From 926ad61d35f938cc540a338ca5722233d02e990a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: richardbarry Date: Wed, 20 Apr 2011 11:17:06 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Complete the commenting for main-full.c in the A2F demo project, and update the main-full.c and main-blinky.c header comments to be correct for FreeRTOS V7.0.0. git-svn-id: https://svn.code.sf.net/p/freertos/code/trunk@1368 1d2547de-c912-0410-9cb9-b8ca96c0e9e2 --- Demo/CORTEX_A2F200_SoftConsole/main-blinky.c | 56 ++-- Demo/CORTEX_A2F200_SoftConsole/main-full.c | 282 +++++++++++-------- 2 files changed, 198 insertions(+), 140 deletions(-) diff --git a/Demo/CORTEX_A2F200_SoftConsole/main-blinky.c b/Demo/CORTEX_A2F200_SoftConsole/main-blinky.c index 3c578c21b..82b48f6e4 100644 --- a/Demo/CORTEX_A2F200_SoftConsole/main-blinky.c +++ b/Demo/CORTEX_A2F200_SoftConsole/main-blinky.c @@ -1,38 +1,44 @@ /* - FreeRTOS V6.1.1 - Copyright (C) 2011 Real Time Engineers Ltd. + FreeRTOS V7.0.0 - Copyright (C) 2011 Real Time Engineers Ltd. + + + FreeRTOS supports many tools and architectures. V7.0.0 is sponsored by: + Atollic AB - Atollic provides professional embedded systems development + tools for C/C++ development, code analysis and test automation. + See http://www.atollic.com + *************************************************************************** - * * - * If you are: * - * * - * + New to FreeRTOS, * - * + Wanting to learn FreeRTOS or multitasking in general quickly * - * + Looking for basic training, * - * + Wanting to improve your FreeRTOS skills and productivity * - * * - * then take a look at the FreeRTOS books - available as PDF or paperback * - * * - * "Using the FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel - a Practical Guide" * - * http://www.FreeRTOS.org/Documentation * - * * - * A pdf reference manual is also available. Both are usually delivered * - * to your inbox within 20 minutes to two hours when purchased between 8am * - * and 8pm GMT (although please allow up to 24 hours in case of * - * exceptional circumstances). Thank you for your support! * - * * + * * + * FreeRTOS tutorial books are available in pdf and paperback. * + * Complete, revised, and edited pdf reference manuals are also * + * available. * + * * + * Purchasing FreeRTOS documentation will not only help you, by * + * ensuring you get running as quickly as possible and with an * + * in-depth knowledge of how to use FreeRTOS, it will also help * + * the FreeRTOS project to continue with its mission of providing * + * professional grade, cross platform, de facto standard solutions * + * for microcontrollers - completely free of charge! * + * * + * >>> See http://www.FreeRTOS.org/Documentation for details. <<< * + * * + * Thank you for using FreeRTOS, and thank you for your support! * + * * *************************************************************************** + This file is part of the FreeRTOS distribution. FreeRTOS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License (version 2) as published by the Free Software Foundation AND MODIFIED BY the FreeRTOS exception. - ***NOTE*** The exception to the GPL is included to allow you to distribute - a combined work that includes FreeRTOS without being obliged to provide the - source code for proprietary components outside of the FreeRTOS kernel. - FreeRTOS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT - ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or - FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for + >>>NOTE<<< The modification to the GPL is included to allow you to + distribute a combined work that includes FreeRTOS without being obliged to + provide the source code for proprietary components outside of the FreeRTOS + kernel. FreeRTOS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but + WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY + or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and the FreeRTOS license exception along with FreeRTOS; if not it can be viewed here: http://www.freertos.org/a00114.html and also obtained diff --git a/Demo/CORTEX_A2F200_SoftConsole/main-full.c b/Demo/CORTEX_A2F200_SoftConsole/main-full.c index 0fcf07046..35661670b 100644 --- a/Demo/CORTEX_A2F200_SoftConsole/main-full.c +++ b/Demo/CORTEX_A2F200_SoftConsole/main-full.c @@ -1,38 +1,44 @@ /* - FreeRTOS V6.1.1 - Copyright (C) 2011 Real Time Engineers Ltd. + FreeRTOS V7.0.0 - Copyright (C) 2011 Real Time Engineers Ltd. + + + FreeRTOS supports many tools and architectures. V7.0.0 is sponsored by: + Atollic AB - Atollic provides professional embedded systems development + tools for C/C++ development, code analysis and test automation. + See http://www.atollic.com + *************************************************************************** - * * - * If you are: * - * * - * + New to FreeRTOS, * - * + Wanting to learn FreeRTOS or multitasking in general quickly * - * + Looking for basic training, * - * + Wanting to improve your FreeRTOS skills and productivity * - * * - * then take a look at the FreeRTOS books - available as PDF or paperback * - * * - * "Using the FreeRTOS Real Time Kernel - a Practical Guide" * - * http://www.FreeRTOS.org/Documentation * - * * - * A pdf reference manual is also available. Both are usually delivered * - * to your inbox within 20 minutes to two hours when purchased between 8am * - * and 8pm GMT (although please allow up to 24 hours in case of * - * exceptional circumstances). Thank you for your support! * - * * + * * + * FreeRTOS tutorial books are available in pdf and paperback. * + * Complete, revised, and edited pdf reference manuals are also * + * available. * + * * + * Purchasing FreeRTOS documentation will not only help you, by * + * ensuring you get running as quickly as possible and with an * + * in-depth knowledge of how to use FreeRTOS, it will also help * + * the FreeRTOS project to continue with its mission of providing * + * professional grade, cross platform, de facto standard solutions * + * for microcontrollers - completely free of charge! * + * * + * >>> See http://www.FreeRTOS.org/Documentation for details. <<< * + * * + * Thank you for using FreeRTOS, and thank you for your support! * + * * *************************************************************************** + This file is part of the FreeRTOS distribution. FreeRTOS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License (version 2) as published by the Free Software Foundation AND MODIFIED BY the FreeRTOS exception. - ***NOTE*** The exception to the GPL is included to allow you to distribute - a combined work that includes FreeRTOS without being obliged to provide the - source code for proprietary components outside of the FreeRTOS kernel. - FreeRTOS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT - ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or - FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for + >>>NOTE<<< The modification to the GPL is included to allow you to + distribute a combined work that includes FreeRTOS without being obliged to + provide the source code for proprietary components outside of the FreeRTOS + kernel. FreeRTOS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but + WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY + or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and the FreeRTOS license exception along with FreeRTOS; if not it can be viewed here: http://www.freertos.org/a00114.html and also obtained @@ -52,55 +58,80 @@ */ /* -* This simple demo project runs on the STM32 Discovery board, which is -* populated with an STM32F100RB Cortex-M3 microcontroller. The discovery board -* makes an ideal low cost evaluation platform, but the 8K of RAM provided on the -* STM32F100RB does not allow the simple application to demonstrate all of all the -* FreeRTOS kernel features. Therefore, this simple demo only actively -* demonstrates task, queue, timer and interrupt functionality. In addition, the -* demo is configured to include malloc failure, idle and stack overflow hook -* functions. -* -* The idle hook function: -* The idle hook function queries the amount of FreeRTOS heap space that is -* remaining (see vApplicationIdleHook() defined in this file). The demo -* application is configured use 7K or the available 8K of RAM as the FreeRTOS heap. -* Memory is only allocated from this heap during initialisation, and this demo -* only actually uses 1.6K bytes of the configured 7K available - leaving 5.4K -* bytes of heap space