+
Network Working Group Mark Smith, Editor
Request for Comments: DRAFT Pearl Crescent, LLC
Obsoletes: RFC 2255 Tim Howes
-Expires: 13 August 2004 Opsware, Inc.
+Expires: 4 July 2005 Opsware, Inc.
- 13 February 2004
+ 4 January 2005
LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator
- <draft-ietf-ldapbis-url-05.txt>
+ <draft-ietf-ldapbis-url-09.txt>
+
+Status of this Memo
-1. Status of this Memo
+ By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
+ applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
+ have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she become
+ aware will be disclosed, in accordance with RFC 3668.
- This document is an Internet-Draft and is subject to all provisions
- of Section 10 of RFC2026.
+ This document is intended to be published as a Standards Track RFC,
+ replacing RFC 2255. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
+ Technical discussion of this document will take place on the IETF
+ LDAP (v3) Revision (ldapbis) Working Group mailing list
+ <ietf-ldapbis@openldap.org>. Please send editorial comments directly
+ to the editor <mcs@pearlcrescent.com>.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
- other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
- Drafts.
+ other groups may also distribute working documents as
+ Internet-Drafts.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
- time. It is inappropriate to use Internet- Drafts as reference
- material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
+ time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
+ material or to cite them other than a "work in progress."
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/1id-abstracts.html
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
- Discussion of this document should take place on the LDAP (v3)
- Revision (ldapbis) Working Group mailing list <ietf-
- ldapbis@openldap.org>.
-
-Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). All Rights Reserved.
-
-2. Abstract
+ Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). All Rights Reserved.
+ Please see the Full Copyright section near the end of this document
+ for more information.
- This document describes a format for an LDAP Uniform Resource Locator
- (URL). An LDAP URL describes an LDAP search operation that is used
- to retrieve information from an LDAP directory, or, in the context of
- an LDAPv3 referral or reference, an LDAP URL describes a service
- where an LDAP operation may be progressed.
Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 1]
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-
-
-3. Table of Contents
-
-1. Status of this Memo............................................1
-2. Abstract.......................................................1
-3. Table of Contents..............................................2
-4. Introduction...................................................2
-5. URL Definition.................................................3
-5.1. Escaping Using the % Method.................................4
-6. Defaults for Fields of the LDAP URL............................5
-7. Examples.......................................................5
-8. Security Considerations........................................7
-9. Normative References...........................................8
-10. Informative References.........................................9
-11. Intellectual Property Rights...................................9
-12. Acknowledgements...............................................10
-13. Authors' Addresses.............................................10
-14. Full Copyright Statement.......................................11
-15. Appendix A: Changes Since RFC 2255.............................11
-15.1. Technical Changes...........................................11
-15.2. Editorial Changes...........................................12
-16. Appendix B: Changes Since Previous Document Revision...........13
-16.1. Technical Changes...........................................14
-16.2. Editorial Changes...........................................14
-
-4. Introduction
-
- LDAP is the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, defined in
- [Protocol]. This document specifies the LDAP URL format for version
- 3 of LDAP and clarifies how LDAP URLs are resolved. This document
- also defines an extension mechanism for LDAP URLs, so that future
- documents can extend their functionality, for example, to provide
- access to new LDAPv3 extensions as they are defined. Note: not all
- of the parameters of the LDAP search operation described in
- [Protocol] can be expressed using the format defined in this
- document.
-
- This document is an integral part of the LDAP Technical Specification
- [Roadmap].
+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
- This document replaces RFC 2255. See Appendix A for a list of changes
- relative to RFC 2255.
- The key words "MUST", "MAY", and "SHOULD" used in this document are
- to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
+Abstract
+
+ This document describes a format for a Lightweight Directory Access
+ Protocol (LDAP) Uniform Resource Locator (URL). An LDAP URL
+ describes an LDAP search operation that is used to retrieve
+ information from an LDAP directory, or, in the context of an LDAP
+ referral or reference, an LDAP URL describes a service where an LDAP
+ operation may be progressed.
