static int     get_ssa(
        Operation *op,
        BerElement *ber,
-       SubstringsAssertion **s,
+       Filter *f,
        const char **text );
 
 static void simple_vrFilter2bv(
         *              substrings      [4]     SubstringFilter,
         *              greaterOrEqual  [5]     AttributeValueAssertion,
         *              lessOrEqual     [6]     AttributeValueAssertion,
-        *              present         [7]     AttributeType,,
-        *              approxMatch     [8]     AttributeValueAssertion
+        *              present         [7]     AttributeType,
+        *              approxMatch     [8]     AttributeValueAssertion,
         *              extensibleMatch [9]     MatchingRuleAssertion
         *      }
         *
        switch ( f.f_choice ) {
        case LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "EQUALITY\n", 0, 0, 0 );
-               err = get_ava( op, ber, &f.f_ava, SLAP_MR_EQUALITY, text );
+               err = get_ava( op, ber, &f, SLAP_MR_EQUALITY, text );
                if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
 
        case LDAP_FILTER_SUBSTRINGS:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "SUBSTRINGS\n", 0, 0, 0 );
-               err = get_ssa( op, ber, &f.f_sub, text );
+               err = get_ssa( op, ber, &f, text );
                if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
 
        case LDAP_FILTER_GE:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "GE\n", 0, 0, 0 );
-               err = get_ava( op, ber, &f.f_ava, SLAP_MR_ORDERING, text );
+               err = get_ava( op, ber, &f, SLAP_MR_ORDERING, text );
                if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
 
        case LDAP_FILTER_LE:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "LE\n", 0, 0, 0 );
-               err = get_ava( op, ber, &f.f_ava, SLAP_MR_ORDERING, text );
+               err = get_ava( op, ber, &f, SLAP_MR_ORDERING, text );
                if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
                err = slap_bv2ad( &type, &f.f_desc, text );
 
                if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
-                       err = slap_bv2undef_ad( &type, &f.f_desc, text,
-                               SLAP_AD_PROXIED|SLAP_AD_NOINSERT );
-
+                       f.f_choice |= SLAPD_FILTER_UNDEFINED;
+                       err = slap_bv2undef_ad( &type, &f.f_desc, text, SLAP_AD_PROXIED);
                        if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                                /* unrecognized attribute description or other error */
                                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, 
                                        "type=%s (%d)\n",
                                        op->o_connid, type.bv_val, err );
 
-                               f.f_choice = SLAPD_FILTER_COMPUTED;
-                               f.f_result = LDAP_COMPARE_FALSE;
                                err = LDAP_SUCCESS;
-                               *text = NULL;
-                               break;
                        }
+                       *text = NULL;
                }
 
                assert( f.f_desc != NULL );
 
        case LDAP_FILTER_APPROX:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "APPROX\n", 0, 0, 0 );
-               err = get_ava( op, ber, &f.f_ava, SLAP_MR_EQUALITY_APPROX, text );
+               err = get_ava( op, ber, &f, SLAP_MR_EQUALITY_APPROX, text );
                if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
        case LDAP_FILTER_EXT:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "EXTENSIBLE\n", 0, 0, 0 );
 
-               err = get_mra( op, ber, &f.f_mra, text );
+               err = get_mra( op, ber, &f, text );
                if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
 get_ssa(
        Operation *op,
        BerElement      *ber,
-       SubstringsAssertion     **out,
+       Filter          *f,
        const char      **text )
 {
        ber_tag_t       tag;
        SubstringsAssertion ssa;
 
        *text = "error decoding filter";
-       *out = NULL;
 
        Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "begin get_ssa\n", 0, 0, 0 );
        if ( ber_scanf( ber, "{m" /*}*/, &desc ) == LBER_ERROR ) {
        rc = slap_bv2ad( &desc, &ssa.sa_desc, text );
 
        if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
-               rc = slap_bv2undef_ad( &desc, &ssa.sa_desc, text,
-                       SLAP_AD_PROXIED|SLAP_AD_NOINSERT );
-
+               f->f_choice |= SLAPD_FILTER_UNDEFINED;
+               rc = slap_bv2undef_ad( &desc, &ssa.sa_desc, text, SLAP_AD_PROXIED);
                if( rc != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_ANY, 
                                "get_ssa: conn %lu unknown attribute type=%s (%ld)\n",
        }
 
        if( rc == LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
-               *out = op->o_tmpalloc( sizeof( ssa ), op->o_tmpmemctx );
-               **out = ssa;
+               f->f_sub = op->o_tmpalloc( sizeof( ssa ), op->o_tmpmemctx );
+               *f->f_sub = ssa;
        }
 
        Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "end get_ssa\n", 0, 0, 0 );
                return;
        }
 
+       f->f_choice &= SLAPD_FILTER_MASK;
+
        switch ( f->f_choice ) {
        case LDAP_FILTER_PRESENT:
                break;
                        ber_bvunknown = BER_BVC( "(?=unknown)" ),
                        ber_bvnone = BER_BVC( "(?=none)" );
        ber_len_t       len;
+       ber_tag_t       choice;
+       int undef;
+       char *sign;
 
        if ( f == NULL ) {
                ber_dupbv_x( fstr, &ber_bvnone, op->o_tmpmemctx );
                return;
        }
 
