From b348c8eee756c3c70d091d2bbd285ebd76bd773b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Kern Sibbald Date: Sat, 19 Sep 2009 15:36:14 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Updates Spanish and German --- docs/.gitignore | 7 +- docs/manuals/de/concepts/concepts.kilepr | 10 +- docs/manuals/de/concepts/newfeatures.tex | 10 +- docs/manuals/es/concepts/concepts.kilepr | 14 +- docs/manuals/es/concepts/requirements.tex | 2 +- docs/manuals/es/concepts/rescue.tex | 804 ++++++++++++++++++++++ docs/manuals/es/concepts/state.tex | 4 +- 7 files changed, 830 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-) create mode 100644 docs/manuals/es/concepts/rescue.tex diff --git a/docs/.gitignore b/docs/.gitignore index 5636abfe..2df2f7d3 100644 --- a/docs/.gitignore +++ b/docs/.gitignore @@ -1,3 +1,9 @@ +*~ +*.~ +*.lof +*.lot +manuals/de/*/*.eps +manuals/es/*/*.eps manuals/*/install/install manuals/*/catalog/*.pdf manuals/*/*.pdf @@ -73,4 +79,3 @@ manuals/*/utility/utilityi-dir.tex manuals/*/utility/utilityi-fd.tex manuals/*/utility/utilityi-general.tex manuals/*/utility/utilityi-sd.tex - diff --git a/docs/manuals/de/concepts/concepts.kilepr b/docs/manuals/de/concepts/concepts.kilepr index 4c009f7c..e02c67ff 100644 --- a/docs/manuals/de/concepts/concepts.kilepr +++ b/docs/manuals/de/concepts/concepts.kilepr @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ img_extIsRegExp=false img_extensions=.eps .jpg .jpeg .png .pdf .ps .fig .gif kileprversion=2 kileversion=2.0 -lastDocument=disk.tex +lastDocument=newfeatures.tex masterDocument= name=Concepts pkg_extIsRegExp=false @@ -162,11 +162,11 @@ order=2 [item:newfeatures.tex] archive=true column=0 -encoding= +encoding=UTF-8 highlight=LaTeX -line=0 -open=false -order=-1 +line=1323 +open=true +order=4 [item:pools.tex] archive=true diff --git a/docs/manuals/de/concepts/newfeatures.tex b/docs/manuals/de/concepts/newfeatures.tex index dab12d10..64f6f874 100644 --- a/docs/manuals/de/concepts/newfeatures.tex +++ b/docs/manuals/de/concepts/newfeatures.tex @@ -1237,7 +1237,7 @@ backup to read the data. {\bf bpipe} will call this program by doing a {\bf popen} on it. \item {\bf field4} for the {\bf bpipe} plugin -specifies the "writer" program that is called by the plugin during +specifies the ``writer´´ program that is called by the plugin during restore to write the data back to the filesystem. \end{description} @@ -1291,7 +1291,7 @@ Microsoft Exchange organises its storage into Storage Groups with Databases inside them. A default installation of Exchange will have a single Storage Group called 'First Storage Group', with two Databases inside it, "Mailbox Store (SERVER NAME)" and -"Public Folder Store (SERVER NAME)", +"Public Folder Store (SERVER NAME)\", which hold user email and public folders respectively. In the default configuration, Exchange logs everything that happens to @@ -1299,7 +1299,7 @@ log files, such that if you have a backup, and all the log files since, you can restore to the present time. Each Storage Group has its own set of log files and operates independently of any other Storage Groups. At the Storage Group level, the logging can be turned off by enabling a -function called "Enable circular logging". At this time the Exchange +function called "Enable circular logging\". At this time the Exchange plugin will not function if this option is enabled. The plugin allows backing up of entire storage groups, and the restoring @@ -1321,14 +1321,14 @@ default Exchange installation. \subsection{Backup up} To back up an Exchange server the Fileset definition must contain at -least {\bf Plugin = "exchange:/@EXCHANGE/Microsoft Information Store"} for +least {\bf Plugin = "exchange:/@EXCHANGE/Microsoft Information Store" } for the backup to work correctly. The 'exchange:' bit tells Bacula to look for the exchange plugin, the '@EXCHANGE' bit makes sure all the backed up files are prefixed with something that isn't going to share a name with something outside the plugin, and the 'Microsoft Information Store' bit is required also. It is also possible to add the name of a storage group to the "Plugin =" line, eg \\ -{\bf Plugin = "exchange:/@EXCHANGE/Microsoft Information Store/First Storage Group"} \\ +{\bf Plugin = \"exchange:/@EXCHANGE/Microsoft Information Store/First Storage Group\"} \\ if you want only a single storage group backed up. Additionally, you can suffix the 'Plugin =' directive with diff --git a/docs/manuals/es/concepts/concepts.kilepr b/docs/manuals/es/concepts/concepts.kilepr index d1a28a6e..d3b53ac2 100644 --- a/docs/manuals/es/concepts/concepts.kilepr +++ b/docs/manuals/es/concepts/concepts.kilepr @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ img_extIsRegExp=false img_extensions=.eps .jpg .jpeg .png .pdf .ps .fig .gif kileprversion=2 kileversion=2.0 -lastDocument=supportedoses.tex +lastDocument=requirements.tex masterDocument= name=Concepts pkg_extIsRegExp=false @@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ order=-1 [item:requirements.tex] archive=true -column=44 +column=89 encoding=UTF-8 highlight=LaTeX line=48 @@ -252,11 +252,11 @@ order=-1 [item:state.tex] archive=true column=0 -encoding= -highlight= -line=0 -open=false -order=-1 +encoding=UTF-8 +highlight=LaTeX +line=42 +open=true +order=5 [item:strategies.tex] archive=true diff --git a/docs/manuals/es/concepts/requirements.tex b/docs/manuals/es/concepts/requirements.tex index 7969eeb0..463c8800 100644 --- a/docs/manuals/es/concepts/requirements.tex +++ b/docs/manuals/es/concepts/requirements.tex @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ de ventanas que soporte el sistema de bandeja estándar para \elink{ FreeDesktop /usr/include/termcap.h y el paquete termcap o la librería ncurses instalada (libtermcap-devel o ncurses-devel). \item Si se desea utilizar DVDs como medios de respaldo, se necesita descargar el -paquete \elink{dvd+rw-tools 5.21.4.10.8}(\url{http://fy.chalmers.se/~appro/linux/DVD+RW/}}, +paquete \elink{dvd+rw-tools 5.21.4.10.8}(\url{http://fy.chalmers.se/~appro/linux/DVD+RW/}, aplicar el patch, ubicado en el directorio \textbf{patches} del árbol de fuentes original, para hacer que estas herramientas sean compatibles con Bacula, luego se debe compilarlas e instalarlas. Hay un patch de dvd+rw-tools con versión diff --git a/docs/manuals/es/concepts/rescue.tex b/docs/manuals/es/concepts/rescue.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000..573bf015 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/manuals/es/concepts/rescue.tex @@ -0,0 +1,804 @@ +%% +%% + +\chapter{Disaster Recovery Using Bacula} +\label{RescueChapter} +\index[general]{Disaster Recovery Using Bacula} +\index[general]{Bacula!Disaster Recovery Using} +\index[general]{Recovery!Disaster Recovery} +\index[general]{Rescue!Disaster Recovery} + +\section{General} +\index[general]{General} + +When disaster strikes, you must have a plan, and you must have prepared in +advance otherwise the work of recovering your system and your files will be +considerably greater. For example, if you have not previously saved the +partitioning information for your hard disk, how can you properly rebuild +it if the disk must be replaced? + +Unfortunately, many of the steps one must take before and immediately after +a disaster are very operating system dependent. As a consequence, this +chapter will discuss in detail disaster recovery (also called Bare Metal +Recovery) for {\bf Linux} and {\bf Solaris}. For Solaris, the procedures +are still quite manual. For FreeBSD the same procedures may be used but +they are not yet developed. For Win32, a number of Bacula users have +reported success using BartPE. + + +\label{considerations1} +\section{Important Considerations} +\index[general]{Important Considerations} +\index[general]{Considerations!Important} + +Here are a few important considerations concerning disaster recovery that +you should take into account before a disaster strikes. + +\begin{itemize} +\item If the building which houses your computers burns down or is otherwise + destroyed, do you have off-site backup data? +\item Disaster recovery is much easier if you have several machines. If you + have a single machine, how will you handle unforeseen events if your only + machine is down? +\item Do you want to protect your whole system and use Bacula to recover + everything? or do you want to try to restore your system from the original + installation disks and apply any other updates and only restore user files? +\end{itemize} + +\label{steps1} +\section{Steps to Take Before Disaster Strikes} +\index[general]{Steps to Take Before Disaster Strikes} +\index[general]{Strikes!Steps to Take Before Disaster} + +\begin{itemize} +\item Create a rescue or CDROM for each of your Linux systems. Generally, + they are offered by each distribution, and there are many good + rescue disks on the Web (Knoppix, sysrescuecd, PLD Linux rescue CD, + tomsrtbt, RIP ... + +\item Create a bacula-hostname directory on + each machine and save it somewhere -- possibly on a USB key. +\item Ensure that you always have a valid bootstrap file for your backup and + that it is saved to an alternate machine. This will permit you to + easily do a full restore of your system. +\item If possible copy your catalog nightly to an alternate machine. If you + have a valid bootstrap file, this is not necessary, but can be very useful if + you do not want to reload everything. . +\item Ensure that you always have a valid bootstrap file for your catalog + backup that is saved to an alternate machine. This will permit you to restore + your catalog more easily if needed. +\item Test using the Rescue CDROM before you are forced to use it in + an emergency situation. +\item Make a copy of your Bacula .conf files, particularly your + bacula-dir.conf, and your bacula-sd.conf files, because if your server + goes down, these files will be needed to get it back up and running, + and they can be difficult to rebuild