+
+Table of Contents
+
+ Status of this Memo............................................1
+ Abstract.......................................................2
+ Table of Contents..............................................2
+1. Introduction...................................................2
+2. URL Definition.................................................3
+2.1. Percent-Encoding............................................5
+3. Defaults for Fields of the LDAP URL............................5
+4. Examples.......................................................6
+5. Security Considerations........................................8
+6. IANA Considerations............................................9
+7. Normative References...........................................9
+8. Informative References.........................................10
+9. Acknowledgements...............................................10
+10. Authors' Addresses.............................................11
+11. Appendix A: Changes Since RFC 2255.............................11
+11.1. Technical Changes...........................................11
+11.2. Editorial Changes...........................................12
+12. Appendix B: Changes Since Previous Document Revision...........14
+12.1. Technical Changes...........................................14
+12.2. Editorial Changes...........................................14
+ Intellectual Property Rights...................................14
+ Full Copyright.................................................15
+
+1. Introduction
+ LDAP is the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol [Roadmap]. This
+ document specifies the LDAP URL format for version 3 of LDAP and
+ clarifies how LDAP URLs are resolved. This document also defines an
+ extension mechanism for LDAP URLs. This mechanism may be used to
+ provide access to new LDAP extensions.
+ Note that not all of the parameters of the LDAP search operation
+ described in [Protocol] can be expressed using the format defined in
+ this document. Note also that URLs may be used to represent reference
+ knowledge, including for non-search operations.
Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 2]
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+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
-5. URL Definition
+ This document is a integral part of the LDAP technical specification
+ [Roadmap] which obsoletes the previously defined LDAP technical
+ specification, RFC 3377, in its entirety.
+
+ This document replaces RFC 2255. See Appendix A for a list of changes
+ relative to RFC 2255.
+
+ The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
+ "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
+ document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119].
+
+2. URL Definition
An LDAP URL begins with the protocol prefix "ldap" and is defined by
the following grammar, following the ABNF notation defined in
[RFC2234].
- ldapurl = scheme COLON SLASH SLASH [hostport] [SLASH dn
- [QUESTION [attributes] [QUESTION [scope]
- [QUESTION [filter] [QUESTION extensions]]]]]
+ ldapurl = scheme COLON SLASH SLASH [host [COLON port]]
+ [SLASH dn [QUESTION [attributes]
+ [QUESTION [scope] [QUESTION [filter]
+ [QUESTION extensions]]]]]
+ ; <host> and <port> are defined
+ ; in Sections 3.2.2 and 3.2.3
+ ; of [RFC2396bis].
+ ; <filter> is from Section 3 of
+ ; [Filters], subject to the
+ ; provisions of the
+ ; "Percent-Encoding" section
+ ; below.
+
scheme = "ldap"
- hostport = <hostport from Section 3.2.2 of [RFC2396]>
- ; as updated by [RFC2732] to allow IPv6 literal addresses
- dn = <distinguishedName from Section 3 of [LDAPDN]>
- ; see the "Escaping Using the % Method" section below.
+
+ dn = distinguishedName ; From Section 3 of [LDAPDN],
+ ; subject to the provisions of
+ ; the "Percent-Encoding"
+ ; section below.
+
attributes = attrdesc *(COMMA attrdesc)
- attrdesc = <AttributeDescription from Section 4.1.4 of [Protocol]>
- / ASTERISK
- ; see the "Escaping Using the % Method" section below.
+ attrdesc = selector *(COMMA selector)
+ selector = attributeSelector ; From Section 4.5.1 of
+ ; [Protocol], subject to the
+ ; provisions of the
+ ; "Percent-Encoding" section
+ ; below.
+
scope = "base" / "one" / "sub"
- filter = <filter from Section 4 of [Filters]>
- ; see the "Escaping Using the % Method" section below.
extensions = extension *(COMMA extension)
extension = [EXCLAMATION] extype [EQUALS exvalue]
- extype = oid / oiddescr
- exvalue = <LDAPString from section 4.1.2 of [Protocol]>
- ; see the "Escaping Using the % Method" section below.
- oid = <LDAPOID from section 4.1.2 of [Protocol]>
- oiddescr = <name from section 3.3 of [LDAPIANA]>
- EXCLAMATION = %x21 ; exclamation mark ("!")
- ASTERISK = %x2A ; asterisk ("*")
- COLON = %x3A ; colon (":")
- QUESTION = %x3F ; question mark ("?")
- SLASH = %x5C; forward slash ("/")
- The "ldap" prefix indicates an entry or entries residing in the LDAP
- server running on the given hostname at the given portnumber. Note
- that the hostport may contain literal IPv6 addresses as specified in
- [RFC2732].
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 3]
+\f
+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
+
+
+ extype = oid ; From section 1.4 of [Models].
- The dn is an LDAP Distinguished Name using the string format
- described in [LDAPDN]. It identifies the base object of the LDAP
- search or the target of a non-search operation.
+ exvalue = LDAPString ; From section 4.1.2 of
+ ; [Protocol], subject to the
+ ; provisions of the
+ ; "Percent-Encoding" section
+ ; below.