-       switch ( f->f_choice ) {
-       case LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY:
-               filter_escape_value_x( &f->f_av_value, &tmp, op->o_tmpmemctx );
-               /* NOTE: tmp can legitimately be NULL (meaning empty) 
-                * since in a Filter values in AVAs are supposed
-                * to have been normalized, meaning that an empty value
-                * is legal for that attribute's syntax */
-
-               fstr->bv_len = f->f_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
-                       tmp.bv_len + STRLENOF("(=)");
-               fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
-
-               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s=%s)",
-                       f->f_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_val,
-                       tmp.bv_len ? tmp.bv_val : "" );
-
-               ber_memfree_x( tmp.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
-               break;
+       undef = f->f_choice & SLAPD_FILTER_UNDEFINED;
+       choice = f->f_choice & SLAPD_FILTER_MASK;
 
+       switch ( choice ) {
+       case LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY:
+               fstr->bv_len = STRLENOF("(=)");
+               sign = "=";
+               goto simple;
        case LDAP_FILTER_GE:
-               filter_escape_value_x( &f->f_av_value, &tmp, op->o_tmpmemctx );
-               /* NOTE: tmp can legitimately be NULL (meaning empty) 
-                * since in a Filter values in AVAs are supposed
-                * to have been normalized, meaning that an empty value
-                * is legal for that attribute's syntax */
-
-               fstr->bv_len = f->f_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
-                       tmp.bv_len + STRLENOF("(>=)");
-               fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
-
-               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s>=%s)",
-                       f->f_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_val,
-                       tmp.bv_len ? tmp.bv_val : "");
-
-               ber_memfree_x( tmp.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
-               break;
-
+               fstr->bv_len = STRLENOF("(>=)");
+               sign = ">=";
+               goto simple;
        case LDAP_FILTER_LE:
-               filter_escape_value_x( &f->f_av_value, &tmp, op->o_tmpmemctx );
-               /* NOTE: tmp can legitimately be NULL (meaning empty) 
-                * since in a Filter values in AVAs are supposed
-                * to have been normalized, meaning that an empty value
-                * is legal for that attribute's syntax */
-
-               fstr->bv_len = f->f_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
-                       tmp.bv_len + STRLENOF("(<=)");
-               fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
-
-               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s<=%s)",
-                       f->f_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_val,
-                       tmp.bv_len ? tmp.bv_val : "");
-
-               ber_memfree_x( tmp.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
-               break;
-
+               fstr->bv_len = STRLENOF("(<=)");
+               sign = "<=";
+               goto simple;
        case LDAP_FILTER_APPROX:
+               fstr->bv_len = STRLENOF("(~=)");
+               sign = "~=";
+
+simple:
                filter_escape_value_x( &f->f_av_value, &tmp, op->o_tmpmemctx );
                /* NOTE: tmp can legitimately be NULL (meaning empty) 
                 * since in a Filter values in AVAs are supposed
                 * to have been normalized, meaning that an empty value
                 * is legal for that attribute's syntax */
 
-               fstr->bv_len = f->f_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
-                       tmp.bv_len + STRLENOF("(~=)");
+               fstr->bv_len += f->f_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_len + tmp.bv_len;
+               if ( undef )
+                       fstr->bv_len++;
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
-               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s~=%s)",
-                       f->f_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_val,
-                       tmp.bv_len ? tmp.bv_val : "");
+               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s%s%s%s)",
+                       undef ? "?" : "",
+                       f->f_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_val, sign,
+                       tmp.bv_len ? tmp.bv_val : "" );
+
                ber_memfree_x( tmp.bv_val, op->o_tmpmemctx );
                break;
 
        case LDAP_FILTER_SUBSTRINGS:
                fstr->bv_len = f->f_sub_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
                        STRLENOF("(=*)");
+               if ( undef )
+                       fstr->bv_len++;
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 128, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
-               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s=*)",
+               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s%s=*)",
+                       undef ? "?" : "",
                        f->f_sub_desc->ad_cname.bv_val );
 
                if ( f->f_sub_initial.bv_val != NULL ) {
        case LDAP_FILTER_PRESENT:
                fstr->bv_len = f->f_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
                        STRLENOF("(=*)");
+               if ( undef )
+                       fstr->bv_len++;
+
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
-               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s=*)",
+               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s%s=*)",
+                       undef ? "?" : "",
                        f->f_desc->ad_cname.bv_val );
                break;
 
                        tmp.bv_len + STRLENOF("(:=)");
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
-               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s%s%s%s:=%s)",
+               snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s%s%s%s%s:=%s)",
+                       undef ? "?" : "",
                        ad.bv_val,
                        f->f_mr_dnattrs ? ":dn" : "",
                        f->f_mr_rule_text.bv_len ? ":" : "",
        n->f_choice = f->f_choice;
        n->f_next = NULL;
 
