.TH LDAP 3 "10 November 1998" "OpenLDAP LDVERSION" .SH NAME ldap - Lightweight Directory Access Protocol package .SH SYNOPSIS .nf .ft B #include #include .ft .fi .SH DESCRIPTION .LP The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol provides TCP/IP access to the X.500 Directory or to a stand-alone LDAP server. The OpenLDAP LDAP package includes a stand-alone server in .BR slapd (8), an LDAP to X.500 gateway in .BR ldapd (8), various LDAP clients, and an LDAP client library used to provide programmatic access to the LDAP protocol. This man page gives an overview of the LDAP library routines. .LP Both synchronous and asynchronous APIs are provided. Also included are various routines to parse the results returned from these routines. These routines are found in the libldap.a library. .LP The basic interaction is as follows. A connection is made to an LDAP server by calling .BR ldap_open (3). An LDAP bind operation is performed by calling one of .BR ldap_bind (3) and friends. Next, other operations are performed by calling one of the synchronous or asynchronous routines (e.g., .BR ldap_search_s (3) or .BR ldap_search (3) followed by .BR ldap_result (3)). Results returned from these routines are interpreted by calling the LDAP parsing routines. The LDAP association is terminated by calling .BR ldap_unbind (3). Errors can be interpreted by calling .BR ldap_perror (3). The .BR ldap_set_rebind_proc (3) routine can be used to set a routine to be called back when an LDAP bind operation needs to occur when handling a client referral. .SH SEARCH FILTERS Search filters to be passed to the ldap search routines can be constructed by hand, or by calling the .BR ldap_getfilter (3) routines, which use the .BR ldapgetfilter.conf (5) file to turn a string (presumably that a user has typed) into a series of search filters. .SH DISPLAYING RESULTS Results obtained from the ldap search routines can be output by hand, by calling .BR ldap_first_entry (3) and .BR ldap_next_entry (3) to step through the entries returned, .BR ldap_first_attribute (3) and .BR ldap_next_attribute (3) to step through an entry's attributes, and .BR ldap_get_values (3) to retrieve a given attribute's value, and then calling .BR printf (3) or whatever to display the values. .LP Alternatively, the entry can be output automatically by calling the .BR ldap_entry2text (3), .BR ldap_entry2text_search (3), .BR ldap_entry2html (3), or .BR ldap_entry2html_search (3) routines. These routines look up the object class of the entry they are passed in the .BR ldaptemplates.conf (5) file to decide which attributes to display and how to display them. Output is handled via a routine passed in as a parameter. .SH UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATORS (URLS) The .BR ldap_url (3) routines can be used test a URL to see if it is an LDAP URL, to parse LDAP URLs into their component pieces, and to initiate searches directly using an LDAP URL. .SH USER FRIENDLY NAMING The .BR ldap_ufn (3) routines implement a user friendly naming scheme via LDAP. This scheme allows you to look up entries using fuzzy, untyped names like "mark smith, umich, us". .SH CACHING The .BR ldap_cache (3) routines implement a local client caching scheme, providing a substantial performance increase for repeated queries. .SH UTILITY ROUTINES Also provided are various utility routines. The .BR ldap_sort (3) routines are used to sort the entries and values returned via the ldap search routines. The .BR ldap_friendly (3) routines are used to map from short two letter country codes (or other strings) to longer "friendlier" names. The .BR ldap_charset (3) routines can be used to translate to and from the T.61 character set used for many character strings in the LDAP protocol. .SH CONNECTIONLESS ACCESS The .BR cldap_search_s (3) routine allows you to access the directory via Connectionless LDAP (CLDAP), which is similar to LDAP but operates over UDP, obviating the need to set up and tear down a connection by calling .BR ldap_open (3), .BR ldap_bind (3), and .BR ldap_unbind (3). .BR cldap_open (3) should be called before using .BR cldap_search_s (3). All the same getfilter, parsing, and display that can be used with regular LDAP routines can be used with the CLDAP routines. .SH BER LIBRARY Also included in the distribution is a set of lightweight Basic Encoding Rules routines. These routines are used by the LDAP library routines to encode and decode LDAP protocol elements using the (slightly simplified) Basic Encoding Rules defined by LDAP. They are not normally used directly by an LDAP