2 * Image manipulator for Marvell SoCs
3 * supports Kirkwood, Dove, Armada 370, and Armada XP
5 * (C) Copyright 2013 Thomas Petazzoni
6 * <thomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com>
8 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
10 * Not implemented: support for the register headers and secure
11 * headers in v1 images
14 #include "imagetool.h"
20 #define ALIGN_SUP(x, a) (((x) + (a - 1)) & ~(a - 1))
22 /* Structure of the main header, version 0 (Kirkwood, Dove) */
24 uint8_t blockid; /*0 */
25 uint8_t nandeccmode; /*1 */
26 uint16_t nandpagesize; /*2-3 */
27 uint32_t blocksize; /*4-7 */
28 uint32_t rsvd1; /*8-11 */
29 uint32_t srcaddr; /*12-15 */
30 uint32_t destaddr; /*16-19 */
31 uint32_t execaddr; /*20-23 */
32 uint8_t satapiomode; /*24 */
33 uint8_t rsvd3; /*25 */
34 uint16_t ddrinitdelay; /*26-27 */
35 uint16_t rsvd2; /*28-29 */
37 uint8_t checksum; /*31 */
40 struct ext_hdr_v0_reg {
45 #define EXT_HDR_V0_REG_COUNT ((0x1dc - 0x20) / sizeof(struct ext_hdr_v0_reg))
49 uint8_t reserved[0x20 - sizeof(uint32_t)];
50 struct ext_hdr_v0_reg rcfg[EXT_HDR_V0_REG_COUNT];
55 /* Structure of the main header, version 1 (Armada 370, Armada XP) */
57 uint8_t blockid; /* 0 */
58 uint8_t reserved1; /* 1 */
59 uint16_t reserved2; /* 2-3 */
60 uint32_t blocksize; /* 4-7 */
61 uint8_t version; /* 8 */
62 uint8_t headersz_msb; /* 9 */
63 uint16_t headersz_lsb; /* A-B */
64 uint32_t srcaddr; /* C-F */
65 uint32_t destaddr; /* 10-13 */
66 uint32_t execaddr; /* 14-17 */
67 uint8_t reserved3; /* 18 */
68 uint8_t nandblocksize; /* 19 */
69 uint8_t nandbadblklocation; /* 1A */
70 uint8_t reserved4; /* 1B */
71 uint16_t reserved5; /* 1C-1D */
73 uint8_t checksum; /* 1F */
77 * Header for the optional headers, version 1 (Armada 370, Armada XP)
82 uint16_t headersz_lsb;
87 * Various values for the opt_hdr_v1->headertype field, describing the
88 * different types of optional headers. The "secure" header contains
89 * informations related to secure boot (encryption keys, etc.). The
90 * "binary" header contains ARM binary code to be executed prior to
91 * executing the main payload (usually the bootloader). This is
92 * typically used to execute DDR3 training code. The "register" header
93 * allows to describe a set of (address, value) tuples that are
94 * generally used to configure the DRAM controller.
96 #define OPT_HDR_V1_SECURE_TYPE 0x1
97 #define OPT_HDR_V1_BINARY_TYPE 0x2
98 #define OPT_HDR_V1_REGISTER_TYPE 0x3
100 #define KWBHEADER_V1_SIZE(hdr) \
101 (((hdr)->headersz_msb << 16) | (hdr)->headersz_lsb)
103 static struct image_cfg_element *image_cfg;
111 struct boot_mode boot_modes[] = {
121 struct nand_ecc_mode {
126 struct nand_ecc_mode nand_ecc_modes[] = {
130 { 0x03, "disabled" },
134 /* Used to identify an undefined execution or destination address */
135 #define ADDR_INVALID ((uint32_t)-1)
137 #define BINARY_MAX_ARGS 8
139 /* In-memory representation of a line of the configuration file */
140 struct image_cfg_element {
142 IMAGE_CFG_VERSION = 0x1,
146 IMAGE_CFG_NAND_BLKSZ,
147 IMAGE_CFG_NAND_BADBLK_LOCATION,
148 IMAGE_CFG_NAND_ECC_MODE,
149 IMAGE_CFG_NAND_PAGESZ,
155 unsigned int version;
156 unsigned int bootfrom;
159 unsigned int args[BINARY_MAX_ARGS];
163 unsigned int dstaddr;
164 unsigned int execaddr;
165 unsigned int nandblksz;
166 unsigned int nandbadblklocation;
167 unsigned int nandeccmode;
168 unsigned int nandpagesz;
169 struct ext_hdr_v0_reg regdata;
173 #define IMAGE_CFG_ELEMENT_MAX 256
176 * Byte 8 of the image header contains the version number. In the v0
177 * header, byte 8 was reserved, and always set to 0. In the v1 header,
178 * byte 8 has been changed to a proper field, set to 1.
