping may generate EnterNotify events. When they are
973 * generated in the wrong order, this will cause focus problems when switching
977 void x_push_changes(Con *con) {
979 xcb_query_pointer_cookie_t pointercookie;
981 /* If we need to warp later, we request the pointer position as soon as possible */
983 pointercookie = xcb_query_pointer(conn, root);
986 DLOG("-- PUSHING WINDOW STACK --\n");
987 //DLOG("Disabling EnterNotify\n");
988 /* We need to keep SubstructureRedirect around, otherwise clients can send
989 * ConfigureWindow requests and get them applied directly instead of having
990 * them become ConfigureRequests that i3 handles. */
991 uint32_t values[1] = {XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_REDIRECT};
992 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state) {
994 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
996 //DLOG("Done, EnterNotify disabled\n");
997 bool order_changed = false;
998 bool stacking_changed = false;
1000 /* count first, necessary to (re)allocate memory for the bottom-to-top
1001 * stack afterwards */
1003 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state)
1004 if (con_has_managed_window(state->con))
1007 /* The bottom-to-top window stack of all windows which are managed by i3.
1008 * Used for x_get_window_stack(). */
1009 static xcb_window_t *client_list_windows = NULL;
1010 static int client_list_count = 0;
1012 if (cnt != client_list_count) {
1013 client_list_windows = srealloc(client_list_windows, sizeof(xcb_window_t) * cnt);
1014 client_list_count = cnt;
1017 xcb_window_t *walk = client_list_windows;
1019 /* X11 correctly represents the stack if we push it from bottom to top */
1020 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state) {
1021 if (con_has_managed_window(state->con))
1022 memcpy(walk++, &(state->con->window->id), sizeof(xcb_window_t));
1024 //DLOG("stack: 0x%08x\n", state->id);
1025 con_state *prev = CIRCLEQ_PREV(state, state);
1026 con_state *old_prev = CIRCLEQ_PREV(state, old_state);
1027 if (prev != old_prev)
1028 order_changed = true;
1029 if ((state->initial || order_changed) && prev != CIRCLEQ_END(&state_head)) {
1030 stacking_changed = true;
1031 //DLOG("Stacking 0x%08x above 0x%08x\n", prev->id, state->id);
1033 mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_SIBLING;
1034 mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE;
1035 uint32_t values[] = {state->id, XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE};
1037 xcb_configure_window(conn, prev->id, mask, values);
1039 state->initial = false;
1042 /* If we re-stacked something (or a new window appeared), we need to update
1043 * the _NET_CLIENT_LIST and _NET_CLIENT_LIST_STACKING hints */
1044 if (stacking_changed) {
1045 DLOG("Client list changed (%i clients)\n", cnt);
1046 ewmh_update_client_list_stacking(client_list_windows, client_list_count);
1048 walk = client_list_windows;
1050 /* reorder by initial mapping */
1051 TAILQ_FOREACH(state, &initial_mapping_head, initial_mapping_order) {
1052 if (con_has_managed_window(state->con))
1053 *walk++ = state->con->window->id;
1056 ewmh_update_client_list(client_list_windows, client_list_count);
1059 DLOG("PUSHING CHANGES\n");
1063 xcb_query_pointer_reply_t *pointerreply = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, pointercookie, NULL);
1064 if (!pointerreply) {
1065 ELOG("Could not query pointer position, not warping pointer\n");
1067 int mid_x = warp_to->x + (warp_to->width / 2);
1068 int mid_y = warp_to->y + (warp_to->height / 2);
1070 Output *current = get_output_containing(pointerreply->root_x, pointerreply->root_y);
1071 Output *target = get_output_containing(mid_x, mid_y);
1072 if (current != target) {
1073 /* Ignore MotionNotify events generated by warping */
1074 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, root, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, (uint32_t[]){XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_REDIRECT});
1075 xcb_warp_pointer(conn, XCB_NONE, root, 0, 0, 0, 0, mid_x, mid_y);
1076 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, root, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, (uint32_t[]){ROOT_EVENT_MASK});
1084 //DLOG("Re-enabling EnterNotify\n");
1085 values[0] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK;
1086 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state) {
1088 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
1090 //DLOG("Done, EnterNotify re-enabled\n");
1092 x_deco_recurse(con);
1094 xcb_window_t to_focus = focused->frame.id;
1095 if (focused->window != NULL)
1096 to_focus = focused->window->id;
1098 if (focused_id != to_focus) {
1099 if (!focused->mapped) {
1100 DLOG("Not updating focus (to %p / %s), focused window is not mapped.\n", focused, focused->name);
1101 /* Invalidate focused_id to correctly focus new windows with the same ID */
1102 focused_id = XCB_NONE;
1104 if (focused->window != NULL &&
1105 focused->window->needs_take_focus &&
1106 focused->window->doesnt_accept_focus) {
1107 DLOG("Updating focus by sending WM_TAKE_FOCUS to window 0x%08x (focused: %p / %s)\n",
1108 to_focus, focused, focused->name);
1109 send_take_focus(to_focus, last_timestamp);
1111 ewmh_update_active_window((con_has_managed_window(focused) ? focused->window->id : XCB_WINDOW_NONE));
1113 if (to_focus != last_focused && is_con_attached(focused))
1114 ipc_send_window_event("focus", focused);
1116 DLOG("Updating focus (focused: %p / %s) to X11 window 0x%08x\n", focused, focused->name, to_focus);