unallocated. -* -* The main() Function: -* main() creates one software timer, one queue, and two tasks. It then starts the -* scheduler. -* -* The Queue Send Task: -* The queue send task is implemented by the prvQueueSendTask() function in this -* file. prvQueueSendTask() sits in a loop that causes it to repeatedly block for -* 200 milliseconds, before sending the value 100 to the queue that was created -* within main(). Once the value is sent, the task loops back around to block for -* another 200 milliseconds. -* -* The Queue Receive Task: -* The queue receive task is implemented by the prvQueueReceiveTask() function -* in this file. prvQueueReceiveTask() sits in a loop that causes repeatedly -* attempt to read data from the queue that was created within main(). When data -* is received, the task checks the value of the data, and if the value equals -* the expected 100, toggles the green LED. The 'block time' parameter passed to -* the queue receive function specifies that the task should be held in the Blocked -* state indefinitely to wait for data to be available on the queue. The queue -* receive task will only leave the Blocked state when the queue send task writes -* to the queue. As the queue send task writes to the queue every 200 -* milliseconds, the queue receive task leaves the Blocked state every 200 -* milliseconds, and therefore toggles the green LED every 200 milliseconds. -* -* The LED Software Timer and the Button Interrupt: -* The user button B1 is configured to generate an interrupt each time it is -* pressed. The interrupt service routine switches the red LED on, and resets the -* LED software timer. The LED timer has a 5000 millisecond (5 second) period, and -* uses a callback function that is defined to just turn the red LED off. -* Therefore, pressing the user button will turn the red LED on, and the LED will -* remain on until a full five seconds pass without the button being pressed. -*/ + * main-blinky.c is included when the "Blinky" build configuration is used. + * main-full.c is included when the "Full" build configuration is used. + * + * main-full.c (this file) defines a comprehensive demo that creates many + * tasks, queues, semaphores and timers. It also demonstrates how Cortex-M3 + * interrupts can interact with FreeRTOS tasks/timers, and implements a simple + * and small interactive web server. + * + * This project runs on the SmartFusion A2F-EVAL-KIT evaluation board, which + * is populated with an A2F200M3F SmartFusion mixed signal FPGA. The A2F200M3F + * incorporates a Cortex-M3 microcontroller. + * + * The main() Function: + * main() creates two demo specific software timers, one demo specific queue, + * and two demo specific tasks. It then creates a whole host of 'standard demo' + * tasks/queues/semaphores, before starting the scheduler. The demo specific + * tasks and timers are described in the comments here. The standard demo + * tasks are described on the FreeRTOS.org web site. + * + * The standard demo tasks provide no specific functionality. They are + * included to both test the FreeRTOS port, and provide examples of how the + * various FreeRTOS API functions can be used. + * + * The Demo Specific Queue Send Task: + * The queue send task is implemented by the prvQueueSendTask() function in + * this file. prvQueueSendTask() sits in a loop that causes it to repeatedly + * block for 200 milliseconds, before sending the value 100 to the queue that + * was created within main(). Once the value is sent, the task loops back + * around to block for another 200 milliseconds. + * + * The Demo Specific Queue Receive Task: + * The queue receive task is implemented by the prvQueueReceiveTask() function + * in this file. prvQueueReceiveTask() sits in a loop that causes it to + * repeatedly attempt to read data from the queue that was created within + * main(). When data is received, the task checks the value of the data, and + * if the value equals the expected 100, toggles the green LED. The 'block + * time' parameter passed to the queue receive function specifies that the task + * should be held in the Blocked state indefinitely to wait for data to be + * available on the queue. The queue receive task will only leave the Blocked + * state