180 static unsigned int image_version(void *header)
182 unsigned char *ptr = header;
187 * Utility functions to manipulate boot mode and ecc modes (convert
188 * them back and forth between description strings and the
189 * corresponding numerical identifiers).
192 static const char *image_boot_mode_name(unsigned int id)
195 for (i = 0; boot_modes[i].name; i++)
196 if (boot_modes[i].id == id)
197 return boot_modes[i].name;
201 int image_boot_mode_id(const char *boot_mode_name)
204 for (i = 0; boot_modes[i].name; i++)
205 if (!strcmp(boot_modes[i].name, boot_mode_name))
206 return boot_modes[i].id;
211 int image_nand_ecc_mode_id(const char *nand_ecc_mode_name)
214 for (i = 0; nand_ecc_modes[i].name; i++)
215 if (!strcmp(nand_ecc_modes[i].name, nand_ecc_mode_name))
216 return nand_ecc_modes[i].id;
220 static struct image_cfg_element *
221 image_find_option(unsigned int optiontype)
225 for (i = 0; i < cfgn; i++) {
226 if (image_cfg[i].type == optiontype)
227 return &image_cfg[i];
234 image_count_options(unsigned int optiontype)
237 unsigned int count = 0;
239 for (i = 0; i < cfgn; i++)
240 if (image_cfg[i].type == optiontype)
247 * Compute a 8-bit checksum of a memory area. This algorithm follows
248 * the requirements of the Marvell SoC BootROM specifications.
250 static uint8_t image_checksum8(void *start, uint32_t len)
255 /* check len and return zero checksum if invalid */
267 static uint32_t image_checksum32(void *start, uint32_t len)
272 /* check len and return zero checksum if invalid */
276 if (len % sizeof(uint32_t)) {
277 fprintf(stderr, "Length %d is not in multiple of %zu\n",
278 len, sizeof(uint32_t));
285 len -= sizeof(uint32_t);
291 static void *image_create_v0(size_t *imagesz, struct image_tool_params *params,
294 struct image_cfg_element *e;
296 struct main_hdr_v0 *main_hdr;
297 struct ext_hdr_v0 *ext_hdr;
302 * Calculate the size of the header and the size of the
305 headersz = sizeof(struct main_hdr_v0);
307 if (image_count_options(IMAGE_CFG_DATA) > 0) {
309 headersz += sizeof(struct ext_hdr_v0);
312 if (image_count_options(IMAGE_CFG_PAYLOAD) > 1) {
313 fprintf(stderr, "More than one payload, not possible\n");
317 image = malloc(headersz);
319 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot allocate memory for image\n");
323 memset(image, 0, headersz);
327 /* Fill in the main header */
328 main_hdr->blocksize = payloadsz + sizeof(uint32_t) - headersz;
329 main_hdr->srcaddr = headersz;
330 main_hdr->ext = has_ext;
331 main_hdr->destaddr = params->addr;
332 main_hdr->execaddr = params->ep;
334 e = image_find_option(IMAGE_CFG_BOOT_FROM);
336 main_hdr->blockid = e->bootfrom;
337 e = image_find_option(IMAGE_CFG_NAND_ECC_MODE);
339 main_hdr->nandeccmode = e->nandeccmode;
340 e = image_find_option(IMAGE_CFG_NAND_PAGESZ);
342 main_hdr->nandpagesize = e->nandpagesz;
343 main_hdr->checksum = image_checksum8(image,
344 sizeof(struct main_hdr_v0));
346 /* Generate the ext header */
350 ext_hdr = image + sizeof(struct main_hdr_v0);
351 ext_hdr->offset = 0x40;
353 for (cfgi = 0, datai = 0; cfgi < cfgn; cfgi++) {
354 e = &image_cfg[cfgi];
