2 * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
4 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
5 * © 2009-2014 Michael Stapelberg and contributors (see also: LICENSE)
7 * bindings.c: Functions for configuring, finding and, running bindings.
11 #include <xkbcommon/xkbcommon.h>
13 pid_t command_error_nagbar_pid = -1;
16 * The name of the default mode.
19 const char *DEFAULT_BINDING_MODE = "default";
22 * Returns the mode specified by `name` or creates a new mode and adds it to
26 static struct Mode *mode_from_name(const char *name) {
29 /* Try to find the mode in the list of modes and return it */
30 SLIST_FOREACH(mode, &modes, modes) {
31 if (strcmp(mode->name, name) == 0)
35 /* If the mode was not found, create a new one */
36 mode = scalloc(sizeof(struct Mode));
37 mode->name = sstrdup(name);
38 mode->bindings = scalloc(sizeof(struct bindings_head));
39 TAILQ_INIT(mode->bindings);
40 SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&modes, mode, modes);
46 * Adds a binding from config parameters given as strings and returns a
47 * pointer to the binding structure. Returns NULL if the input code could not
51 Binding *configure_binding(const char *bindtype, const char *modifiers, const char *input_code,
52 const char *release, const char *whole_window, const char *command, const char *modename) {
53 Binding *new_binding = scalloc(sizeof(Binding));
54 DLOG("bindtype %s, modifiers %s, input code %s, release %s\n", bindtype, modifiers, input_code, release);
55 new_binding->release = (release != NULL ? B_UPON_KEYRELEASE : B_UPON_KEYPRESS);
56 new_binding->whole_window = (whole_window != NULL);
57 if (strcmp(bindtype, "bindsym") == 0) {
58 new_binding->input_type = (strncasecmp(input_code, "button", (sizeof("button") - 1)) == 0
62 new_binding->symbol = sstrdup(input_code);
64 // TODO: strtol with proper error handling
65 new_binding->keycode = atoi(input_code);
66 new_binding->input_type = B_KEYBOARD;
67 if (new_binding->keycode == 0) {
68 ELOG("Could not parse \"%s\" as an input code, ignoring this binding.\n", input_code);
73 new_binding->mods = modifiers_from_str(modifiers);
74 new_binding->command = sstrdup(command);
76 struct Mode *mode = mode_from_name(modename);
77 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(mode->bindings, new_binding, bindings);
82 static void grab_keycode_for_binding(xcb_connection_t *conn, Binding *bind, uint32_t keycode) {
83 if (bind->input_type != B_KEYBOARD)
86 DLOG("Grabbing %d with modifiers %d (with mod_mask_lock %d)\n", keycode, bind->mods, bind->mods | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK);
87 /* Grab the key in all combinations */
88 #define GRAB_KEY(modifier) \
90 xcb_grab_key(conn, 0, root, modifier, keycode, XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC); \
92 int mods = bind->mods;
93 if ((bind->mods & BIND_MODE_SWITCH) != 0) {
94 mods &= ~BIND_MODE_SWITCH;
96 mods = XCB_MOD_MASK_ANY;
99 GRAB_KEY(mods | xcb_numlock_mask);
100 GRAB_KEY(mods | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK);
101 GRAB_KEY(mods | xcb_numlock_mask | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK);
105 * Grab the bound keys (tell X to send us keypress events for those keycodes)
108 void grab_all_keys(xcb_connection_t *conn, bool bind_mode_switch) {
110 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
111 if (bind->input_type != B_KEYBOARD ||
112 (bind_mode_switch && (bind->mods & BIND_MODE_SWITCH) == 0) ||
113 (!bind_mode_switch && (bind->mods & BIND_MODE_SWITCH) != 0))
116 /* The easy case: the user specified a keycode directly. */
117 if (bind->keycode > 0) {
118 grab_keycode_for_binding(conn, bind, bind->keycode);
122 xcb_keycode_t *walk = bind->translated_to;
123 for (uint32_t i = 0; i < bind->number_keycodes; i++)
124 grab_keycode_for_binding(conn, bind, *walk++);
129 * Returns a pointer to the Binding with the specified modifiers and
130 * keycode or NULL if no such binding exists.
