From: Kurt Zeilenga Date: Tue, 18 Jun 2002 07:11:58 +0000 (+0000) Subject: More security considerations X-Git-Tag: NO_SLAP_OP_BLOCKS~1416 X-Git-Url: https://git.sur5r.net/?a=commitdiff_plain;h=2119d34ec6f2384ecb6bb71c71f36be20d1a6fa5;p=openldap More security considerations --- diff --git a/doc/guide/admin/security.sdf b/doc/guide/admin/security.sdf index afff95557f..076b40698f 100644 --- a/doc/guide/admin/security.sdf +++ b/doc/guide/admin/security.sdf @@ -9,16 +9,17 @@ Internet. Hence, OpenLDAP Software provides many different security mechanisms. This chapter describes these mechanisms and discusses security considerations for using OpenLDAP Software. -H2: Host Security - H2: Network Security -H3: Selective Hearing +H3: Selective Listening By default, {{slapd}}(8) will listen on both the IPv4 and IPv6 "any" addresses. It is often desirable to have {{slapd}} listen on select address/port pairs. For example, listening only on the IPv4 address -127.0.0.1 will disallow remote access to the directory server. +{{EX:127.0.0.1}} will disallow remote access to the directory server. +E.g.: + +> slapd -h ldap://127.0.0.1 While the server can be configured to listen on a particular interface address, this doesn't necessarily restrict access to the server to @@ -32,12 +33,13 @@ information. H3: IP Firewall -IP firewall capabilities of the server system can be used to restrict -access based upon the client's IP address and/or network interface -used to communicate with the client. +{{TERM:IP}} firewall capabilities of the server system can be used +to restrict access based upon the client's IP address and/or network +interface used to communicate with the client. -Generally, slapd(8) listens on port 389/tcp for LDAP over TCP (e.g. -ldap://) and port 636/tcp for LDAP over SSL (e.g. ldaps://). +Generally, {{slapd}}(8) listens on port 389/tcp for LDAP over {{TERM:TCP}} +(e.g. ldap://) and port 636/tcp for LDAP over {{TERM:SSL}} (e.g. +ldaps://). As specifics of how to configure IP firewall are dependent on the particular kind of IP firewall used, no examples are provided here. @@ -46,19 +48,39 @@ See the document associated with your IP firewall. H3: TCP Wrappers -OpenLDAP supports TCP wrappers. TCP wrappers provide a rule-based +OpenLDAP supports {{TERM:TCP}} Wrappers. TCP Wrappers provide a rule-based access control system for controlling TCP/IP access to the server. For example, the {{host_options}}(5) rule: > slapd: 10.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 : ALLOW > slapd: ALL : DENY -allows only incoming connections from the private network 10 and -localhost (127.0.0.1) to access the directory service. +allows only incoming connections from the private network {{F:10.0.0.0}} +and localhost ({{F:127.0.0.1}}) to access the directory service. It is noted that TCP wrappers require the connection to be accepted. As significant processing is required just to deny a connection, -it is generally advised that IP firewall protection be -used instead of TCP wrappers. +it is generally advised that IP firewall protection be used instead +of TCP wrappers. See {{hosts_access}}(5) for more information on TCP wrapper rules. + + +H2: Integrity and Confidentiality Protection + +{{TERM[expand]TLS}} (TLS) can be used to provide integrity and +confidentiality protection. OpenLDAP supports both StartTLS and +ldaps://. See the {{SECT:Using TLS}} chapter for more information. + +A number of {{TERM[expand]SASL}} (SASL) mechanisms, such as DIGEST-MD5 +and {{TERM:GSSAPI}}, provide integrity and confidentiality protection. +See the {{SECT:Using SASL}} chapter for more information. + +The server uses {{TERM[expand]Security Strength Factors}} (SSF) to +indicate the relative strength of protection. A SSF of zero (0) +indicates no protections are in place. A SSF of one (1) indicates +integrity protection are in place. A SSF greater than one (>1) +roughly correlates to the effective encryption key length. For +example, {{TERM:DES}} is 56, {{TERM:3DES}} is 112, and {{TERM:AES}} +is 128. + diff --git a/doc/guide/preamble.sdf b/doc/guide/preamble.sdf index 007e713036..f28c65da6d 100644 --- a/doc/guide/preamble.sdf +++ b/doc/guide/preamble.sdf @@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ IAB|Internet Architecture Board|http://www.iab.org/ IETF|Internet Engineering Task Force|http://www.ietf.org/ IESG|Internet Engineering Steering Group|http://www.ietf.org/iesg/ IRTF|Internet Research Task Force|http://www.irtf.org/ -ISO|International Organization for Standardization|http://www.iso.ch/ +ISO|International Standards Organisation|http://www.iso.ch/ ITU|International Telephone Union|http://www.itu.int/ RFC|RFC Editor|http://www.rfc-editor.org/ OpenSSL|OpenSSL|http://www.openssl.org/ @@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ TCL|http://tcl.activestate.com/ # Internet and X.500 terms !block terms; data Term|Definition +AES|Advance Encryption Standard API|Application Program Interface ASN|Abstract Syntax Notation ASN.1|Abstract Syntax Notation 1 @@ -151,6 +152,8 @@ CA|Certificate Authority CLDAP|Connection-less LDAP DAP|Directory Access Protocol DER|Distinguished Encoding Rules +DES|Data Encryption Standard +3DES|Triple DES DIT|Directory Information Tree DN|Distinguished Name DNS|Domain Name System @@ -172,11 +175,15 @@ LDIF|LDAP Data Interchange Format LDBM|LDAP Database Manager MIB|Management Information Base OID|Object Identifier -OSI|OSI +OSI|Open Systems Interconnect +OTP|One Time Password PEM|Privacy Enhanced eMail PS|Proposed Standard RDN|Relative Distinguished Name RFC|Request for Comments +SRP|Secure Remote Password +SSL|Secure Socket Layer +STD|Internet Standard TCP|Transmission Control Protocol TLS|Transport Layer Security SASL|Simple Authentication and Security Layer