- The attributes construct is used to indicate which attributes should
- be returned from the entry or entries. Individual attrdesc names are
- as defined for AttributeDescription in [Protocol].
+ EXCLAMATION = %x21 ; exclamation mark ("!")
+ SLASH = %x2F ; forward slash ("/")
+ COLON = %x3A ; colon (":")
+ QUESTION = %x3F ; question mark ("?")
+ The "ldap" prefix indicates an entry or entries accessible from the
+ LDAP server running on the given hostname at the given portnumber.
+ Note that the <host> may contain literal IPv6 addresses as specified
+ in Section 3.2.2 of [RFC2396bis].
-Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 3]
-\f
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+ The <dn> is an LDAP Distinguished Name using the string format
+ described in [LDAPDN]. It identifies the base object of the LDAP
+ search or the target of a non-search operation.
+ The <attributes> construct is used to indicate which attributes
+ should be returned from the entry or entries.
- The scope construct is used to specify the scope of the search to
+ The <scope> construct is used to specify the scope of the search to
perform in the given LDAP server. The allowable scopes are "base"
for a base object search, "one" for a one-level search, or "sub" for
a subtree search.
- The filter is used to specify the search filter to apply to entries
+ The <filter> is used to specify the search filter to apply to entries
within the specified scope during the search. It has the format
specified in [Filters].
- The extensions construct provides the LDAP URL with an extensibility
- mechanism, allowing the capabilities of the URL to be extended in the
- future. Extensions are a simple comma-separated list of type=value
- pairs, where the =value portion MAY be omitted for options not
- requiring it. Each type=value pair is a separate extension. These
- LDAP URL extensions are not necessarily related to any of the LDAPv3
- extension mechanisms. Extensions may be supported or unsupported by
- the client resolving the URL. An extension prefixed with a '!'
- character (ASCII 33) is critical. An extension not prefixed with a
- '!' character is non-critical.
-
- If an LDAP URL extension is recognized by an implementation, the
+ The <extensions> construct provides the LDAP URL with an
+ extensibility mechanism, allowing the capabilities of the URL to be
+ extended in the future. Extensions are a simple comma-separated list
+ of type=value pairs, where the =value portion MAY be omitted for
+ options not requiring it. Each type=value pair is a separate
+ extension. These LDAP URL extensions are not necessarily related to
+ any of the LDAP extension mechanisms. Extensions may be supported or
+ unsupported by the client resolving the URL. An extension prefixed
+ with a '!' character (ASCII 0x21) is critical. An extension not
+ prefixed with a '!' character is non-critical.
+
+ If an LDAP URL extension is implemented (that is, if the
+ implementation understands it and is able to use it), the
+
+
+
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 4]
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+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
+
+
implementation MUST make use of it. If an extension is not
- recognized and is marked critical, the implementation MUST NOT
- process the URL. If an extension is not recognized and it not marked
- critical, the implementation MUST ignore the extension.
+ implemented and is marked critical, the implementation MUST NOT
+ process the URL. If an extension is not implemented and it not
+ marked critical, the implementation MUST ignore the extension.
- The extension type (extype) MAY be specified using the oid form
- (e.g., 1.2.3.4) or the oiddesc form (e.g., myLDAPURLExtension). Use
- of the oiddesc form SHOULD be restricted to registered object
- identifier descriptive names. See [LDAPIANA] for registration
- details and usage guidelines for descriptive names.
+ The extension type (<extype>) MAY be specified using the numeric OID
+ <numericoid> form (e.g., 1.2.3.4) or the descriptor <descr> form
+ (e.g., myLDAPURLExtension). Use of the <descr> form SHOULD be
+ restricted to registered object identifier descriptive names. See
+ [LDAPIANA] for registration details and usage guidelines for
+ descriptive names.
No LDAP URL extensions are defined in this document. Other documents
or a future version of this document MAY define one or more
extensions.
-5.1. Escaping Using the % Method
+2.1. Percent-Encoding
A generated LDAP URL MUST consist only of the restricted set of
- characters included in the uric production that is defined in section
- 2 of [RFC2396]. Implementations SHOULD accept other valid UTF-8
- strings [RFC3629] as input. An octet MUST be escaped using the %
- method described in section 2.4 of [RFC2396] in any of these
- situations:
+ characters included in one of the following three productions defined
+ in [RFC2396bis]:
- The octet is not in the reserved set defined in section 2.2 of
- [RFC2396] or in the unreserved set defined in section 2.3 of
- [RFC2396].