133 static Binding *get_binding(uint16_t modifiers, bool is_release, uint16_t input_code, input_type_t input_type) {
137 /* On a press event, we first reset all B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS
138 * bindings back to B_UPON_KEYRELEASE */
139 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
140 if (bind->input_type != input_type)
142 if (bind->release == B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS)
143 bind->release = B_UPON_KEYRELEASE;
147 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
148 /* First compare the modifiers (unless this is a
149 * B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS binding and this is a KeyRelease
151 if (bind->input_type != input_type)
153 if (bind->mods != modifiers &&
154 (bind->release != B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS ||
158 /* For keyboard bindings where a symbol was specified by the user, we
159 * need to look in the array of translated keycodes for the event’s
161 if (input_type == B_KEYBOARD && bind->symbol != NULL) {
162 if (memmem(bind->translated_to,
163 bind->number_keycodes * sizeof(xcb_keycode_t),
164 &input_code, sizeof(xcb_keycode_t)) == NULL)
167 /* This case is easier: The user specified a keycode */
168 if (bind->keycode != input_code)
172 /* If this binding is a release binding, it matches the key which the
173 * user pressed. We therefore mark it as B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS
174 * for later, so that the user can release the modifiers before the
175 * actual key or button and the release event will still be matched. */
176 if (bind->release == B_UPON_KEYRELEASE && !is_release)
177 bind->release = B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS;
179 /* Check if the binding is for a press or a release event */
180 if ((bind->release == B_UPON_KEYPRESS && is_release) ||
181 (bind->release >= B_UPON_KEYRELEASE && !is_release))
187 return (bind == TAILQ_END(bindings) ? NULL : bind);
191 * Returns a pointer to the Binding that matches the given xcb button or key
192 * event or NULL if no such binding exists.
195 Binding *get_binding_from_xcb_event(xcb_generic_event_t *event) {
196 bool is_release = (event->response_type == XCB_KEY_RELEASE || event->response_type == XCB_BUTTON_RELEASE);
198 input_type_t input_type = ((event->response_type == XCB_BUTTON_RELEASE || event->response_type == XCB_BUTTON_PRESS)
202 uint16_t event_state = ((xcb_key_press_event_t *)event)->state;
203 uint16_t event_detail = ((xcb_key_press_event_t *)event)->detail;
205 /* Remove the numlock bit, all other bits are modifiers we can bind to */
206 uint16_t state_filtered = event_state & ~(xcb_numlock_mask | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK);
207 DLOG("(removed numlock, state = %d)\n", state_filtered);
208 /* Only use the lower 8 bits of the state (modifier masks) so that mouse
209 * button masks are filtered out */
210 state_filtered &= 0xFF;
211 DLOG("(removed upper 8 bits, state = %d)\n", state_filtered);
213 if (xkb_current_group == XkbGroup2Index)
214 state_filtered |= BIND_MODE_SWITCH;
216 DLOG("(checked mode_switch, state %d)\n", state_filtered);
218 /* Find the binding */
219 Binding *bind = get_binding(state_filtered, is_release, event_detail, input_type);
221 /* No match? Then the user has Mode_switch enabled but does not have a
222 * specific keybinding. Fall back to the default keybindings (without
223 * Mode_switch). Makes it much more convenient for users of a hybrid
224 * layout (like ru). */
226 state_filtered &= ~(BIND_MODE_SWITCH);
227 DLOG("no match, new state_filtered = %d\n", state_filtered);
228 if ((bind = get_binding(state_filtered, is_release, event_detail, input_type)) == NULL) {
229 /* This is not a real error since we can have release and
230 * non-release bindings. On a press event for which there is only a
231 * !release-binding, but no release-binding, the corresponding
232 * release event will trigger this. No problem, though. */
233 DLOG("Could not lookup key binding (modifiers %d, keycode %d)\n",
234 state_filtered, event_detail);
242 * Translates keysymbols to keycodes for all bindings which use keysyms.