from memory. +\end{itemize} + +\label{rescueCDROM} +\section{Bare Metal Recovery on Linux with a Rescue CD} +\index[general]{Bare Metal Recovery on Linux with a Rescue CD} +\index[general]{CDROM!Bare Metal Recovery on Linux with a Rescue} + +As an alternative to creating a Rescue CD, please see the +section below entitled \ilink{Bare Metal Recovery using a LiveCD}{LiveCD}. + +Bacula previously had a Rescue CD. Unfortunately, this CD did not work +on every Linux Distro, and in addition, Linux is evolving with different +boot methods, more and more complex hardware configurations (LVM, RAID, +WiFi, USB, ...). As a consequence, the Bacula Rescue CD as it was +originally envisioned no longer exists. + +However there are many other good rescue disks available. +A so called "Bare Metal" recovery is one where you start with an empty hard +disk and you restore your machine. There are also cases where you may lose a +file or a directory and want it restored. Please see the previous chapter for +more details for those cases. + +Bare Metal Recovery assumes that you have the following items for your system: + +\begin{itemize} +\item A Rescue CDROM containing a copy of your OS. +\item Perhaps a copy of your + hard disk information, as well as a statically linked version of the + Bacula File daemon. +\item A full Bacula backup of your system possibly including Incremental or + Differential backups since the last Full backup +\item A second system running the Bacula Director, the Catalog, and the + Storage daemon. (this is not an absolute requirement, but how to get + around it is not yet documented here) +\end{itemize} + +\section{Requirements} +\index[general]{Requirements} + + +\label{restore_client} +\section{Restoring a Client System} +\index[general]{Restoring a Client System} +\index[general]{System!Restoring a Client} + +Now, let's assume that your hard disk has just died and that you have replaced +it with an new identical drive. In addition, we assume that you have: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item A recent Bacula backup (Full plus Incrementals) +\item A Rescue CDROM. +\item Your Bacula Director, Catalog, and Storage daemon running on another + machine on your local network. +\end{enumerate} + +This is a relatively simple case, and later in this chapter, as time permits, +we will discuss how you might recover from a situation where the machine that +crashes is your main Bacula server (i.e. has the Director, the Catalog, and +the Storage daemon). + +You will take the following steps to get your system back up and running: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Boot with your Rescue CDROM. +\item Start the Network (local network) +\item Re-partition your hard disk(s) as it was before +\item Re-format your partitions +\item Restore the Bacula File daemon (static version) +\item Perform a Bacula restore of all your files +\item Re-install your boot loader +\item Reboot +\end{enumerate} + +Now for the details ... + +\section{Boot with your Rescue CDROM} +\index[general]{CDROM!Boot with your Rescue} +\index[general]{Boot with your Rescue CDROM} + +Each rescue disk boots somewhat differently. Please see the +instructions that go with your CDROM. + + +\paragraph*{Start the Network:} + +\normalsize + +You can test it by pinging another machine, or pinging your broken machine +machine from another machine. Do not proceed until your network is up. + +\paragraph*{Partition Your Hard Disk(s):} + +\paragraph*{Format Your Hard Disk(s):} + +\paragraph*{Mount the Newly Formatted Disks:} + + +\paragraph*{Somehow get the static File daemon loaded on your system} +Put the static file daemon and its conf file in /tmp. + +\paragraph*{Restore and Start the File Daemon:} +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +chroot /mnt/disk /tmp/bacula-fd -c /tmp/bacula-fd.conf +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +The above command starts the Bacula File daemon with the proper root disk +location (i.e. {\bf /mnt/disk/tmp}. If Bacula does not start, correct the +problem and start it. You can check if it is running by entering: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +ps fax +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +You can kill Bacula by entering: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +kill -TERM +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +where {\bf pid} is the first number printed in front of the first occurrence +of {\bf bacula-fd} in the {\bf ps fax} command. + +Now, you should be able to use another computer with Bacula installed to check +the status by entering: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +status client=xxxx +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +into the Console program, where xxxx is the name of the client you are +restoring. + +One common problem is that your {\bf bacula-dir.conf} may contain machine +addresses that are not properly resolved on the stripped down system