2 # vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
11 use Scalar::Util qw(tainted);
15 AnyEvent::I3 - communicate with the i3 window manager
19 our $VERSION = '0.18';
27 This module connects to the i3 window manager using the UNIX socket based
28 IPC interface it provides (if enabled in the configuration file). You can
29 then subscribe to events or send messages and receive their replies.
31 use AnyEvent::I3 qw(:all);
35 $i3->connect->recv or die "Error connecting";
36 say "Connected to i3";
38 my $workspaces = $i3->message(TYPE_GET_WORKSPACES)->recv;
39 say "Currently, you use " . @{$workspaces} . " workspaces";
41 ...or, using the sugar methods:
45 my $workspaces = i3->get_workspaces->recv;
46 say "Currently, you use " . @{$workspaces} . " workspaces";
48 A somewhat more involved example which dumps the i3 layout tree whenever there
57 $i3->connect->recv or die "Error connecting to i3";
61 $i3->get_tree->cb(sub {
63 say "tree: " . Dumper($tree);
66 })->recv->{success} or die "Error subscribing to events";
72 =head2 $i3 = i3([ $path ]);
74 Creates a new C<AnyEvent::I3> object and returns it.
76 C<path> is an optional path of the UNIX socket to connect to. It is strongly
77 advised to NOT specify this unless you're absolutely sure you need it.
78 C<AnyEvent::I3> will automatically figure it out by querying the running i3
79 instance on the current DISPLAY which is almost always what you want.
81 =head1 SUBROUTINES/METHODS
85 use Exporter qw(import);
90 use constant TYPE_COMMAND => 0;
91 use constant TYPE_GET_WORKSPACES => 1;
92 use constant TYPE_SUBSCRIBE => 2;
93 use constant TYPE_GET_OUTPUTS => 3;
94 use constant TYPE_GET_TREE => 4;
95 use constant TYPE_GET_MARKS => 5;
96 use constant TYPE_GET_BAR_CONFIG => 6;
97 use constant TYPE_GET_VERSION => 7;
98 use constant TYPE_GET_BINDING_MODES => 8;
99 use constant TYPE_GET_CONFIG => 9;
101 our %EXPORT_TAGS = ( 'all' => [
102 qw(i3 TYPE_COMMAND TYPE_GET_WORKSPACES TYPE_SUBSCRIBE TYPE_GET_OUTPUTS
103 TYPE_GET_TREE TYPE_GET_MARKS TYPE_GET_BAR_CONFIG TYPE_GET_VERSION
104 TYPE_GET_BINDING_MODES TYPE_GET_CONFIG)
107 our @EXPORT_OK = ( @{ $EXPORT_TAGS{all} } );
109 my $magic = "i3-ipc";
111 # TODO: auto-generate this from the header file? (i3/ipc.h)
112 my $event_mask = (1 << 31);
114 workspace => ($event_mask | 0),
115 output => ($event_mask | 1),
116 mode => ($event_mask | 2),
117 window => ($event_mask | 3),
118 barconfig_update => ($event_mask | 4),
119 binding => ($event_mask | 5),
120 shutdown => ($event_mask | 6),
121 _error => 0xFFFFFFFF,
125 AnyEvent::I3->new(@_)
128 # Calls i3, even when running in taint mode.
132 my $path_tainted = tainted($ENV{PATH});
133 # This effectively circumvents taint mode checking for $ENV{PATH}. We
134 # do this because users might specify PATH explicitly to call i3 in a
135 # custom location (think ~/.bin/).
136 (local $ENV{PATH}) = ($ENV{PATH} =~ /(.*)/);
138 # In taint mode, we also need to remove all relative directories from
139 # PATH (like . or ../bin). We only do this in taint mode and warn the
140 # user, since this might break a real-world use case for some people.
142 my @dirs = split /:/, $ENV{PATH};
143 my @filtered = grep !/^\./, @dirs;
144 if (scalar @dirs != scalar @filtered) {
145 $ENV{PATH} = join ':', @filtered;
146 warn qq|Removed relative directories from PATH because you | .
147 qq|are running Perl with taint mode enabled. Remove -T | .
148 qq|to be able to use relative directories in PATH. | .
149 qq|New PATH is "$ENV{PATH}"|;
152 # Otherwise the qx() operator wont work:
153 delete @ENV{'IFS', 'CDPATH', 'ENV', 'BASH_ENV'};
154 chomp(my $result = qx(i3 $args));
155 # Circumventing taint mode again: the socket can be anywhere on the
156 # system and that’s okay.