when the queue send task writes to the queue. As the queue send task + * writes to the queue every 200 milliseconds, the queue receive task leaves + * the Blocked state every 200 milliseconds, and therefore toggles the LED + * every 200 milliseconds. + * + * The Demo Specific LED Software Timer and the Button Interrupt: + * The user button SW1 is configured to generate an interrupt each time it is + * pressed. The interrupt service routine switches an LED on, and resets the + * LED software timer. The LED timer has a 5000 millisecond (5 second) period, + * and uses a callback function that is defined to just turn the LED off again. + * Therefore, pressing the user button will turn the LED on, and the LED will + * remain on until a full five seconds pass without the button being pressed. + * + * The Demo Specific Idle Hook Function: + * The idle hook function demonstrates how to query the amount of FreeRTOS heap + * space that is remaining (see vApplicationIdleHook() defined in this file). + * + * The Demo Specific "Check" Callback Function: + * This is called each time the 'check' timer expires. The check timer + * callback function inspects all the standard demo tasks to see if they are + * all executing as expected. The check timer is initially configured to + * expire every three seconds, but will shorted this to every 500ms if an error + * is ever discovered. The check timer callback toggles the LED defined by + * the mainCHECK_LED definition each time it executes. Therefore, if LED + * mainCHECK_LED is toggling every three seconds, then no error have been found. + * If LED mainCHECK_LED is toggling every 500ms, then at least one error has + * been found. The task in which the error was discovered is displayed at the + * bottom of the "task stats" page that is served by the embedded web server. + * + * The Web Server Task: + * The IP address used by the SmartFusion target is configured by the + * definitions configIP_ADDR0 to configIP_ADDR3, which are located in the + * FreeRTOSConfig.h header file. See the documentation page for this example + * on the http://www.FreeRTOS.org web site for further connection information. + */ /* Kernel includes. */ #include "FreeRTOS.h" @@ -138,12 +169,19 @@ will remove items as they are added, meaning the send task should always find the queue empty. */ #define mainQUEUE_LENGTH ( 1 ) +/* The LED toggled by the check timer callback function. */ #define mainCHECK_LED 0x07UL + +/* The LED turned on by the button interrupt, and turned off by the LED timer. */ #define mainTIMER_CONTROLLED_LED 0x06UL + +/* The LED toggle by the queue receive task. */ #define mainTASK_CONTROLLED_LED 0x05UL +/* Constant used by the standard timer test functions. */ #define mainTIMER_TEST_PERIOD ( 50 ) +/* Priorities used by the various different tasks. */ #define mainCHECK_TASK_PRIORITY ( configMAX_PRIORITIES - 1 ) #define mainQUEUE_POLL_PRIORITY ( tskIDLE_PRIORITY + 1 ) #define mainSEM_TEST_PRIORITY ( tskIDLE_PRIORITY + 1 ) @@ -158,6 +196,16 @@ the queue empty. */ stack than most of the other tasks. */ #define mainuIP_STACK_SIZE ( configMINIMAL_STACK_SIZE * 3 ) +/* The period at which the check timer will expire, in ms, provided no errors +have been reported by any of the standard demo tasks. */ +#define mainCHECK_TIMER_PERIOD_ms ( 3000UL ) + +/* The period at which the check timer will expire, in ms, if an error has been +reported in one of the standard demo tasks. */ +#define mainERROR_CHECK_TIMER_PERIOD_ms ( 500UL ) + +/* A zero block time. */ +#define mainDONT_BLOCK ( 0UL ) /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ /* @@ -177,11 +225,14 @@ static void prvQueueSendTask( void *pvParameters ); */ static void vLEDTimerCallback( xTimerHandle xTimer ); +/* + * The check timer callback function, as described at the top of this file. + */ static void vCheckTimerCallback( xTimerHandle xTimer ); /* * This is not a 'standard' partest function, so the prototype is not in - * partest.h. + * partest.h, and is instead included here. */ void vParTestSetLEDFromISR( unsigned portBASE_TYPE uxLED, signed portBASE_TYPE xValue ); @@ -192,18 +243,20 @@ extern void vuIP_Task( void *pvParameters ); /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ -/* The