+ <reserved>
+ <unreserved>
+ <pct-encoded>
+ Implementations SHOULD accept other valid UTF-8 strings [RFC3629] as
+ input. An octet MUST be encoded using the percent-encoding mechanism
+ described in section 2.1 of [RFC2396bis] in any of these situations:
+ The octet is not in the reserved set defined in section 2.2 of
+ [RFC2396bis] or in the unreserved set defined in section 2.3 of
+ [RFC2396bis].
-Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 4]
-\f
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-
+ It is the single Reserved character '?' and occurs inside a <dn>,
+ <filter>, or other element of an LDAP URL.
- It is the single Reserved character '?' and occurs inside a dn,
- filter, or other element of an LDAP URL.
+ It is a comma character ',' that occurs inside an <exvalue>.
- It is a comma character ',' that occurs inside an extension value.
+ Note that before the percent-encoding mechanism is applied, the
+ extensions component of the LDAP URL may contain one or more null
+ (zero) bytes. No other component may.
-6. Defaults for Fields of the LDAP URL
+3. Defaults for Fields of the LDAP URL
Some fields of the LDAP URL are optional, as described above. In the
absence of any other specification, the following general defaults
- SHOULD be used when a field is absent. Note: other documents MAY
+ SHOULD be used when a field is absent. Note that other documents MAY
+
+
+
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 5]
+\f
+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
+
+
specify different defaulting rules; for example, section 4.1.10 of
[Protocol] specifies a different rule for determining the correct DN
to use when it is absent in an LDAP URL that is returned as a
referral.
- hostport
- The default LDAP port is TCP port 389. If no hostport is given,
- the client must have some apriori knowledge of an appropriate LDAP
- server to contact.
+ <host>
+ If no <host> is given, the client must have some apriori knowledge
+ of an appropriate LDAP server to contact.
- dn
- If no dn is given, the default is the zero-length DN, "".
+ <port>
+ The default LDAP port is TCP port 389.
- attributes
- If the attributes part is omitted, all user attributes of the
+ <dn>
+ If no <dn> is given, the default is the zero-length DN, "".
+
+ <attributes>
+ If the <attributes> part is omitted, all user attributes of the
entry or entries should be requested (e.g., by setting the
attributes field AttributeDescriptionList in the LDAP search
- request to a NULL list, or (in LDAPv3) by requesting the special
- attribute name "*").
+ request to a NULL list, or by using the special <alluserattrs>
+ selector "*").
- scope
- If scope is omitted, a scope of "base" is assumed.
+ <scope>
+ If <scope> is omitted, a <scope> of "base" is assumed.
- filter
- If filter is omitted, a filter of "(objectClass=*)" is assumed.
+ <filter>
+ If <filter> is omitted, a filter of "(objectClass=*)" is assumed.
- extensions
- If extensions is omitted, no extensions are assumed.
+ <extensions>
+ If <extensions> is omitted, no extensions are assumed.
-7. Examples
+4. Examples
The following are some example LDAP URLs using the format defined
above. The first example is an LDAP URL referring to the University
of Michigan entry, available from an LDAP server of the client's
choosing:
-
-
-
-
-Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 5]
-\f
-INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 13 February 2004
-
-
ldap:///o=University%20of%20Michigan,c=US
The next example is an LDAP URL referring to the University of
Both of these URLs correspond to a base object search of the
"o=University of Michigan,c=US" entry using a filter of
+
+
+
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 6]
+\f
+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
+
+
"(objectclass=*)", requesting all attributes.
The next example is an LDAP URL referring to only the postalAddress
The next example is an LDAP URL referring to all children of the c=GB
entry:
- ldap://ldap1.example.com/c=GB?objectClass?one
+ LDAP://ldap1.example.com/c=GB?objectClass?ONE
The objectClass attribute is requested to be returned along with the
entries, and the default filter of "(objectclass=*)" is used.
The next example is an LDAP URL to retrieve the mail attribute for
the LDAP entry named "o=Question?,c=US" is given below, illustrating
- the use of the escaping mechanism on the reserved character '?'.
+ the use of the percent-encoding mechanism on the reserved character
+ '?'.
ldap://ldap2.example.com/o=Question%3f,c=US?mail
illustrates the interaction between the LDAP string representation of
filters quoting mechanism and URL quoting mechanisms.
-
-
-
-
-Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 6]
-\f
-INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 13 February 2004
-
-
ldap://ldap3.example.com/o=Babsco,c=US
???(four-octet=%5c00%5c00%5c00%5c04)
The filter in this example uses the LDAP escaping mechanism of \ to
encode three zero or null bytes in the value. In LDAP, the filter
would be written as (four-octet=\00\00\00\04). Because the \
- character must be escaped in a URL, the \'s are escaped as %5c in the
- URL encoding.
