See the comment for more details, and see the motivating blog post:
https://blogs.noname-ev.de/sur5r/index.php?/archives/7-Another-instance-of-AC_DEFINE-being-undefined.html
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR([m4])
+dnl Verify macros defined in m4/ such as AX_SANITIZERS are not present in the
+dnl output, i.e. are replaced as expected. This line results in a better error
+dnl message when using aclocal < 1.13 (which does not understand
+dnl AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR) without passing the -I m4 parameter.
+m4_pattern_forbid([AX_SANITIZERS])
+
# Verify we are using GNU make because we use '%'-style pattern rules in
# Makefile.am, which are a GNU make extension. Pull requests to replace
# '%'-style pattern rules with a more portable alternative are welcome.