application program. The routines provide a printf and scanf-like interface, as well as lower-level access. These routines are found in the liblber.a library. .SH INDEX .TP 20 .SM ldap_open(3) open a connection to an LDAP server .TP .SM ldap_init(3) initialize the LDAP library without opening a connection to a server .TP .SM ldap_result(3) wait for the result from an asynchronous operation .TP .SM ldap_abandon(3) abandon (abort) an asynchronous operation .TP .SM ldap_add(3) asynchronously add an entry .TP .SM ldap_add_s(3) synchronously add an entry .TP .SM ldap_bind(3) asynchronously bind to the directory .TP .SM ldap_bind_s(3) synchronously bind to the directory .TP .SM ldap_simple_bind(3) asynchronously bind to the directory using simple authentication .TP .SM ldap_simple_bind_s(3) synchronously bind to the directory using simple authentication .TP .SM ldap_kerberos_bind_s(3) synchronously bind to the directory using kerberos authentication .TP .SM ldap_kerberos_bind1(3) asynchronously bind to the LDAP server using kerberos authentication .TP .SM ldap_kerberos_bind1_s(3) synchronously bind to the LDAP server using kerberos authentication .TP .SM ldap_kerberos_bind2(3) asynchronously bind to the DSA using kerberos authentication .TP .SM ldap_kerberos_bind2_s(3) synchronously bind to the DSA using kerberos authentication .TP .SM ldap_unbind(3) synchronously unbind from the LDAP server and close the connection .TP .SM ldap_unbind_s(3) equivalent to .BR ldap_unbind (3) .TP .SM ldap_memfree (3) dispose of memory allocated by LDAP routines. .TP .SM ldap_enable_cache(3) enable LDAP client caching .TP .SM ldap_disable_cache(3) disable LDAP client caching .TP .SM ldap_destroy_cache(3) disable LDAP client caching and destroy cache contents .TP .SM ldap_flush_cache(3) flush LDAP client cache .TP .SM ldap_uncache_entry(3) uncache requests pertaining to an entry .TP .SM ldap_uncache_request(3) uncache a request .TP .SM ldap_set_cache_options(3) set cache options .TP .SM ldap_compare(3) asynchronous compare to a directory entry .TP .SM ldap_compare_s(3) synchronous compare to a directory entry .TP .SM ldap_delete(3) asynchronously delete an entry .TP .SM ldap_delete_s(3) synchronously delete an entry .TP .SM ldap_init_templates(3) initialize display template routines from a file .TP .SM ldap_init_templates_buf(3) initialize display template routines from a buffer .TP .SM ldap_free_templates(3) free display template routine memory .TP .SM ldap_first_disptmpl(3) get first display template .TP .SM ldap_next_disptmpl(3) get next display template .TP .SM ldap_oc2template(3) return template appropriate for objectclass .TP .SM ldap_name2template(3) return named template .TP .SM ldap_tmplattrs(3) return attributes needed by template .TP .SM ldap_first_tmplrow(3) return first row of displayable items in a template .TP .SM ldap_next_tmplrow(3) return next row of displayable items in a template .TP .SM ldap_first_tmplcol(3) return first column of displayable items in a template .TP .SM ldap_next_tmplcol(3) return next column of displayable items in a template .TP .SM ldap_entry2text(3) display an entry as text using a display template .TP .SM ldap_entry2text_search(3) search for and display an entry as text using a display template .TP .SM ldap_vals2text(3) display values as text .TP .SM ldap_entry2html(3) display an entry as HTML (HyperText Markup Language) using a display template .TP .SM ldap_entry2html_search(3) search for and display an entry as HTML using a display template .TP .SM ldap_vals2html(3) display values as HTML .TP .SM ldap_perror(3) print an LDAP error indication to standard error .TP .SM ld_errno(3) LDAP error indication .TP .SM ldap_result2error(3) extract LDAP error indication from LDAP result .TP .SM ldap_errlist(3) list of ldap errors and their meanings .TP .SM ldap_err2string(3) convert LDAP error indication to a string .TP .SM ldap_first_attribute(3) return first attribute name in an entry .TP .SM ldap_next_attribute(3) return next attribute name in an entry .TP .SM ldap_first_entry(3) return first entry in a chain of search results .TP .SM ldap_next_entry(3) return next entry in a chain of search results .TP .SM ldap_count_entries(3) return number of entries in a search result .TP .SM ldap_friendly_name(3) map from unfriendly to friendly names .TP .SM ldap_free_friendlymap(3) free resources used by ldap_friendly(3) .TP .SM ldap_get_dn(3) extract the DN from an entry .TP .SM ldap_explode_dn(3) convert a DN into its component parts .TP .SM ldap_explode_rdn(3) convert a RDN into its component parts .TP .SM