157 if ($result =~ /^([^\0]+)$/) {
161 warn "Calling i3 $args failed. Is DISPLAY set and is i3 in your PATH?";
165 =head2 $i3 = AnyEvent::I3->new([ $path ])
167 Creates a new C<AnyEvent::I3> object and returns it.
169 C<path> is an optional path of the UNIX socket to connect to. It is strongly
170 advised to NOT specify this unless you're absolutely sure you need it.
171 C<AnyEvent::I3> will automatically figure it out by querying the running i3
172 instance on the current DISPLAY which is almost always what you want.
176 my ($class, $path) = @_;
178 $path = _call_i3('--get-socketpath') unless $path;
180 # This is the old default path (v3.*). This fallback line can be removed in
181 # a year from now. -- Michael, 2012-07-09
182 $path ||= '~/.i3/ipc.sock';
184 # Check if we need to resolve ~
186 # We use getpwuid() instead of $ENV{HOME} because the latter is tainted
187 # and thus produces warnings when running tests with perl -T
188 my $home = (getpwuid($<))[7];
189 die "Could not get home directory" unless $home and -d $home;
190 $path =~ s/~/$home/g;
193 bless { path => $path } => $class;
198 Establishes the connection to i3. Returns an C<AnyEvent::CondVar> which will
199 be triggered with a boolean (true if the connection was established) as soon as
200 the connection has been established.
202 if ($i3->connect->recv) {
203 say "Connected to i3";
209 my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
211 tcp_connect "unix/", $self->{path}, sub {
214 return $cv->send(0) unless $fh;
216 $self->{ipchdl} = AnyEvent::Handle->new(
218 on_read => sub { my ($hdl) = @_; $self->_data_available($hdl) },
220 my ($hdl, $fatal, $msg) = @_;
221 delete $self->{ipchdl};
224 my $cb = $self->{callbacks};
226 # Trigger all one-time callbacks with undef
227 for my $type (keys %{$cb}) {
228 next if ($type & $event_mask) == $event_mask;
233 # Trigger _error callback, if set
234 my $type = $events{_error};
235 return unless defined($cb->{$type});
236 $cb->{$type}->($msg);
246 sub _data_available {
247 my ($self, $hdl) = @_;
250 chunk => length($magic) + 4 + 4,
253 # Unpack message length and read the payload
254 my ($len, $type) = unpack("LL", substr($header, length($magic)));
257 sub { $self->_handle_i3_message($type, $_[1]) }
263 sub _handle_i3_message {
264 my ($self, $type, $payload) = @_;
266 return unless defined($self->{callbacks}->{$type});
268 my $cb = $self->{callbacks}->{$type};
269 $cb->(decode_json $payload);
271 return if ($type & $event_mask) == $event_mask;
273 # If this was a one-time callback, we delete it
274 # (when connection is lost, all one-time callbacks get triggered)
275 delete $self->{callbacks}->{$type};
278 =head2 $i3->subscribe(\%callbacks)
280 Subscribes to the given event types. This function awaits a hashref with the
281 key being the name of the event and the value being a callback.
284 workspace => sub { say "Workspaces changed" }
287 if ($i3->subscribe(\%callbacks)->recv->{success}) {
288 say "Successfully subscribed";
291 The special callback with name C<_error> is called when the connection to i3
292 is killed (because of a crash, exit or restart of i3 most likely). You can
293 use it to print an appropriate message and exit cleanly or to try to reconnect.
298 say "I am sorry. I am so sorry: $msg";
303 $i3->subscribe(\%callbacks)->recv;
307 my ($self, $callbacks) = @_;
309 # Register callbacks for each message type
310 for my $key (keys %{$callbacks}) {
311 my $type = $events{$key};
312 $self->{callbacks}->{$type} = $callbacks->{$key};
315 $self->message(TYPE_SUBSCRIBE, [ keys %{$callbacks} ])
318 =head2 $i3->message($type, $content)
320 Sends a message of the specified C<type> to i3, possibly containing the data
321 structure C<content> (or C<content>, encoded as utf8, if C<content> is a
322 scalar), if specified.