245 void translate_keysyms(void) {
249 xcb_keycode_t i, min_keycode, max_keycode;
251 min_keycode = xcb_get_setup(conn)->min_keycode;
252 max_keycode = xcb_get_setup(conn)->max_keycode;
254 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
255 if (bind->input_type == B_MOUSE) {
256 int button = atoi(bind->symbol + (sizeof("button") - 1));
257 bind->keycode = button;
260 ELOG("Could not translate string to button: \"%s\"\n", bind->symbol);
265 if (bind->keycode > 0)
268 /* We need to translate the symbol to a keycode */
269 keysym = xkb_keysym_from_name(bind->symbol, XKB_KEYSYM_NO_FLAGS);
270 if (keysym == XKB_KEY_NoSymbol) {
271 ELOG("Could not translate string to key symbol: \"%s\"\n",
276 /* Base column we use for looking up key symbols. We always consider
277 * the base column and the corresponding shift column, so without
278 * mode_switch, we look in 0 and 1, with mode_switch we look in 2 and
280 col = (bind->mods & BIND_MODE_SWITCH ? 2 : 0);
282 FREE(bind->translated_to);
283 bind->number_keycodes = 0;
285 for (i = min_keycode; i && i <= max_keycode; i++) {
286 if ((xcb_key_symbols_get_keysym(keysyms, i, col) != keysym) &&
287 (xcb_key_symbols_get_keysym(keysyms, i, col + 1) != keysym))
289 bind->number_keycodes++;
290 bind->translated_to = srealloc(bind->translated_to,
291 (sizeof(xcb_keycode_t) *
292 bind->number_keycodes));
293 bind->translated_to[bind->number_keycodes - 1] = i;
296 DLOG("Translated symbol \"%s\" to %d keycode\n", bind->symbol,
297 bind->number_keycodes);
302 * Switches the key bindings to the given mode, if the mode exists
305 void switch_mode(const char *new_mode) {
308 DLOG("Switching to mode %s\n", new_mode);
310 SLIST_FOREACH(mode, &modes, modes) {
311 if (strcasecmp(mode->name, new_mode) != 0)
314 ungrab_all_keys(conn);
315 bindings = mode->bindings;
317 grab_all_keys(conn, false);
320 sasprintf(&event_msg, "{\"change\":\"%s\"}", mode->name);
322 ipc_send_event("mode", I3_IPC_EVENT_MODE, event_msg);
328 ELOG("ERROR: Mode not found\n");
332 * Checks for duplicate key bindings (the same keycode or keysym is configured
333 * more than once). If a duplicate binding is found, a message is printed to
334 * stderr and the has_errors variable is set to true, which will start
338 void check_for_duplicate_bindings(struct context *context) {
339 Binding *bind, *current;
340 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, bindings, bindings) {
341 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
342 /* Abort when we reach the current keybinding, only check the
347 /* Check if the input types are different */
348 if (bind->input_type != current->input_type)
351 /* Check if one is using keysym while the other is using bindsym.
353 /* XXX: It should be checked at a later place (when translating the
354 * keysym to keycodes) if there are any duplicates */
355 if ((bind->symbol == NULL && current->symbol != NULL) ||
356 (bind->symbol != NULL && current->symbol == NULL))
359 /* If bind is NULL, current has to be NULL, too (see above).
360 * If the keycodes differ, it can't be a duplicate. */
361 if (bind->symbol != NULL &&
362 strcasecmp(bind->symbol, current->symbol) != 0)
365 /* Check if the keycodes or modifiers are different. If so, they
366 * can't be duplicate */
367 if (bind->keycode != current->keycode ||
368 bind->mods != current->mods ||
369 bind->release != current->release)
372 context->has_errors = true;
373 if (current->keycode != 0) {
374 ELOG("Duplicate keybinding in config file:\n modmask %d with keycode %d, command \"%s\"\n",
375 current->mods, current->keycode, current->command);
377 ELOG("Duplicate keybinding in config file:\n modmask %d with keysym %s, command \"%s\"\n",
378 current->mods, current->symbol, current->command);
385 * Creates a dynamically allocated copy of bind.
387 static Binding *binding_copy(Binding *bind) {
388 Binding *ret = smalloc(sizeof(Binding));
390 if (bind->symbol != NULL)
391 ret->symbol = strdup(bind->symbol);
392 if (bind->command != NULL)
393 ret->command = strdup(bind->command);
394 if (bind->translated_to != NULL) {
395 ret->translated_to = smalloc(sizeof(xcb_keycode_t) * bind->number_keycodes);
396 memcpy(ret->translated_to, bind->translated_to, sizeof(xcb_keycode_t) * bind->number_keycodes);
402 * Frees the binding. If bind is null, it simply returns.
404 void binding_free(Binding *bind) {
410 FREE(bind->translated_to);
416 * Runs the given binding and handles parse errors. If con is passed, it will
417 * execute the command binding with that container selected by criteria.
418 * Returns a CommandResult for running the binding's command. Caller should
419 * render tree if needs_tree_render is true. Free with command_result_free().
422 CommandResult *run_binding(Binding *bind, Con *con) {
425 /* We need to copy the binding and command since “reload” may be part of
426 * the command, and then the memory that bind points to may not contain the
427 * same data anymore. */
429 command = sstrdup(bind->command);
431 sasprintf(&command, "[con_id=\"%d\"] %s", con, bind->command);
433 Binding *bind_cp = binding_copy(bind);
434 CommandResult *result = parse_command(command, NULL);
437 if (result->needs_tree_render)
440 if (result->parse_error) {
442 sasprintf(&pageraction, "i3-sensible-pager \"%s\"\n", errorfilename);
444 NULL, /* will be replaced by the executable path */
450 "The configured command for this shortcut could not be run successfully.",
455 start_nagbar(&command_error_nagbar_pid, argv);
459 ipc_send_binding_event("run", bind_cp);
460 binding_free(bind_cp);