to be +restored because it is not running DNS. This is particularly true for the +address in the Storage resource of the Director, which may be very well +resolved on the Director's machine, but not on the machine being restored and +running the File daemon. In that case, be prepared to edit {\bf +bacula-dir.conf} to replace the name of the Storage daemon's domain name with +its IP address. + +\paragraph*{Restore Your Files:} + +On the computer that is running the Director, you now run a {\bf restore} +command and select the files to be restored (normally everything), but before +starting the restore, there is one final change you must make using the {\bf +mod} option. You must change the {\bf Where} directory to be the root by using +the {\bf mod} option just before running the job and selecting {\bf Where}. +Set it to: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +/ +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +then run the restore. + +You might be tempted to avoid using {\bf chroot} and running Bacula directly +and then using a {\bf Where} to specify a destination of {\bf /mnt/disk}. This +is possible, however, the current version of Bacula always restores files to +the new location, and thus any soft links that have been specified with +absolute paths will end up with {\bf /mnt/disk} prefixed to them. In general +this is not fatal to getting your system running, but be aware that you will +have to fix these links if you do not use {\bf chroot}. + +\paragraph*{Final Step:} + + + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +/sbin/grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/disk /dev/hda +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +Note, in this case, you omit the chroot command, and you must +replace /dev/hda with your boot device. If you don't know what your +boot device is, run the ./run\_grub script once and it will tell +you. + +Finally, I've even run into a case where grub-install was unable to +rewrite the boot block. In my case, it produced the following error +message: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +/dev/hdx does not have any corresponding BIOS drive. +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +The solution is to insure that all your disks are properly mounted on +/mnt/disk, then do the following: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +chroot /mnt/disk +mount /dev/pts +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +Then edit the file {\bf /boot/grub/grub.conf} and uncomment the line +that reads: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +#boot=/dev/hda +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +So that it reads: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +boot=/dev/hda +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +Note, the /dev/hda may be /dev/sda or possibly some other drive depending +on your configuration, but in any case, it is the same as the one that +you previously tried with {\bf grub-install}. + +Then, enter the following commands: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +grub --batch --device-map=/boot/grub/device.map \ + --config-file=/boot/grub/grub.conf --no-floppy +root (hd0,0) +setup (hd0) +quit +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +If the {\bf grub} call worked, you will get a prompt of {\bf grub\gt{}} +before the {\bf root}, {\bf setup}, and {\bf quit} commands, and after +entering the {\bf setup} command, it should indicate that it successfully +wrote the MBR (master boot record). + + +\paragraph*{Reboot:} + +First unmount all your hard disks, otherwise they will not be cleanly +shutdown, then reboot your machine by entering {\bf exit} until you get to the +main prompt then enter {\bf Ctrl-d}. Once back to the main CDROM prompt, you +will need to turn the power off, then back on to your machine to get it to +reboot. + +If everything went well, you should now be back up and running. If not, +re-insert the emergency boot CDROM, boot, and figure out what is wrong. + +\label{restore_server} +\section{Restoring a Server} +\index[general]{Restoring a Server} +\index[general]{Server!Restoring a} + +Above, we considered how to recover a client machine where a valid Bacula +server was running on another machine. However, what happens if your server +goes down and you no longer have a running Director, Catalog, or Storage +daemon? There are several solutions: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Bring up static versions of your Director, Catalog, and Storage daemon + on the damaged machine. + +\item Move your server to another machine. + +\item Use a Hot Spare Server on another Machine. +\end{enumerate} + +The first option, is very difficult because it requires you to have created a +static version of the Director and the Storage daemon as well as the Catalog. +If the Catalog uses MySQL or PostgreSQL, this may or may not be possible. In +addition, to loading all these programs on a bare system (quite possible), you +will need to make sure you have a valid driver for your tape drive. + +The second suggestion is probably a much simpler solution, and one I have done +myself. To do so, you might want to consider the following steps: + +\begin{itemize} +\item If you are using MySQL or PostgreSQL, configure, build and install it + from source (or use rpms) on your new system. +\item Load the Bacula source code onto your new system, configure, install + it, and create the Bacula database. +\item Ideally, you will have a copy of all the Bacula conf files that + were being used on your server. If not, you will at a minimum need + create a bacula-dir.conf that has the same Client resource that + was used to backup your system. +\item If you have a valid saved Bootstrap file as created for your damaged + machine with WriteBootstrap, use it to restore the files to the damaged + machine, where you have loaded a static Bacula File daemon using the + Rescue disk). This is done by using the restore command and at + the yes/mod/no prompt, selecting {\bf mod} then specifying the path to + the bootstrap file. +\item If you have the Bootstrap file, you should now be back up and running, + if you do not have a Bootstrap file, continue with the suggestions below. +\item Using {\bf bscan} scan the last set of backup tapes into your MySQL, + PostgreSQL or SQLite database. +\item Start Bacula, and using the Console {\bf restore} command, restore the + last valid copy of the Bacula database and the Bacula configuration + files. +\item Move the database to the correct location. +\item Start the database, and restart Bacula. Then use the Console {\bf + restore} command, restore all the files on the damaged machine, where you + have loaded a Bacula File daemon using the Rescue disk. +\end{itemize} + +For additional details of restoring your database, please see the +\ilink{Restoring When Things Go Wrong}{database_restore} section +of the Console Restore Command chapter of this manual. + + +\label{problems2} +\section{Linux Problems or Bugs} +\index[general]{Bugs!Linux Problems or} +\index[general]{Linux Problems or Bugs} + +Since every flavor and every release of Linux is different, there are likely +to be some small difficulties with the scripts, so please be prepared to edit +them in a minimal environment. A rudimentary knowledge of {\bf vi} is very +useful. Also, these scripts do not do everything. You will need to reformat +Windows partitions by hand, for example. + +Getting the boot loader back can be a problem if you are using {\bf grub} +because it is so complicated. If all else fails, reboot your system from your +floppy but using the restored disk image, then proceed to a reinstallation of +grub (looking at the run-grub script can help). By contrast, lilo is a piece +of cake. + +\label{LiveCD} +\section{Bare Metal Recovery using a LiveCD} +\index[general]{Bare Metal Recovery using a LiveCD} +\index[general]{Recovery!Bare Metal Recovery using a LiveCD} +\index[general]{Rescue!Bare Metal Recovery using a LiveCD} +\index[general]{LiveCD!Bare Metal Recovery using a LiveCD} + +As an alternative to the old now defunct Bacula Rescue CDROM, you can use any +system rescue or LiveCD to recover your system. The big problem +with most rescue or LiveCDs is that they are not designed to +capture the current state of your system, so when you boot them on +a damaged system, you might be somewhat lost -- e.g. how many of +you remember your exact hard disk partitioning. + +This lack can be easily corrected by running the part of the +Bacula Rescue code that creates a directory containing a +static-bacula-fd, a snapshot of your current system disk +configuration, and scripts that help restoring it. + +Before a disaster strikes: +\begin{enumerate} +\item Run only the {\bf make bacula} part of the + Bacula Rescue procedure to create the static Bacula + File daemon, and system disk snapshot. +\item Save the directory generated (more details below) + preferrably on a CDROM or alternatively to some other + system. +\item Possibly run {\bf make bacula} every night as + part of your backup process to ensure that you have + a current snapshot of your system. +\end{enumerate} + +Then when disaster strikes, do the following: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Boot with your system rescue disk or LiveCD + (e.g. Knoppix). +\item Start the Network (local network). +\item Copy the Bacula recovery directory to the + damaged system using ftp, scp, wget or if your + boot disk permits it reading it directly from a + CDROM. +\item Continue as documented above. +\item Re-partition your hard disk(s) as it was before, + if necessary. +\item Re-format your partitions, if necessary. +\item Restore the Bacula File daemon (static version). +\item Perform a Bacula restore of all your files. +\item Re-install your boot loader. +\item Reboot. +\end{enumerate} + +In order to create the Bacula recovery directory, you need +a copy of