+ character must be escaped in a URL, the \'s are percent-encoded as
+ %5c (or %5C) in the URL encoding.
+
+
+
+
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 7]
+\f
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+
The next example illustrates the interaction between the LDAP string
representation of DNs quoting mechanism and URL quoting mechanisms.
- ldap://ldap.example.com/o=An%20Example%5c2c%20Inc.,c=US
+ ldap://ldap.example.com/o=An%20Example%5C2C%20Inc.,c=US
The DN encoded in the above URL is:
- o=An Example\2c Inc.,c=US
+ o=An Example\2C Inc.,c=US
That is, the left-most RDN value is:
ldap:///??sub??e-bindname=cn=Manager%2cdc=example%2cdc=com
ldap:///??sub??!e-bindname=cn=Manager%2cdc=example%2cdc=com
- The two URLs are the same, except that the second one marks the e-
- bindname extension as critical. Notice the use of the % encoding
- method to encode the commas within the distinguished name value in
- the e-bindname extension.
+ The two URLs are the same, except that the second one marks the
+ e-bindname extension as critical. Notice the use of the
+ percent-encoding mechanism to encode the commas within the
+ distinguished name value in the e-bindname extension.
-8. Security Considerations
+5. Security Considerations
- General URL security considerations discussed in [RFC2396] are
+ General URL security considerations discussed in [RFC2396bis] are
relevant for LDAP URLs.
+ The use of security mechanisms when processing LDAP URLs requires
+ particular care, since clients may encounter many different servers
+ via URLs, and since URLs are likely to be processed automatically,
+ without user intervention. A client SHOULD have a user-configurable
+ policy that controls which servers the client will establish LDAP
+ sessions with using which security mechanisms, and SHOULD NOT
+ establish LDAP sessions that are inconsistent with this policy. If a
+ client chooses to reuse an existing LDAP session when resolving one
+
-Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 7]
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 8]
\f
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+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
- The use of security mechanisms when processing LDAP URLs requires
- particular care, since clients may encounter many different servers
- via URLs, and since URLs are likely to be processed automatically,
- without user intervention. A client SHOULD have a user-configurable
- policy about which servers to connect to using which security
- mechanisms, and SHOULD NOT make connections that are inconsistent
- with this policy. If a client chooses to reuse an existing
- connection when resolving one or more LDAP URL, it MUST ensure that
- the connection is compatible with the URL and that no security
- policies are violated.
+ or more LDAP URLs, it MUST ensure that the session is compatible with
+ the URL and that no security policies are violated.
Sending authentication information, no matter the mechanism, may
violate a user's privacy requirements. In the absence of specific
policy permitting authentication information to be sent to a server,
- a client should use an anonymous connection. (Note that clients
- conforming to previous LDAP URL specifications, where all connections
- are anonymous and unprotected, are consistent with this
+ a client should use an anonymous LDAP session. (Note that clients
+ conforming to previous LDAP URL specifications, where all LDAP
+ sessions are anonymous and unprotected, are consistent with this
specification; they simply have the default security policy.) Simply
- opening a connection to another server may violate some users'
- privacy requirements, so clients should provide the user with a way
- to control URL processing.
+ opening a transport connection to another server may violate some
+ users' privacy requirements, so clients should provide the user with
+ a way to control URL processing.
Some authentication methods, in particular reusable passwords sent to
the server, may reveal easily-abused information to the remote server
search, etc. The security implications of resolving an LDAP URL are
the same as those of resolving an LDAP search query.
-9. Normative References
+6. IANA Considerations
+
+ This document has no actions for IANA.
+
+7. Normative References
[AuthMeth] Harrison, R. (editor), "LDAP: Authentication Methods",
draft-ietf-ldapbis-authmeth-xx.txt, a work in progress. a
[LDAPDN] Zeilenga, K. (editor), "LDAP: String Representation of
Distinguished Names", draft-ietf-ldapbis-dn-xx.txt, a work
+ in progress.
+[Filters] Smith, M. and Howes, T., "LDAP: String Representation of
+ Search Filters", draft-ietf-ldapbis-filter-xx.txt, a work in
-Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 8]
-\f
-INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 13 February 2004
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 9]
+\f
+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
- in progress.
-[Filters] Smith, M. and Howes, T., "LDAP: String Representation of
- Search Filters", draft-ietf-ldapbis-filter-xx.txt, a work in
progress.