1117 /* We remove XCB_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_CHANGE from the event mask to get
1118 * no focus change events for our own focus changes. We only want
1119 * these generated by the clients. */
1120 if (focused->window != NULL) {
1121 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK & ~(XCB_EVENT_MASK_FOCUS_CHANGE);
1122 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, focused->window->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
1124 xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_POINTER_ROOT, to_focus, last_timestamp);
1125 if (focused->window != NULL) {
1126 values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
1127 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, focused->window->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
1130 ewmh_update_active_window((con_has_managed_window(focused) ? focused->window->id : XCB_WINDOW_NONE));
1132 if (to_focus != XCB_NONE && to_focus != last_focused && focused->window != NULL && is_con_attached(focused))
1133 ipc_send_window_event("focus", focused);
1136 focused_id = last_focused = to_focus;
1140 if (focused_id == XCB_NONE) {
1141 /* If we still have no window to focus, we focus the EWMH window instead. We use this rather than the
1142 * root window in order to avoid an X11 fallback mechanism causing a ghosting effect (see #1378). */
1143 DLOG("Still no window focused, better set focus to the EWMH support window (%d)\n", ewmh_window);
1144 xcb_set_input_focus(conn, XCB_INPUT_FOCUS_POINTER_ROOT, ewmh_window, last_timestamp);
1145 ewmh_update_active_window(XCB_WINDOW_NONE);
1146 focused_id = ewmh_window;
1150 DLOG("ENDING CHANGES\n");
1152 /* Disable EnterWindow events for windows which will be unmapped in
1153 * x_push_node_unmaps() now. Unmapping windows happens when switching
1154 * workspaces. We want to avoid getting EnterNotifies during that phase
1155 * because they would screw up our focus. One of these cases is having a
1156 * stack with two windows. If the first window is focused and gets
1157 * unmapped, the second one appears under the cursor and therefore gets an
1158 * EnterNotify event. */
1159 values[0] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK & ~XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW;
1160 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state) {
1161 if (!state->unmap_now)
1163 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
1166 /* Push all pending unmaps */
1167 x_push_node_unmaps(con);
1169 /* save the current stack as old stack */
1170 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(state, &state_head, state) {
1171 CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&old_state_head, state, old_state);
1172 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&old_state_head, state, old_state);
1174 //CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(state, &old_state_head, old_state) {
1175 // DLOG("old stack: 0x%08x\n", state->id);
1182 * Raises the specified container in the internal stack of X windows. The
1183 * next call to x_push_changes() will make the change visible in X11.
1186 void x_raise_con(Con *con) {
1188 state = state_for_frame(con->frame.id);
1189 //DLOG("raising in new stack: %p / %s / %s / xid %08x\n", con, con->name, con->window ? con->window->name_json : "", state->id);
1191 CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(&state_head, state, state);
1192 CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(&state_head, state, state);
1196 * Sets the WM_NAME property (so, no UTF8, but used only for debugging anyways)
1197 * of the given name. Used for properly tagging the windows for easily spotting
1198 * i3 windows in xwininfo -root -all.
1201 void x_set_name(Con *con, const char *name) {
1202 struct con_state *state;
1204 if ((state = state_for_frame(con->frame.id)) == NULL) {
1205 ELOG("window state not found\n");
1210 state->name = sstrdup(name);
1214 * Set up the I3_SHMLOG_PATH atom.
1217 void update_shmlog_atom() {
1218 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, root,
1219 A_I3_SHMLOG_PATH, A_UTF8_STRING, 8,
1220 strlen(shmlogname), shmlogname);
1224 * Sets up i3 specific atoms (I3_SOCKET_PATH and I3_CONFIG_PATH)
1227 void x_set_i3_atoms(void) {
1228 pid_t pid = getpid();
1229 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, root, A_I3_SOCKET_PATH, A_UTF8_STRING, 8,
1230 (current_socketpath == NULL ? 0 : strlen(current_socketpath)),
1231 current_socketpath);
1232 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, root, A_I3_PID, XCB_ATOM_CARDINAL, 32, 1, &pid);
1233 xcb_change_property(conn, XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE, root, A_I3_CONFIG_PATH, A_UTF8_STRING, 8,
1234 strlen(current_configpath), current_configpath);
1235 update_shmlog_atom();
1239 * Set warp_to coordinates. This will trigger on the next call to
1243 void x_set_warp_to(Rect *rect) {
1244 if (config.mouse_warping != POINTER_WARPING_NONE)
1249 * Applies the given mask to the event mask of every i3 window decoration X11
1250 * window. This is useful to disable EnterNotify while resizing so that focus
1254 void x_mask_event_mask(uint32_t mask) {
1255 uint32_t values[] = {FRAME_EVENT_MASK & mask};
1258 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(state, &state_head, state) {
1260 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, state->id, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);