the Bacula Rescue code as described above, and +you must first configure that directory. + +Once the configuration is done, you can do the following +to create the Bacula recovery directory: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +cd /linux/cdrom +su (become root) +make bacula +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +The directory you want to save will be created in +the current directory with the name {\bf bacula}. You +need only save that directory either as a directory or +possibly as a compressed tar file. If you run this procedure +on multiple machines, you will probably want to rename this directory +to something like {\bf bacula-hostname}. + + + +\label{FreeBSD1} +\section{FreeBSD Bare Metal Recovery} +\index[general]{Recovery!FreeBSD Bare Metal} +\index[general]{Rescue!FreeBSD Bare Metal} +\index[general]{FreeBSD Bare Metal Recovery} + +The same basic techniques described above also apply to FreeBSD. Although we +don't yet have a fully automated procedure, Alex Torres Molina has provided us +with the following instructions with a few additions from Jesse Guardiani and +Dan Langille: + +\begin{enumerate} +\item Boot with the FreeBSD installation disk +\item Go to Custom, Partition and create your slices and go to Label and + create the partitions that you want. Apply changes. +\item Go to Fixit to start an emergency console. +\item Create devs ad0 .. .. if they don't exist under /mnt2/dev (in my situation) + with MAKEDEV. The device or devices you create depend on what hard drives you + have. ad0 is your first ATA drive. da0 would by your first SCSI drive. Under +OS version 5 and greater, your device files are most likely automatically +created for you. +\item mkdir /mnt/disk + this is the root of the new disk +\item mount /mnt2/dev/ad0s1a /mnt/disk + mount /mnt2/dev/ad0s1c /mnt/disk/var + mount /mnt2/dev/ad0s1d /mnt/disk/usr +..... +The same hard drive issues as above apply here too. Note, under OS version 5 +or higher, your disk devices may be in /dev not /mnt2/dev. +\item Network configuration (ifconfig xl0 ip/mask + route add default + ip-gateway) +\item mkdir /mnt/disk/tmp +\item cd /mnt/disk/tmp +\item Copy bacula-fd and bacula-fd.conf to this path +\item If you need to, use sftp to copy files, after which you must do this: + ln -s /mnt2/usr/bin /usr/bin +\item chmod u+x bacula-fd +\item Modify bacula-fd.conf to fit this machine +\item Copy /bin/sh to /mnt/disk, necessary for chroot +\item Don't forget to put your bacula-dir's IP address and domain name in + /mnt/disk/etc/hosts if it's not on a public net. Otherwise the FD on the + machine you are restoring to won't be able to contact the SD and DIR on the +remote machine. +\item mkdir -p /mnt/disk/var/db/bacula +\item chroot /mnt/disk /tmp/bacula-fd -c /tmp/bacula-fd.conf + to start bacula-fd +\item Now you can go to bacula-dir and restore the job with the entire + contents of the broken server. +\item You must create /proc +\end{enumerate} + +\label{solaris} +\section{Solaris Bare Metal Recovery} +\index[general]{Solaris Bare Metal Recovery} +\index[general]{Recovery!Solaris Bare Metal} + +The same basic techniques described above apply to Solaris: + +\begin{itemize} +\item the same restrictions as those given for Linux apply +\item you will need to create a Rescue disk + \end{itemize} + +However, during the recovery phase, the boot and disk preparation procedures +are different: + +\begin{itemize} +\item there is no need to create an emergency boot disk since it is an + integrated part of the Solaris boot. +\item you must partition and format your hard disk by hand following manual + procedures as described in W. Curtis Preston's book "Unix Backup \& + Recovery" +\end{itemize} + +Once the disk is partitioned, formatted and mounted, you can continue with +bringing up the network and reloading Bacula. + +\section{Preparing Solaris Before a Disaster} +\index[general]{Preparing Solaris Before a Disaster} +\index[general]{Disaster!Preparing Solaris Before a} + +As mentioned above, before a disaster strikes, you should prepare the +information needed in the case of problems. To do so, in the {\bf +rescue/solaris} subdirectory enter: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +su +./getdiskinfo +./make_rescue_disk +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +The {\bf getdiskinfo} script will, as in the case of Linux described above, +create a subdirectory {\bf diskinfo} containing the output from several system +utilities. In addition, it will contain the output from the {\bf SysAudit} +program as described in Curtis Preston's book. This file {\bf +diskinfo/sysaudit.bsi} will contain the disk partitioning information that +will allow you to manually follow the procedures in the "Unix Backup \& +Recovery" book to repartition and format your hard disk. In addition, the +{\bf getdiskinfo} script will create a {\bf start\_network} script. + +Once you have your disks repartitioned and formatted, do