355 if (e->type != IMAGE_CFG_DATA)
358 ext_hdr->rcfg[datai].raddr = e->regdata.raddr;
359 ext_hdr->rcfg[datai].rdata = e->regdata.rdata;
363 ext_hdr->checksum = image_checksum8(ext_hdr,
364 sizeof(struct ext_hdr_v0));
371 static size_t image_headersz_v1(struct image_tool_params *params,
374 struct image_cfg_element *binarye;
379 * Calculate the size of the header and the size of the
382 headersz = sizeof(struct main_hdr_v1);
384 if (image_count_options(IMAGE_CFG_BINARY) > 1) {
385 fprintf(stderr, "More than one binary blob, not supported\n");
389 if (image_count_options(IMAGE_CFG_PAYLOAD) > 1) {
390 fprintf(stderr, "More than one payload, not possible\n");
394 binarye = image_find_option(IMAGE_CFG_BINARY);
398 ret = stat(binarye->binary.file, &s);
403 memset(cwd, 0, sizeof(cwd));
404 if (!getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd))) {
405 dir = "current working directory";
406 perror("getcwd() failed");
410 "Didn't find the file '%s' in '%s' which is mandatory to generate the image\n"
411 "This file generally contains the DDR3 training code, and should be extracted from an existing bootable\n"
412 "image for your board. See 'kwbimage -x' to extract it from an existing image.\n",
413 binarye->binary.file, dir);
417 headersz += s.st_size +
418 binarye->binary.nargs * sizeof(unsigned int);
424 * The payload should be aligned on some reasonable
427 return ALIGN_SUP(headersz, 4096);
430 static void *image_create_v1(size_t *imagesz, struct image_tool_params *params,
433 struct image_cfg_element *e, *binarye;
434 struct main_hdr_v1 *main_hdr;
441 * Calculate the size of the header and the size of the
444 headersz = image_headersz_v1(params, &hasext);
448 image = malloc(headersz);
450 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot allocate memory for image\n");
454 memset(image, 0, headersz);
456 cur = main_hdr = image;
457 cur += sizeof(struct main_hdr_v1);
459 /* Fill the main header */
460 main_hdr->blocksize = payloadsz - headersz + sizeof(uint32_t);
461 main_hdr->headersz_lsb = headersz & 0xFFFF;
462 main_hdr->headersz_msb = (headersz & 0xFFFF0000) >> 16;
463 main_hdr->destaddr = params->addr;
464 main_hdr->execaddr = params->ep;
465 main_hdr->srcaddr = headersz;
466 main_hdr->ext = hasext;
467 main_hdr->version = 1;
468 e = image_find_option(IMAGE_CFG_BOOT_FROM);
470 main_hdr->blockid = e->bootfrom;
471 e = image_find_option(IMAGE_CFG_NAND_BLKSZ);
473 main_hdr->nandblocksize = e->nandblksz / (64 * 1024);
474 e = image_find_option(IMAGE_CFG_NAND_BADBLK_LOCATION);
476 main_hdr->nandbadblklocation = e->nandbadblklocation;
478 binarye = image_find_option(IMAGE_CFG_BINARY);
480 struct opt_hdr_v1 *hdr = cur;
487 hdr->headertype = OPT_HDR_V1_BINARY_TYPE;
489 bin = fopen(binarye->binary.file, "r");
491 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open binary file %s\n",
492 binarye->binary.file);
496 fstat(fileno(bin), &s);
498 binhdrsz = sizeof(struct opt_hdr_v1) +
499 (binarye->binary.nargs + 1) * sizeof(unsigned int) +
501 hdr->headersz_lsb = binhdrsz & 0xFFFF;
502 hdr->headersz_msb = (binhdrsz & 0xFFFF0000) >> 16;
504 cur += sizeof(struct opt_hdr_v1);