-[LDAPIANA] Zeilenga, K., "IANA Considerations for LDAP", draft-ietf-
- ldapbis-bcp64-xx.txt, a work in progress.
-
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key Words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels," RFC 2119, BCP 14, March 1997.
-[Protocol] Sermersheim, J. (editor), "LDAP: The Protocol", draft-ietf-
- ldapbis-protocol-xx.txt, a work in progress.
+[Protocol] Sermersheim, J. (editor), "LDAP: The Protocol",
+ draft-ietf-ldapbis-protocol-xx.txt, a work in progress.
[RFC2234] Crocker, D., Overell, P., "Augmented BNF for Syntax
Specifications: ABNF", RFC 2234, November 1997.
-[RFC2396] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and Masinter, L., "Uniform
- Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", RFC 2396,
- August 1998.
-
-[RFC2732] Hinden, R., Carpenter, B., Masinter, L., "Format for Literal
- IPv6 Addresses in URL's", RFC 2732, December 1999.
+[RFC2396bis]
+ Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R. and Masinter, L., "Uniform
+ Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax",
+ draft-fielding-uri-rfc2396bis-xx.txt, a work in progress.
[Roadmap] K. Zeilenga (editor), "LDAP: Technical Specification Road
Map", draft-ietf-ldapbis-roadmap-xx.txt, a work in progress.
[RFC3629] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646",
RFC 3629, November 2003.
-10. Informative References
-
- None.
-
-11. Intellectual Property Rights
-
- The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
- intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to
- pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
- this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
- might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it
- has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the
- IETF's procedures with respect to rights in standards-track and
- standards-related documentation can be found in BCP-11. Copies of
- claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of
- licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to
- obtain a general license or permission for the use of such
+8. Informative References
+[LDAPIANA] Zeilenga, K., "IANA Considerations for LDAP",
+ draft-ietf-ldapbis-bcp64-xx.txt, a work in progress. None.
-
-Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 9]
-\f
-INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 13 February 2004
-
-
- proprietary rights by implementors or users of this specification can
- be obtained from the IETF Secretariat.
-
- The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
- copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
- rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice
- this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive
- Director.
-
-12. Acknowledgements
+9. Acknowledgements
The LDAP URL format was originally defined at the University of
Michigan. This material is based upon work supported by the National
Kurt Zeilenga, Jim Sermersheim, and Hallvard Furuseth deserve special
thanks for their contributions.
-13. Authors' Addresses
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 10]
+\f
+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
+
+
+10. Authors' Addresses
Mark Smith, Editor
Pearl Crescent, LLC
+1 408 744-7509
howes@opsware.com
+11. Appendix A: Changes Since RFC 2255
-
-
-
-
-
-Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 10]
-\f
-INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 13 February 2004
-
-
-14. Full Copyright Statement
-
- Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). All Rights Reserved.
-
- This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
- others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
- or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
- and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
- kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
- included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
- document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
- the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
- Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
- developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
- copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
- followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
- English.
-
- The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
- revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
-
- This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
- "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
- TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
- BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
- HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
-
-15. Appendix A: Changes Since RFC 2255
-
-15.1. Technical Changes
+11.1. Technical Changes
The following technical changes were made to the contents of the "URL
Definition" section:
Revised all of the ABNF to use common productions from [Models].
- Added note and references to [RFC2732] to allow literal IPv6
- addresses inside the hostport portion of the URL.
-
- Added missing ASTERISK as an alternative for the attrdesc part of the
- URL. It is believed that existing implementations of RFC 2255
+ Replaced references to [RFC2396] with a reference to [RFC2396bis]
+ (this allows literal IPv6 addresses to be used inside the <host>
+ portion of the URL, and a note was added to remind the reader of this
+ enhancement). Referencing [RFC2396bis] required changes to the ABNF
+ and text so that productions that are no longer defined by
+ [RFC2396bis] are not used. For example, <hostport> is not defined by
+ [RFC2396bis] so it has been replaced with host [COLON port]. Note:
+ [RFC2396bis] includes new definitions for the "Reserved" and
+ "Unreserved" sets of characters, and the net result is that the
+ following two additional characters should be percent-encoded when
+ they appear anywhere in the data used to construct an LDAP URL: "["
+ and "]" (these two characters were first added to the Reserved set by
+ RFC 2732).
+
+ Changed the definition of <attrdesc> to refer to <attributeSelector>
+ from [Protocol]. This allows use of "*" in the <attrdesc> part of
+ the URL. It is believed that existing implementations of RFC 2255
already support this.
- Added angle brackets around free-form prose in the "dn", "hostport",
- "attrdesc", "filter", and "exvalue" rules.