the following: + +\begin{itemize} +\item Start Your Network with the {\bf start\_network} script +\item Restore the Bacula File daemon as documented above +\item Perform a Bacula restore of all your files using the same commands as + described above for Linux +\item Re-install your boot loader using the instructions outlined in the + "Unix Backup \& Recovery" book using installboot +\end{itemize} + +\label{genbugs} + +\section{Bugs and Other Considerations} +\index[general]{Considerations!Bugs and Other} +\index[general]{Bugs and Other Considerations} + +\paragraph*{Directory Modification and Access Times are Modified on pre-1.30 +Baculas :} + +When a pre-1.30 version of Bacula restores a directory, it first must create +the directory, then it populates the directory with its files and +subdirectories. The act of creating the files and subdirectories updates both +the modification and access times associated with the directory itself. As a +consequence, all modification and access times of all directories will be +updated to the time of the restore. + +This has been corrected in Bacula version 1.30 and later. The directory +modification and access times are reset to the value saved in the backup after +all the files and subdirectories have been restored. This has been tested and +verified on normal restore operations, but not verified during a bare metal +recovery. + +\paragraph*{Strange Bootstrap Files:} + +If any of you look closely at the bootstrap file that is produced and used for +the restore (I sure do), you will probably notice that the FileIndex item does +not include all the files saved to the tape. This is because in some instances +there are duplicates (especially in the case of an Incremental save), and in +such circumstances, {\bf Bacula} restores only the last of multiple copies of +a file or directory. + +\label{Win3233} +\section{Disaster Recovery of Win32 Systems} +\index[general]{Systems!Disaster Recovery of Win32} +\index[general]{Disaster Recovery of Win32 Systems} + +Due to open system files, and registry problems, Bacula cannot save and +restore a complete Win2K/XP/NT environment. + +A suggestion by Damian Coutts using Microsoft's NTBackup utility in +conjunction with Bacula should permit a Full bare metal restore of Win2K/XP +(and possibly NT systems). His suggestion is to do an NTBackup of the critical +system state prior to running a Bacula backup with the following command: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +ntbackup backup systemstate /F c:\systemstate.bkf +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +The {\bf backup} is the command, the {\bf systemstate} says to backup only the +system state and not all the user files, and the {\bf /F +c:\textbackslash{}systemstate.bkf} specifies where to write the state file. +this file must then be saved and restored by Bacula. This command +can be put in a Client Run Before Job directive so that it is automatically +run during each backup, and thus saved to a Bacula Volume. + +To restore the system state, you first reload a base operating system, then +you would use Bacula to restore all the users files and to recover the {\bf +c:\textbackslash{}systemstate.bkf} file, and finally, run {\bf NTBackup} and +{\bf catalogue} the system statefile, and then select it for restore. The +documentation says you can't run a command line restore of the systemstate. + +This procedure has been confirmed to work by Ludovic Strappazon -- many +thanks! + +A new tool is provided in the form of a bacula plugin for the BartPE rescue +CD. BartPE is a self-contained WindowsXP boot CD which you can make using the +PeBuilder tools available at +\elink{http://www.nu2.nu/pebuilder/}{\url{http://www.nu2.nu/pebuilder/}} and a valid +Windows XP SP1 CDROM. The plugin is provided as a zip archive. Unzip the file +and copy the bacula directory into the plugin directory of your BartPE +installation. Edit the configuration files to suit your installation and build +your CD according to the instructions at Bart's site. This will permit you to +boot from the cd, configure and start networking, start the bacula file client +and access your director with the console program. The programs menu on the +booted CD contains entries to install the file client service, start the file +client service, and start the WX-Console. You can also open a command line +window and CD Programs\textbackslash{}Bacula and run the command line console +bconsole. + +\section{Ownership and Permissions on Win32 Systems} +\index[general]{Systems!Resetting Directory and File Ownership and Permissions +on Win32} +\index[general]{Resetting Directory and File Ownership and Permissions on +Win32 Systems} +% TODO: should this be in the win32 chapter? + +Bacula versions after 1.31 should properly restore ownership and permissions +on all WinNT/XP/2K systems. If you do experience problems, generally in +restores to alternate directories because higher level directories