507 *args = binarye->binary.nargs;
509 for (argi = 0; argi < binarye->binary.nargs; argi++)
510 args[argi] = binarye->binary.args[argi];
512 cur += (binarye->binary.nargs + 1) * sizeof(unsigned int);
514 ret = fread(cur, s.st_size, 1, bin);
517 "Could not read binary image %s\n",
518 binarye->binary.file);
527 * For now, we don't support more than one binary
528 * header, and no other header types are
529 * supported. So, the binary header is necessarily the
532 *((unsigned char *)cur) = 0;
534 cur += sizeof(uint32_t);
537 /* Calculate and set the header checksum */
538 main_hdr->checksum = image_checksum8(main_hdr, headersz);
544 static int image_create_config_parse_oneline(char *line,
545 struct image_cfg_element *el)
547 char *keyword, *saveptr;
548 char deliminiters[] = " \t";
550 keyword = strtok_r(line, deliminiters, &saveptr);
551 if (!strcmp(keyword, "VERSION")) {
552 char *value = strtok_r(NULL, deliminiters, &saveptr);
553 el->type = IMAGE_CFG_VERSION;
554 el->version = atoi(value);
555 } else if (!strcmp(keyword, "BOOT_FROM")) {
556 char *value = strtok_r(NULL, deliminiters, &saveptr);
557 int ret = image_boot_mode_id(value);
560 "Invalid boot media '%s'\n", value);
563 el->type = IMAGE_CFG_BOOT_FROM;
565 } else if (!strcmp(keyword, "NAND_BLKSZ")) {
566 char *value = strtok_r(NULL, deliminiters, &saveptr);
567 el->type = IMAGE_CFG_NAND_BLKSZ;
568 el->nandblksz = strtoul(value, NULL, 16);
569 } else if (!strcmp(keyword, "NAND_BADBLK_LOCATION")) {
570 char *value = strtok_r(NULL, deliminiters, &saveptr);
571 el->type = IMAGE_CFG_NAND_BADBLK_LOCATION;
572 el->nandbadblklocation =
573 strtoul(value, NULL, 16);
574 } else if (!strcmp(keyword, "NAND_ECC_MODE")) {
575 char *value = strtok_r(NULL, deliminiters, &saveptr);
576 int ret = image_nand_ecc_mode_id(value);
579 "Invalid NAND ECC mode '%s'\n", value);
582 el->type = IMAGE_CFG_NAND_ECC_MODE;
583 el->nandeccmode = ret;
584 } else if (!strcmp(keyword, "NAND_PAGE_SIZE")) {
585 char *value = strtok_r(NULL, deliminiters, &saveptr);
586 el->type = IMAGE_CFG_NAND_PAGESZ;
587 el->nandpagesz = strtoul(value, NULL, 16);
588 } else if (!strcmp(keyword, "BINARY")) {
589 char *value = strtok_r(NULL, deliminiters, &saveptr);
592 el->type = IMAGE_CFG_BINARY;
593 el->binary.file = strdup(value);
595 value = strtok_r(NULL, deliminiters, &saveptr);
598 el->binary.args[argi] = strtoul(value, NULL, 16);
600 if (argi >= BINARY_MAX_ARGS) {
602 "Too many argument for binary\n");
606 el->binary.nargs = argi;
607 } else if (!strcmp(keyword, "DATA")) {
608 char *value1 = strtok_r(NULL, deliminiters, &saveptr);
609 char *value2 = strtok_r(NULL, deliminiters, &saveptr);
611 if (!value1 || !value2) {
613 "Invalid number of arguments for DATA\n");
617 el->type = IMAGE_CFG_DATA;
618 el->regdata.raddr = strtoul(value1, NULL, 16);
619 el->regdata.rdata = strtoul(value2, NULL, 16);
621 fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring unknown line '%s'\n", line);
628 * Parse the configuration file 'fcfg' into the array of configuration
629 * elements 'image_cfg', and return the number of configuration
630 * elements in 'cfgn'.