ldap_explode_dns(3) convert a DNS-style DN into its component parts (experimental) .TP .SM ldap_is_dns_dn(3) check to see if a DN is a DNS-style DN (experimental) .TP .SM ldap_dn2ufn(3) convert a DN into user friendly form .TP .SM ldap_get_values(3) return an attribute's values .TP .SM ldap_get_values_len(3) return an attribute values with lengths .TP .SM ldap_value_free(3) free memory allocated by ldap_get_values(3) .TP .SM ldap_value_free_len(3) free memory allocated by ldap_get_values_len(3) .TP .SM ldap_count_values(3) return number of values .TP .SM ldap_count_values_len(3) return number of values .TP .SM ldap_init_getfilter(3) initialize getfilter routines from a file .TP .SM ldap_init_getfilter_buf(3) initialize getfilter routines from a buffer .TP .SM ldap_getfilter_free(3) free resources allocated by ldap_init_getfilter(3) .TP .SM ldap_getfirstfilter(3) return first search filter .TP .SM ldap_getnextfilter(3) return next search filter .TP .SM ldap_build_filter(3) construct an LDAP search filter from a pattern .TP .SM ldap_setfilteraffixes(3) set prefix and suffix for search filters .TP .SM ldap_modify(3) asynchronously modify an entry .TP .SM ldap_modify_s(3) synchronously modify an entry .TP .SM ldap_mods_free(3) free array of pointers to mod structures used by ldap_modify(3) .TP .SM ldap_modrdn2(3) asynchronously modify the RDN of an entry .TP .SM ldap_modrdn2_s(3) synchronously modify the RDN of an entry .TP .SM ldap_modrdn(3) depreciated - use ldap_modrdn2(3) .TP .SM ldap_modrdn_s(3) depreciated - use ldap_modrdn2_s(3) .TP .SM ldap_msgfree(3) free results allocated by ldap_result(3) .TP .SM ldap_msgtype(3) return the message type of a message from ldap_result(3) .TP .SM ldap_msgid(3) return the message id of a message from ldap_result(3) .TP .SM ldap_search(3) asynchronously search the directory .TP .SM ldap_search_s(3) synchronously search the directory .TP .SM ldap_search_st(3) synchronously search the directory with timeout .TP .SM ldap_ufn_search_s(3) user friendly search the directory .TP .SM ldap_ufn_search_c(3) user friendly search the directory with cancel .TP .SM ldap_ufn_search_ct(3) user friendly search the directory with cancel and timeout .TP .SM ldap_ufn_setfilter(3) set filter file used by ldap_ufn(3) routines .TP .SM ldap_ufn_setprefix(3) set prefix used by ldap_ufn(3) routines .TP .SM ldap_ufn_timeout(3) set timeout used by ldap_ufn(3) routines .TP .SM ldap_is_ldap_url(3) check a URL string to see if it is an LDAP URL .TP .SM ldap_url_parse(3) break up an LDAP URL string into its components .TP .SM ldap_url_search(3) asynchronously search using an LDAP URL .TP .SM ldap_url_search_s(3) synchronously search using an LDAP URL .TP .SM ldap_url_search_st(3) synchronously search using an LDAP URL and a timeout .TP .SM ldap_init_searchprefs(3) initialize searchprefs routines from a file .TP .SM ldap_init_searchprefs_buf(3) initialize searchprefs routines from a buffer .TP .SM ldap_free_searchprefs(3) free memory allocated by searchprefs routines .TP .SM ldap_first_searchobj(3) return first searchpref object .TP .SM ldap_next_searchobj(3) return next searchpref object .TP .SM ldap_sort_entries(3) sort a list of search results .TP .SM ldap_sort_values(3) sort a list of attribute values .TP .SM ldap_sort_strcasecmp(3) case insensitive string comparison .TP .SM ldap_set_string_translators(3) set character set translation routines used by LDAP library .TP .SM ldap_t61_to_8859(3) translate from ISO-8859 characters to the T.61 characters .TP .SM ldap_8859_to_t61(3) translate from T.61 characters to the ISO-8859 characters .TP .SM ldap_translate_from_t61(3) translate from the T.61 character set to another character set .TP .SM ldap_translate_to_t61(3) translate to the T.61 character set from another character set .TP .SM ldap_enable_translation(3) enable or disable character translation for an LDAP entry result .TP .SM cldap_open(3) open a connectionless LDAP (CLDAP) session .TP .SM cldap_search_s(3) perform a search using connectionless LDAP .TP .SM cldap_setretryinfo(3) set retry and timeout information using connectionless LDAP .TP .SM cldap_close(3) terminate a connectionless LDAP session .SH SEE ALSO .BR ldapd (8), .BR slapd (8) .SH AUTHORS Tim Howes, Mark Smith, Gordon Good, Lance Sloan, and Steve Rothwell from the University of Michigan, along with help from lots of others. .SH ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .B OpenLDAP is developed and maintained by The OpenLDAP Project (http://www.openldap.org/). .B OpenLDAP is derived from University of Michigan LDAP 3.3 Release.