were not +backed up by Bacula, you can correct any problems with the {\bf SetACL} +available under the GPL license at: +\elink{http://sourceforge.net/projects/setacl/}{\url{http://sourceforge.net/project% +s/setacl/}}. + +\section{Alternate Disaster Recovery Suggestion for Win32 Systems} +\index[general]{Systems!Alternate Disaster Recovery Suggestion for Win32} +\index[general]{Alternate Disaster Recovery Suggestion for Win32 Systems} +% TODO: should this be in the win32 chapter?? + +Ludovic Strappazon has suggested an interesting way to backup and restore +complete Win32 partitions. Simply boot your Win32 system with a Linux Rescue +disk as described above for Linux, install a statically linked Bacula, and +backup any of the raw partitions you want. Then to restore the system, you +simply restore the raw partition or partitions. Here is the email that Ludovic +recently sent on that subject: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +I've just finished testing my brand new cd LFS/Bacula +with a raw Bacula backup and restore of my portable. +I can't resist sending you the results: look at the rates !!! +hunt-dir: Start Backup JobId 100, Job=HuntBackup.2003-04-17_12.58.26 +hunt-dir: Bacula 1.30 (14Apr03): 17-Apr-2003 13:14 +JobId: 100 +Job: HuntBackup.2003-04-17_12.58.26 +FileSet: RawPartition +Backup Level: Full +Client: sauvegarde-fd +Start time: 17-Apr-2003 12:58 +End time: 17-Apr-2003 13:14 +Files Written: 1 +Bytes Written: 10,058,586,272 +Rate: 10734.9 KB/s +Software Compression: None +Volume names(s): 000103 +Volume Session Id: 2 +Volume Session Time: 1050576790 +Last Volume Bytes: 10,080,883,520 +FD termination status: OK +SD termination status: OK +Termination: Backup OK +hunt-dir: Begin pruning Jobs. +hunt-dir: No Jobs found to prune. +hunt-dir: Begin pruning Files. +hunt-dir: No Files found to prune. +hunt-dir: End auto prune. +hunt-dir: Start Restore Job RestoreFilesHunt.2003-04-17_13.21.44 +hunt-sd: Forward spacing to file 1. +hunt-dir: Bacula 1.30 (14Apr03): 17-Apr-2003 13:54 +JobId: 101 +Job: RestoreFilesHunt.2003-04-17_13.21.44 +Client: sauvegarde-fd +Start time: 17-Apr-2003 13:21 +End time: 17-Apr-2003 13:54 +Files Restored: 1 +Bytes Restored: 10,056,130,560 +Rate: 5073.7 KB/s +FD termination status: OK +Termination: Restore OK +hunt-dir: Begin pruning Jobs. +hunt-dir: No Jobs found to prune. +hunt-dir: Begin pruning Files. +hunt-dir: No Files found to prune. +hunt-dir: End auto prune. +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +\label{running} + +\section{Restoring to a Running System} +\index[general]{System!Restoring to a Running} +\index[general]{Restoring to a Running System} + +If for some reason you want to do a Full restore to a system that has a +working kernel (not recommended), you will need to take care not to +overwrite the following files: + +\footnotesize +\begin{verbatim} +/etc/grub.conf +/etc/X11/Conf +/etc/fstab +/etc/mtab +/lib/modules +/usr/modules +/usr/X11R6 +/etc/modules.conf +\end{verbatim} +\normalsize + +\label{Resources} + +\section{Additional Resources} +\index[general]{Additional Resources} +\index[general]{Resources!Additional} + +Many thanks to Charles Curley who wrote +\elink{Linux Complete Backup and Recovery HOWTO} +{\url{http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Linux-Complete-Backup-and-Recovery-HOWTO/index.html% +}} for the +\elink{The Linux Documentation Project}{\url{http://www.tldp.org/}}. This is an +excellent document on how to do Bare Metal Recovery on Linux systems, and it +was this document that made me realize that Bacula could do the same thing. + +You can find quite a few additional resources, both commercial and free at +\elink{Storage Mountain}{\url{http://www.backupcentral.com}}, formerly known as +Backup Central. + +And finally, the O'Reilly book, "Unix Backup \& Recovery" by W. Curtis +Preston covers virtually every backup and recovery topic including bare metal +recovery for a large range of Unix systems. diff --git a/docs/manuals/es/concepts/state.tex b/docs/manuals/es/concepts/state.tex index 689d3d5c..8c47b7de 100644 --- a/docs/manuals/es/concepts/state.tex +++ b/docs/manuals/es/concepts/state.tex @@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ definidas cliente por cliente \item Recuperación de uno o mas archivos, seleccionados interativamente desde el backup actual o antes de una hora y fecha indicada. \item Restauración de un sistema completo, para un equipo nuevo, configurado desde -\textquotedbl{}cero\textquotedbl{} (también se le conoce como \textquotedbl{}bare -metal\textquotedbl{}). Este procedimiento está completamente automatizado para +\verb+"+cero\verb+"+ (también se le conoce como \verb+"+bare +metal\verb+"+). Este procedimiento está completamente automatizado para equipos con Linux y parcialmente automatizado para Solaris. Vea el link \ilink{Disaster Recovery utilizando Bacula}{Capítulo de Rescate}.También se ha reportado que funciona en sistemas con Win2K/XP. -- 2.39.5