-
-
+ Avoided use of <prose-val> (bracketed-string) productions in the
+ <dn>, <host>, <attrdesc>, and <exvalue> rules.
Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 11]
\f
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+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
- Changed the ABNF for ldapurl to group the dn component with the
- preceding slash.
+ Changed the ABNF for <ldapurl> to group the <dn> component with the
+ preceding <SLASH>.
- Changed the extype rule to be an LDAPOID from [Protocol] or an OID
- description from [LDAPIANA].
+ Changed the <extype> rule to be an <oid> from [Models].
Changed the text about extension types so it references [LDAPIANA].
Reordered rules to more closely follow the order the elements appear
"Bindname Extension": removed due to lack of known implementations.
-15.2. Editorial Changes
+11.2. Editorial Changes
Changed document title to include "LDAP:" prefix.
"Abstract" section: separated from introductory material.
- "Table of Contents" section: added.
+ "Table of Contents" and "IANA Considerations" sections: added.
"Introduction" section: new section; separated from the Abstract.
Changed the text indicate that RFC 2255 is replaced by this document
LDAP search operation described in [Protocol] can be expressed using
this format.
- "URL Definition" section: removed second copy of ldapurl grammar and
- following two paragraphs (editorial error in RFC 2255). Fixed line
- break within '!' sequence. Reworded last paragraph to clarify which
- characters must be URL escaped. Added text to indicate that LDAP
- URLs are used for references and referrals. Added text that refers
- to the ABNF from RFC 2234. Clarified and strengthened the
- requirements with respect to processing of URLs that contain
- recognized and unrecognized extensions (the approach now matches that
- specified in [Protocol] for LDAP controls).
-
- "Defaults for Fields of the LDAP URL" section: added; formed by
- moving text about defaults out of the "URL Definition" section.
+ "URL Definition" section: removed second copy of <ldapurl> grammar
+ and following two paragraphs (editorial error in RFC 2255). Fixed
+ line break within '!' sequence. Reformatted the ABNF to improve
+ readability by aligning comments and adding some blank lines.
+ Replaced "residing in the LDAP server" with "accessible from the LDAP
+ server" in the sentence immediately following the ABNF. Removed the
+ sentence "Individual attrdesc names are as defined for
+ AttributeDescription in [Protocol]." because [Protocol]'s
+ <attributeSelector> is now used directly in the ABNF. Reworded last
+ paragraph to clarify which characters must be percent-encoded. Added
+ text to indicate that LDAP URLs are used for references and
+ referrals. Added text that refers to the ABNF from RFC 2234.
+ Clarified and strengthened the requirements with respect to
Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 12]
\f
-INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 13 February 2004
+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
+
+ processing of URLs that contain implements and not implemented
+ extensions (the approach now closely matches that specified in
+ [Protocol] for LDAP controls).
- "URL Processing" section: clarified that connections MAY be reused
- only if the open connection is compatible with the URL. Added text
- to indicate that use of security services is encouraged and that they
- SHOULD be used when updates are involved. Removed "dn" from
- discussion of authentication methods. Added note that the client MAY
- interrogate the server to determine the most appropriate method.
+ "Defaults for Fields of the LDAP URL" section: added; formed by
+ moving text about defaults out of the "URL Definition" section.
+ Replaced direct reference to the attribute name "*" with a reference
+ to the special <alluserattrs> selector "*" defined in [Protocol].
+
+ "URL Processing" section: removed.
"Examples" section: Modified examples to use example.com and
example.net hostnames. Added missing '?' to the LDAP URL example
comma within a DN. Revised the bindname example to use e-bindname.
Changed the name of an attribute used in one example from "int" to
"four-octet" to avoid potential confusion. Added an example that
- demonstrates the interaction between DN escaping and URL escaping.
- Added some examples to show URL equivalence with respect to the dn
- portion of the URL.
+ demonstrates the interaction between DN escaping and URL
+ percent-encoding. Added some examples to show URL equivalence with
+ respect to the <dn> portion of the URL. Used uppercase in some
+ examples to remind the reader that some tokens are case-insensitive.
"Security Considerations" section: Added a note about connection
reuse. Added a note about using strong authentication methods for
updates. Added a reference to [AuthMeth]. Added note that simply
opening a connection may violate some users' privacy requirements.
+ Adopted the working group's revised LDAP terminology specification by
+ replacing the word "connection" with "LDAP session" or "LDAP
+ connection" as appropriate.