632 static int image_create_config_parse(FILE *fcfg)
637 /* Parse the configuration file */
638 while (!feof(fcfg)) {
642 /* Read the current line */
643 memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
644 line = fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fcfg);
648 /* Ignore useless lines */
649 if (line[0] == '\n' || line[0] == '#')
652 /* Strip final newline */
653 if (line[strlen(line) - 1] == '\n')
654 line[strlen(line) - 1] = 0;
656 /* Parse the current line */
657 ret = image_create_config_parse_oneline(line,
664 if (cfgi >= IMAGE_CFG_ELEMENT_MAX) {
666 "Too many configuration elements in .cfg file\n");
675 static int image_get_version(void)
677 struct image_cfg_element *e;
679 e = image_find_option(IMAGE_CFG_VERSION);
686 static int image_version_file(const char *input)
692 fcfg = fopen(input, "r");
694 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open input file %s\n", input);
698 image_cfg = malloc(IMAGE_CFG_ELEMENT_MAX *
699 sizeof(struct image_cfg_element));
701 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot allocate memory\n");
707 IMAGE_CFG_ELEMENT_MAX * sizeof(struct image_cfg_element));
710 ret = image_create_config_parse(fcfg);
717 version = image_get_version();
718 /* Fallback to version 0 is no version is provided in the cfg file */
727 static void kwbimage_set_header(void *ptr, struct stat *sbuf, int ifd,
728 struct image_tool_params *params)
738 fcfg = fopen(params->imagename, "r");
740 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open input file %s\n",
745 image_cfg = malloc(IMAGE_CFG_ELEMENT_MAX *
746 sizeof(struct image_cfg_element));
748 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot allocate memory\n");
754 IMAGE_CFG_ELEMENT_MAX * sizeof(struct image_cfg_element));
757 ret = image_create_config_parse(fcfg);
764 version = image_get_version();
767 * Fallback to version 0 if no version is provided in the
772 image = image_create_v0(&headersz, params, sbuf->st_size);
776 image = image_create_v1(&headersz, params, sbuf->st_size);
780 fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported version %d\n", version);
786 fprintf(stderr, "Could not create image\n");
793 /* Build and add image checksum header */
794 checksum = image_checksum32((uint32_t *)ptr, sbuf->st_size);
795 size = write(ifd, &checksum, sizeof(uint32_t));
796 if (size != sizeof(uint32_t)) {
797 fprintf(stderr, "Error:%s - Checksum write %d bytes %s\n",
798 params->cmdname, size, params->imagefile);
802 sbuf->st_size += sizeof(uint32_t);
804 /* Finally copy the header into the image area */
805 memcpy(ptr, image, headersz);
810 static void kwbimage_print_header(const void *ptr)
812 struct main_hdr_v0 *mhdr = (struct main_hdr_v0 *)ptr;
814 printf("Image Type: MVEBU Boot from %s Image\n",
815 image_boot_mode_name(mhdr->blockid));
816 printf("Image version:%d\n", image_version((void *)ptr));
817 printf("Data Size: ");
818 genimg_print_size(mhdr->blocksize - sizeof(uint32_t));
819 printf("Load Address: %08x\n", mhdr->destaddr);
820 printf("Entry Point: %08x\n", mhdr->execaddr);
823 static int kwbimage_check_image_types(uint8_t type)
825 if (type == IH_TYPE_KWBIMAGE)
831 static int kwbimage_verify_header(unsigned char *ptr, int image_size,
832 struct image_tool_params *params)
834 struct main_hdr_v0 *main_hdr;
835 struct ext_hdr_v0 *ext_hdr;
838 main_hdr = (void *)ptr;
839 checksum = image_checksum8(ptr,
840 sizeof(struct main_hdr_v0)
842 if (checksum != main_hdr->checksum)
843 return -FDT_ERR_BADSTRUCTURE;
845 /* Only version 0 extended header has checksum */
846 if (image_version((void *)ptr) == 0) {
847 ext_hdr = (void *)ptr + sizeof(struct main_hdr_v0);
848 checksum = image_checksum8(ext_hdr,
849 sizeof(struct ext_hdr_v0)
851 if (checksum != ext_hdr->checksum)
852 return -FDT_ERR_BADSTRUCTURE;
858 static int kwbimage_generate(struct image_tool_params *params,
859 struct image_type_params *tparams)
865 version = image_version_file(params->imagename);
867 alloc_len = sizeof(struct main_hdr_v0) +
868 sizeof(struct ext_hdr_v0);
870 alloc_len = image_headersz_v1(params, NULL);
873 hdr = malloc(alloc_len);
875 fprintf(stderr, "%s: malloc return failure: %s\n",
876 params->cmdname, strerror(errno));
880 memset(hdr, 0, alloc_len);
881 tparams->header_size = alloc_len;
888 * Report Error if xflag is set in addition to default
890 static int kwbimage_check_params(struct image_tool_params *params)
892 if (!strlen(params->imagename)) {
893 fprintf(stderr, "Error:%s - Configuration file not specified, "
894 "it is needed for kwbimage generation\n",
899 return (params->dflag && (params->fflag || params->lflag)) ||
900 (params->fflag && (params->dflag || params->lflag)) ||
901 (params->lflag && (params->dflag || params->fflag)) ||
902 (params->xflag) || !(strlen(params->imagename));
906 * kwbimage type parameters definition
910 "Marvell MVEBU Boot Image support",
913 kwbimage_check_params,
914 kwbimage_verify_header,
915 kwbimage_print_header,
918 kwbimage_check_image_types,