324 my $reply = $i3->message(TYPE_COMMAND, "reload")->recv;
325 if ($reply->{success}) {
326 say "Configuration successfully reloaded";
331 my ($self, $type, $content) = @_;
333 die "No message type specified" unless defined($type);
335 die "No connection to i3" unless defined($self->{ipchdl});
339 if (not ref($content)) {
340 # Convert from Perl’s internal encoding to UTF8 octets
341 $payload = encode_utf8($content);
343 $payload = encode_json $content;
346 my $message = $magic . pack("LL", length($payload), $type) . $payload;
347 $self->{ipchdl}->push_write($message);
349 my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
351 # We don’t preserve the old callback as it makes no sense to
352 # have a callback on message reply types (only on events)
353 $self->{callbacks}->{$type} =
357 undef $self->{callbacks}->{$type};
365 These methods intend to make your scripts as beautiful as possible. All of
366 them automatically establish a connection to i3 blockingly (if it does not
371 sub _ensure_connection {
374 return if defined($self->{ipchdl});
376 $self->connect->recv or die "Unable to connect to i3 (socket path " . $self->{path} . ")";
379 =head2 get_workspaces
381 Gets the current workspaces from i3.
383 my $ws = i3->get_workspaces->recv;
390 $self->_ensure_connection;
392 $self->message(TYPE_GET_WORKSPACES)
397 Gets the current outputs from i3.
399 my $outs = i3->get_outputs->recv;
406 $self->_ensure_connection;
408 $self->message(TYPE_GET_OUTPUTS)
413 Gets the layout tree from i3 (>= v4.0).
415 my $tree = i3->get_tree->recv;
422 $self->_ensure_connection;
424 $self->message(TYPE_GET_TREE)
429 Gets all the window identifier marks from i3 (>= v4.1).
431 my $marks = i3->get_marks->recv;
438 $self->_ensure_connection;
440 $self->message(TYPE_GET_MARKS)
443 =head2 get_bar_config
445 Gets the bar configuration for the specific bar id from i3 (>= v4.1).
447 my $config = i3->get_bar_config($id)->recv;
452 my ($self, $id) = @_;
454 $self->_ensure_connection;
456 $self->message(TYPE_GET_BAR_CONFIG, $id)
461 Gets the i3 version via IPC, with a fall-back that parses the output of i3
462 --version (for i3 < v4.3).
464 my $version = i3->get_version()->recv;
465 say "major: " . $version->{major} . ", minor = " . $version->{minor};
471 $self->_ensure_connection;
473 my $cv = AnyEvent->condvar;
475 my $version_cv = $self->message(TYPE_GET_VERSION);
477 $timeout = AnyEvent->timer(
480 warn "Falling back to i3 --version since the running i3 doesn’t support GET_VERSION yet.";
481 my $version = _call_i3('--version');
482 $version =~ s/^i3 version //;
484 my ($major, $minor) = ($version =~ /^([0-9]+)\.([0-9]+)/);
485 if ($version =~ /^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.([0-9]+)/) {
488 # Strip everything from the © sign on.
489 $version =~ s/ ©.*$//g;
491 major => int($major),
492 minor => int($minor),
493 patch => int($patch),
494 human_readable => $version,
499 $version_cv->cb(sub {
501 $cv->send($version_cv->recv);
509 Gets the raw last read config from i3. Requires i3 >= 4.14
515 $self->_ensure_connection;
517 $self->message(TYPE_GET_CONFIG);
521 =head2 command($content)
523 Makes i3 execute the given command
525 my $reply = i3->command("reload")->recv;
526 die "command failed" unless $reply->{success};
530 my ($self, $content) = @_;
532 $self->_ensure_connection;
534 $self->message(TYPE_COMMAND, $content)
539 Michael Stapelberg, C<< <michael at i3wm.org> >>
543 Please report any bugs or feature requests to C<bug-anyevent-i3 at
544 rt.cpan.org>, or through the web interface at
545 L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=AnyEvent-I3>. I will be
546 notified, and then you'll automatically be notified of progress on your bug as
551 You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command.
555 You can also look for information at:
559 =item * RT: CPAN's request tracker
561 L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=AnyEvent-I3>
563 =item * The i3 window manager website
570 =head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
573 =head1 LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT
575 Copyright 2010-2012 Michael Stapelberg.
577 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
578 under the terms of either: the GNU General Public License as published
579 by the Free Software Foundation; or the Artistic License.
581 See http://dev.perl.org/licenses/ for more information.
586 1; # End of AnyEvent::I3