"Acknowledgements" section: added statement about this being an
update to RFC 2255. Added Kurt Zeilenga, Jim Sermersheim, and
"Normative References" section: renamed from "References" per new RFC
guidelines. Changed from [1] style to [Protocol] style throughout the
- document. Added references to RFC 2234, RFC 2732, and RFC 3629.
- Updated all RFC 1738 references to point to the appropriate sections
- within RFC 2396. Updated the LDAP references to refer to LDAPBis WG
+ document. Added references to RFC 2234 and RFC 3629. Updated all
+ RFC 1738 references to point to the appropriate sections within
+ [RFC2396bis]. Updated the LDAP references to refer to LDAPBis WG
documents. Removed the reference to the LDAP Attribute Syntaxes
document and added references to the [AuthMeth], [LDAPIANA], and
[Roadmap] documents.
- "Informative References" section: added for clarity.
+ "Informative References" section: added.
Header and "Authors' Addresses" sections: added "editor" next to Mark
Smith's name. Updated affiliation and contact information.
+
+
+
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 13]
+\f
+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
+
+
Copyright: updated the year.
+ Throughout the document: surrounded the names of all ABNF productions
+ with "<" and ">" where they are used in descriptive text.
+
-16. Appendix B: Changes Since Previous Document Revision
+
+12. Appendix B: Changes Since Previous Document Revision
This appendix lists all changes relative to the previously published
- revision, draft-ietf-ldapbis-url-04.txt. Note that when appropriate
+ revision, draft-ietf-ldapbis-url-08.txt. Note that when appropriate
these changes are also included in Appendix A, but are also included
+ here for the benefit of the people who have already reviewed
+ draft-ietf-ldapbis-url-08.txt. This section will be removed before
+ this document is published as an RFC.
+12.1. Technical Changes
+ Throughout the document: Replaced references to [RFC2396] and
+ [RFC2732] with references to [RFC2396bis]. This required changes to
+ the ABNF and text so that productions that are no longer defined by
+ [RFC2396bis] are not used. For example, <hostport> is not defined by
+ [RFC2396bis] so it has been replaced with host [COLON port]. Note:
+ [RFC2396bis] includes new definitions for the "Reserved" and
+ "Unreserved" sets of characters, and the net result is that the
+ following two additional characters should be percent-encoded when
+ they appear anywhere in the data used to construct an LDAP URL: "["
+ and "]" (these two characters were first added to the Reserved set by
+ RFC 2732).
-Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 13]
-\f
-INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 13 February 2004
+12.2. Editorial Changes
+ Throughout the document: Replaced phrases like "Escaping using the %
+ method" with "Percent-encoding" to be consistent with the terminology
+ used in [RFC2396bis].
- here for the benefit of the people who have already reviewed draft-
- ietf-ldapbis-url-04.txt. This section will be removed before this
- document is published as an RFC.
+ "URL Definition" section: For consistency, replaced all occurrences
+ of the phrase 'see the "Percent-Encoding" section below' with
+ 'subject to the provisions of the "Percent-Encoding" section below.'
+ Updated the copyright year to 2005.
-16.1. Technical Changes
- Clarified and strengthened the requirements with respect to
- processing of URLs that contain recognized and unrecognized
- extensions (the approach now matches that specified in [Protocol] for
- LDAP controls).
+Intellectual Property Rights
+ The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
+ Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
+ pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
-16.2. Editorial Changes
- "URL Definition" section: corrected a section reference to
- [Protocol].
- "Examples" section: improved formatting and fixed a typographic error
- (removed extraneous "IP") in the "four-octet" example.
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 14]
+\f
+INTERNET-DRAFT LDAP: Uniform Resource Locator 4 January 2005
- "Normative References" section: changed the UTF-8 reference to point
- to RFC 3629, changed the RFC 3383 reference to point to the LDAP IANA
- Internet Draft, and indented the reference descriptions to enhance
- readability.
- Authors' Addresses section: New contact information for Mark Smith.
+ this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
+ might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has
+ made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information
+ on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be
+ found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.
+
+ Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
+ assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
+ attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
+ such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this
+ specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at
+ http://www.ietf.org/ipr.
- Updated the copyright year to 2004.
+ The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
+ copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
+ rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
+ this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at
+ ietf-ipr@ietf.org.
+Full Copyright
-This Internet Draft expires on 13 August 2004.
+ Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005). This document is subject
+ to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and
+ except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights.
+ This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
+ "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS
+ OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET
+ ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
+ INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE
+ INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
+ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+This Internet Draft expires on 4 July 2005.
-Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 14]
+Smith & Howes Intended Category: Standards Track [Page 15]
\f
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