-       switch( f->f_choice ) {
+       switch( f->f_choice & SLAPD_FILTER_MASK ) {
        case SLAPD_FILTER_COMPUTED:
                n->f_result = f->f_result;
                break;
        switch ( vrf.vrf_choice ) {
        case LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "EQUALITY\n", 0, 0, 0 );
-               err = get_ava( op, ber, &vrf.vrf_ava, SLAP_MR_EQUALITY, text );
+               err = get_ava( op, ber, (Filter *)&vrf, SLAP_MR_EQUALITY, text );
                if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
 
        case LDAP_FILTER_SUBSTRINGS:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "SUBSTRINGS\n", 0, 0, 0 );
-               err = get_ssa( op, ber, &vrf.vrf_sub, text );
+               err = get_ssa( op, ber, (Filter *)&vrf, text );
                break;
 
        case LDAP_FILTER_GE:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "GE\n", 0, 0, 0 );
-               err = get_ava( op, ber, &vrf.vrf_ava, SLAP_MR_ORDERING, text );
+               err = get_ava( op, ber, (Filter *)&vrf, SLAP_MR_ORDERING, text );
                if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
 
        case LDAP_FILTER_LE:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "LE\n", 0, 0, 0 );
-               err = get_ava( op, ber, &vrf.vrf_ava, SLAP_MR_ORDERING, text );
+               err = get_ava( op, ber, (Filter *)&vrf, SLAP_MR_ORDERING, text );
                if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
                err = slap_bv2ad( &type, &vrf.vrf_desc, text );
 
                if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
+                       vrf.vrf_choice |= SLAPD_FILTER_UNDEFINED;
                        err = slap_bv2undef_ad( &type, &vrf.vrf_desc, text,
-                               SLAP_AD_PROXIED|SLAP_AD_NOINSERT );
+                               SLAP_AD_PROXIED);
 
                        if( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                                /* unrecognized attribute description or other error */
 
        case LDAP_FILTER_APPROX:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "APPROX\n", 0, 0, 0 );
-               err = get_ava( op, ber, &vrf.vrf_ava, SLAP_MR_EQUALITY_APPROX, text );
+               err = get_ava( op, ber, (Filter *)&vrf, SLAP_MR_EQUALITY_APPROX, text );
                if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
        case LDAP_FILTER_EXT:
                Debug( LDAP_DEBUG_FILTER, "EXTENSIBLE\n", 0, 0, 0 );
 
-               err = get_mra( op, ber, &vrf.vrf_mra, text );
+               err = get_mra( op, ber, (Filter *)&vrf, text );
                if ( err != LDAP_SUCCESS ) {
                        break;
                }
        for ( p = vrf; p != NULL; p = next ) {
                next = p->vrf_next;
 
-               switch ( vrf->vrf_choice ) {
+               switch ( vrf->vrf_choice & SLAPD_FILTER_MASK ) {
                case LDAP_FILTER_PRESENT:
                        break;
 
                        op->o_tmpmemctx );
                return;
        }
+       int undef = vrf->vrf_choice & SLAPD_FILTER_UNDEFINED;
 
-       switch ( vrf->vrf_choice ) {
+       switch ( vrf->vrf_choice & SLAPD_FILTER_MASK ) {
        case LDAP_FILTER_EQUALITY:
                filter_escape_value_x( &vrf->vrf_av_value, &tmp, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
                fstr->bv_len = vrf->vrf_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
                        tmp.bv_len + STRLENOF("(=)");
+               if ( undef ) fstr->bv_len++;
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
                snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s=%s)",
 
                fstr->bv_len = vrf->vrf_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
                        tmp.bv_len + STRLENOF("(>=)");
+               if ( undef ) fstr->bv_len++;
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
                snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s>=%s)",
 
                fstr->bv_len = vrf->vrf_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
                        tmp.bv_len + STRLENOF("(<=)");
+               if ( undef ) fstr->bv_len++;
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
                snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s<=%s)",
 
                fstr->bv_len = vrf->vrf_av_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
                        tmp.bv_len + STRLENOF("(~=)");
+               if ( undef ) fstr->bv_len++;
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
                snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s~=%s)",
        case LDAP_FILTER_SUBSTRINGS:
                fstr->bv_len = vrf->vrf_sub_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
                        STRLENOF("(=*)");
+               if ( undef ) fstr->bv_len++;
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 128, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
                snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s=*)",
        case LDAP_FILTER_PRESENT:
                fstr->bv_len = vrf->vrf_desc->ad_cname.bv_len +
                        STRLENOF("(=*)");
+               if ( undef ) fstr->bv_len++;
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
                snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s=*)",
                        ( vrf->vrf_mr_rule_text.bv_len
                                ? vrf->vrf_mr_rule_text.bv_len+1 : 0 ) +
                        tmp.bv_len + STRLENOF("(:=)");
+               if ( undef ) fstr->bv_len++;
                fstr->bv_val = op->o_tmpalloc( fstr->bv_len + 1, op->o_tmpmemctx );
 
                snprintf( fstr->bv_val, fstr->bv_len + 1, "(%s%s%s%s:=%s)",