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+ <a href="/"><h1 id="title">i3 - improved tiling WM</h1></a>\r
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+ <br style="clear: both">\r
+<div id="content">\r
+<div id="header">\r
+<h1>The multi-monitor situation</h1>\r
+<span id="author">Michael Stapelberg</span><br />\r
+<span id="email"><tt><<a href="mailto:michael@i3wm.org">michael@i3wm.org</a>></tt></span><br />\r
+<span id="revdate">April 2013</span>\r
+<div id="toc">
+ <div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
+ <noscript><p><b>JavaScript must be enabled in your browser to display the table of contents.</b></p></noscript>
+</div>\r
+</div>\r
+<div id="preamble">\r
+<div class="sectionbody">\r
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Please upgrade your nVidia driver to version 302.17 or newer and i3 will just\r
+work. This document is kept around for historic reasons only.</p></div>\r
+</div>\r
+</div>\r
+<div class="sect1">\r
+<h2 id="_the_quick_fix">1. The quick fix</h2>\r
+<div class="sectionbody">\r
+<div class="paragraph"><p>If you are using the nVidia binary graphics driver (also known as <em>blob</em>)\r
+before version 302.17, you need to use the <tt>--force-xinerama</tt> flag (in your\r
+.xsession) when starting i3, like so:</p></div>\r
+<div class="listingblock">\r
+<div class="title">Example:</div>\r
+<div class="content">\r
+<pre><tt>exec i3 --force-xinerama -V >>~/.i3/i3log 2>&1</tt></pre>\r
+</div></div>\r
+<div class="paragraph"><p>…or use <tt>force_xinerama yes</tt> in your configuration file.</p></div>\r
+</div>\r
+</div>\r
+<div class="sect1">\r
+<h2 id="_the_explanation">2. The explanation</h2>\r
+<div class="sectionbody">\r
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Starting with version 3.ε, i3 uses the RandR (Rotate and Resize) API instead\r
+of Xinerama. The reason for this, is that RandR provides more information\r
+about your outputs and connected screens than Xinerama does. To be specific,\r
+the code which handled on-the-fly screen reconfiguration (meaning without\r
+restarting the X server) was a very messy heuristic and most of the time did\r
+not work correctly — that is just not possible with the little information\r
+Xinerama offers (just a list of screen resolutions, no identifiers for the\r
+screens or any additional information). Xinerama simply was not designed\r
+for dynamic configuration.</p></div>\r
+<div class="paragraph"><p>So RandR came along, as a more powerful alternative (RandR 1.2 to be specific).\r
+It offers all of Xinerama’s possibilities and lots more. Using the RandR API\r
+made our code much more robust and clean. Also, you can now reliably assign\r
+workspaces to output names instead of some rather unreliable screen identifier\r
+(position inside the list of screens, which could change, and so on…).</p></div>\r
+<div class="paragraph"><p>As RandR has been around for about three years as of this writing, it seemed\r
+like a very good idea to us, and it still is a very good one. What we did not\r
+expect, however, was the nVidia binary driver. It still does not support RandR\r
+(as of March 2010), even though nVidia has announced that it will support RandR\r
+eventually. What does this mean for you, if you are stuck with the binary\r
+driver for some reason (say the free drivers don’t work with your card)? First\r
+of all, you are stuck with TwinView and cannot use <tt>xrandr</tt>. While this ruins\r
+the user experience, the more grave problem is that the nVidia driver not only\r
+does not support dynamic configuration using RandR, it also does not expose\r
+correct multi-monitor information via the RandR API. So, in some setups, i3\r
+will not find any screens; in others, it will find one large screen which\r
+actually contains both of your physical screens (but it will not know that\r
+these are two screens).</p></div>\r
+<div class="paragraph"><p>For this very reason, we decided to implement the following workaround: As\r
+long as the nVidia driver does not support RandR, an option called\r
+<tt>--force-xinerama</tt> is available in i3 (alternatively, you can use the\r
+<tt>force_xinerama</tt> configuration file directive). This option gets the list of\r
+screens <strong>once</strong> when starting, and never updates it. As the nVidia driver cannot\r
+do dynamic configuration anyways, this is not a big deal.</p></div>\r
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Also note that your output names are not descriptive (like <tt>HDMI1</tt>) when using\r
+Xinerama, instead they are counted up, starting at 0: <tt>xinerama-0</tt>, <tt>xinerama-1</tt>, …</p></div>\r
+</div>\r
+</div>\r
+<div class="sect1">\r
+<h2 id="_see_also">3. See also</h2>\r
+<div class="sectionbody">\r
+<div class="paragraph"><p>For more information on how to use multi-monitor setups, see the i3 User’s\r
+Guide.</p></div>\r
+</div>\r
+</div>\r
+</div>\r
+<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>\r
+<div id="footer" lang="de">\r
+© 2009-2011 Michael Stapelberg, <a href="/impress.html">Impressum</a>\r
+</div>\r
+</body>\r
+</html>\r
projects / i3 / i3.github.io / blobdiff