queue used by both tasks. */ +/* The queue used by both application specific demo tasks defined in this file. */ static xQueueHandle xQueue = NULL; -/* The LED software timer. This uses vLEDTimerCallback() as its callback +/* The LED software timer. This uses vLEDTimerCallback() as it's callback function. */ static xTimerHandle xLEDTimer = NULL; +/* The check timer. This uses vCheckTimerCallback() as it's callback +function. */ static xTimerHandle xCheckTimer = NULL; /* The status message that is displayed at the bottom of the "task stats" web page, which is served by the uIP task. This will report any errors picked up -by the reg test task. */ +by the check timer callback. */ static const char *pcStatusMessage = NULL; @@ -219,8 +272,8 @@ int main(void) if( xQueue != NULL ) { - /* Start the two tasks as described in the comments at the top of this - file. */ + /* Start the two application specific demo tasks, as described in the + comments at the top of this file. */ xTaskCreate( prvQueueReceiveTask, ( signed char * ) "Rx", configMINIMAL_STACK_SIZE, NULL, mainQUEUE_RECEIVE_TASK_PRIORITY, NULL ); xTaskCreate( prvQueueSendTask, ( signed char * ) "TX", configMINIMAL_STACK_SIZE, NULL, mainQUEUE_SEND_TASK_PRIORITY, NULL ); @@ -234,13 +287,16 @@ int main(void) vLEDTimerCallback /* The callback function that switches the LED off. */ ); + /* Create the software timer that performs the 'check' functionality, + as described at the top of this file. */ xCheckTimer = xTimerCreate( ( const signed char * ) "CheckTimer", /* A text name, purely to help debugging. */ - ( 3000 / portTICK_RATE_MS ), /* The timer period, in this case 3000ms (3s). */ + ( mainCHECK_TIMER_PERIOD_ms / portTICK_RATE_MS ),/* The timer period, in this case 3000ms (3s). */ pdTRUE, /* This is an auto-reload timer, so xAutoReload is set to pdTRUE. */ ( void * ) 0, /* The ID is not used, so can be set to anything. */ vCheckTimerCallback /* The callback function that inspects the status of all the other tasks. */ ); + /* Create a lot of 'standard demo' tasks. */ vStartBlockingQueueTasks( mainBLOCK_Q_PRIORITY ); vCreateBlockTimeTasks(); vStartSemaphoreTasks( mainSEM_TEST_PRIORITY ); @@ -250,10 +306,9 @@ int main(void) vStartRecursiveMutexTasks(); vStartTimerDemoTask( mainTIMER_TEST_PERIOD ); - /* The web server task. */ + /* Create the web server task. */ xTaskCreate( vuIP_Task, ( signed char * ) "uIP", mainuIP_STACK_SIZE, NULL, mainuIP_TASK_PRIORITY, NULL ); - /* Start the tasks and timer running. */ vTaskStartScheduler(); } @@ -269,67 +324,63 @@ int main(void) static void vCheckTimerCallback( xTimerHandle xTimer ) { - /* Check the standard demo tasks are running without error. */ + /* Check the standard demo tasks are running without error. Latch the + latest reported error in the pcStatusMessage character pointer. */ if( xAreGenericQueueTasksStillRunning() != pdTRUE ) { - /* Increase the rate at which this task cycles, which will increase the - rate at which mainCHECK_LED flashes to give visual feedback that an error - has occurred. */ pcStatusMessage = "Error: GenQueue"; -// xPrintf( pcStatusMessage ); } if( xAreQueuePeekTasksStillRunning() != pdTRUE ) { pcStatusMessage = "Error: QueuePeek\r\n"; -// xPrintf( pcStatusMessage ); } if( xAreBlockingQueuesStillRunning() != pdTRUE ) { pcStatusMessage = "Error: BlockQueue\r\n"; -// xPrintf( pcStatusMessage ); } if( xAreBlockTimeTestTasksStillRunning() != pdTRUE ) { pcStatusMessage = "Error: BlockTime\r\n"; -// xPrintf( pcStatusMessage ); } if( xAreSemaphoreTasksStillRunning() != pdTRUE ) { pcStatusMessage = "Error: SemTest\r\n"; -// xPrintf( pcStatusMessage ); } if( xIsCreateTaskStillRunning() != pdTRUE ) { pcStatusMessage = "Error: Death\r\n"; -// xPrintf( pcStatusMessage ); } if( xAreRecursiveMutexTasksStillRunning() != pdTRUE ) { pcStatusMessage = "Error: RecMutex\r\n"; -// xPrintf( pcStatusMessage ); } - if( xAreTimerDemoTasksStillRunning( ( 3000 / portTICK_RATE_MS ) ) != pdTRUE ) + if( xAreTimerDemoTasksStillRunning( ( mainCHECK_TIMER_PERIOD_ms / portTICK_RATE_MS ) ) != pdTRUE ) { pcStatusMessage = "Error: TimerDemo"; } /* Toggle the check LED to give an indication of the system status. If - the LED toggles every 5 seconds then everything is ok. A faster toggle - indicates an error. */ + the LED toggles every mainCHECK_TIMER_PERIOD_ms milliseconds then + everything is ok. A faster toggle indicates an error. */ vParTestToggleLED( mainCHECK_LED ); + /* Have any errors been latch in pcStatusMessage? If so, shorten the + period of the check timer to mainERROR_CHECK_TIMER_PERIOD_ms milliseconds. + This will result in an increase in the rate at which mainCHECK_LED + toggles. */ if( pcStatusMessage != NULL ) { - /* The block time is set to zero as a timer callback must *never* - attempt to block. */ - xTimerChangePeriod( xCheckTimer, ( 500 / portTICK_RATE_MS ), 0 ); + /* This call to xTimerChangePeriod() uses a zero block time. Functions + called from inside of a timer callback function must *never* attempt + to block. */ + xTimerChangePeriod( xCheckTimer, ( mainERROR_CHECK_TIMER_PERIOD_ms / portTICK_RATE_MS ), mainDONT_BLOCK ); } } /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ @@ -337,10 +388,7 @@ static void vCheckTimerCallback( xTimerHandle xTimer ) static void vLEDTimerCallback( xTimerHandle xTimer ) { /* The timer has expired - so no button pushes have occurred in the last - five seconds - turn the LED off. NOTE - accessing the LED port should use - a critical section because it is accessed from multiple tasks, and the - button interrupt - in this trivial case, for simplicity, the critical - section is omitted. */ + five seconds - turn the LED off. */ vParTestSetLED( mainTIMER_CONTROLLED_LED, pdFALSE ); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------*/ @@ -377,11 +425,19 @@ static void prvQueueSendTask( void *pvParameters ) portTickType xNextWakeTime; const unsigned long ulValueToSend = 100UL; - /* The suicide tasks must be created last as they need to know how many + /* The suicide tasks must be created last, as they need to know how many tasks were running prior to their creation in order to ascertain whether - or not the correct/expected number of tasks are running at any given time. */ + or not the correct/expected number of tasks are running at any given time. + Therefore the standard demo 'death' tasks are not created in main(), but + instead created here. */ vCreateSuicidalTasks( mainCREATOR_TASK_PRIORITY ); + /* The check timer command queue will have been filled when the timer test + tasks were created in main() (this is part of the test they perform). + Therefore, while the check timer can be created in main(), it could not be + started from main(). Once the scheduler has started, the timer service + task will have drained the command queue, and now the check task can be + started successfully. */ xTimerStart( xCheckTimer, portMAX_DELAY ); /* Initialise xNextWakeTime - this only needs to be done once. */ @@ -416,13 +472,9 @@ unsigned long ulReceivedValue; xQueueReceive( xQueue, &ulReceivedValue, portMAX_DELAY ); /* To get here something must have been received from the queue, but - is it the expected value? If it is, toggle the green LED. */ + is it the expected value? If it is, toggle the LED. */ if( ulReceivedValue == 100UL ) { - /* NOTE - accessing the LED port should use a critical section - because it is accessed from multiple tasks, and the button interrupt - - in this trivial case, for simplicity, the critical section is - omitted. */ vParTestToggleLED( mainTASK_CONTROLLED_LED ); } } @@ -477,7 +529,7 @@ void vApplicationIdleHook( void ) volatile size_t xFreeStackSpace; /* This function is called on each cycle of the idle task. In this case it - does nothing useful, other than report the amout of FreeRTOS heap that + does nothing useful, other than report the amount of FreeRTOS heap that remains unallocated. */ xFreeStackSpace = xPortGetFreeHeapSize(); @@ -493,9 +545,9 @@ volatile size_t xFreeStackSpace; char *pcGetTaskStatusMessage( void ) { - /* Not bothered about a critical section here although technically because of - the task priorities the pointer could change it will be atomic if not near - atomic and its not critical. */ + /* Not bothered about a critical section here although technically because + of the task priorities the pointer could change it will be atomic if not + near atomic and its not critical. */ if( pcStatusMessage == NULL ) { return "All tasks running without error"; -- 2.39.5