2 * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
4 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
5 * © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors (see also: LICENSE)
7 * bindings.c: Functions for configuring, finding and, running bindings.
11 #include <xkbcommon/xkbcommon.h>
12 #include <xkbcommon/xkbcommon-x11.h>
14 static struct xkb_context *xkb_context;
15 static struct xkb_keymap *xkb_keymap;
17 pid_t command_error_nagbar_pid = -1;
20 * The name of the default mode.
23 const char *DEFAULT_BINDING_MODE = "default";
26 * Returns the mode specified by `name` or creates a new mode and adds it to
30 static struct Mode *mode_from_name(const char *name, bool pango_markup) {
33 /* Try to find the mode in the list of modes and return it */
34 SLIST_FOREACH(mode, &modes, modes) {
35 if (strcmp(mode->name, name) == 0) {
40 /* If the mode was not found, create a new one */
41 mode = scalloc(1, sizeof(struct Mode));
42 mode->name = sstrdup(name);
43 mode->pango_markup = pango_markup;
44 mode->bindings = scalloc(1, sizeof(struct bindings_head));
45 TAILQ_INIT(mode->bindings);
46 SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&modes, mode, modes);
52 * Adds a binding from config parameters given as strings and returns a
53 * pointer to the binding structure. Returns NULL if the input code could not
57 Binding *configure_binding(const char *bindtype, const char *modifiers, const char *input_code,
58 const char *release, const char *border, const char *whole_window,
59 const char *exclude_titlebar, const char *command, const char *modename,
61 Binding *new_binding = scalloc(1, sizeof(Binding));
62 DLOG("Binding %p bindtype %s, modifiers %s, input code %s, release %s\n", new_binding, bindtype, modifiers, input_code, release);
63 new_binding->release = (release != NULL ? B_UPON_KEYRELEASE : B_UPON_KEYPRESS);
64 new_binding->border = (border != NULL);
65 new_binding->whole_window = (whole_window != NULL);
66 new_binding->exclude_titlebar = (exclude_titlebar != NULL);
67 if (strcmp(bindtype, "bindsym") == 0) {
68 new_binding->input_type = (strncasecmp(input_code, "button", (sizeof("button") - 1)) == 0
72 new_binding->symbol = sstrdup(input_code);
75 if (!parse_long(input_code, &keycode, 10)) {
76 ELOG("Could not parse \"%s\" as an input code, ignoring this binding.\n", input_code);
81 new_binding->keycode = keycode;
82 new_binding->input_type = B_KEYBOARD;
84 new_binding->command = sstrdup(command);
85 new_binding->event_state_mask = event_state_from_str(modifiers);
86 int group_bits_set = 0;
87 if ((new_binding->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_1)
89 if ((new_binding->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_2)
91 if ((new_binding->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_3)
93 if ((new_binding->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_4)
95 if (group_bits_set > 1)
96 ELOG("Keybinding has more than one Group specified, but your X server is always in precisely one group. The keybinding can never trigger.\n");
98 struct Mode *mode = mode_from_name(modename, pango_markup);
99 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(mode->bindings, new_binding, bindings);
101 TAILQ_INIT(&(new_binding->keycodes_head));
106 static bool binding_in_current_group(const Binding *bind) {
107 /* If no bits are set, the binding should be installed in every group. */
108 if ((bind->event_state_mask >> 16) == I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_ANY)
110 switch (xkb_current_group) {
111 case XCB_XKB_GROUP_1:
112 return ((bind->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_1);
113 case XCB_XKB_GROUP_2:
114 return ((bind->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_2);
115 case XCB_XKB_GROUP_3:
116 return ((bind->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_3);
117 case XCB_XKB_GROUP_4:
118 return ((bind->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_4);
120 ELOG("BUG: xkb_current_group (= %d) outside of [XCB_XKB_GROUP_1..XCB_XKB_GROUP_4]\n", xkb_current_group);
125 static void grab_keycode_for_binding(xcb_connection_t *conn, Binding *bind, uint32_t keycode) {
126 /* Grab the key in all combinations */
127 #define GRAB_KEY(modifier) \
129 xcb_grab_key(conn, 0, root, modifier, keycode, XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC); \
131 const int mods = (bind->event_state_mask & 0xFFFF);
132 DLOG("Binding %p Grabbing keycode %d with event state mask 0x%x (mods 0x%x)\n",
133 bind, keycode, bind->event_state_mask, mods);
135 /* Also bind the key with active NumLock */
136 GRAB_KEY(mods | xcb_numlock_mask);
137 /* Also bind the key with active CapsLock */
138 GRAB_KEY(mods | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK);
139 /* Also bind the key with active NumLock+CapsLock */
140 GRAB_KEY(mods | xcb_numlock_mask | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK);
144 * Grab the bound keys (tell X to send us keypress events for those keycodes)
147 void grab_all_keys(xcb_connection_t *conn) {
149 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
150 if (bind->input_type != B_KEYBOARD)
153 if (!binding_in_current_group(bind))
156 /* The easy case: the user specified a keycode directly. */
157 if (bind->keycode > 0) {
158 grab_keycode_for_binding(conn, bind, bind->keycode);
162 struct Binding_Keycode *binding_keycode;
163 TAILQ_FOREACH(binding_keycode, &(bind->keycodes_head), keycodes) {
164 const int keycode = binding_keycode->keycode;
165 const int mods = (binding_keycode->modifiers & 0xFFFF);
166 DLOG("Binding %p Grabbing keycode %d with mods %d\n", bind, keycode, mods);
167 xcb_grab_key(conn, 0, root, mods, keycode, XCB_GRAB_MODE_SYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC);
173 * Release the button grabs on all managed windows and regrab them,
174 * reevaluating which buttons need to be grabbed.
177 void regrab_all_buttons(xcb_connection_t *conn) {
178 int *buttons = bindings_get_buttons_to_grab();
179 xcb_grab_server(conn);
182 TAILQ_FOREACH(con, &all_cons, all_cons) {
183 if (con->window == NULL)
186 xcb_ungrab_button(conn, XCB_BUTTON_INDEX_ANY, con->window->id, XCB_BUTTON_MASK_ANY);
187 xcb_grab_buttons(conn, con->window->id, buttons);
191 xcb_ungrab_server(conn);
195 * Returns a pointer to the Binding with the specified modifiers and
196 * keycode or NULL if no such binding exists.
199 static Binding *get_binding(i3_event_state_mask_t state_filtered, bool is_release, uint16_t input_code, input_type_t input_type) {
203 /* On a press event, we first reset all B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS
204 * bindings back to B_UPON_KEYRELEASE */
205 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
206 if (bind->input_type != input_type)
208 if (bind->release == B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS)
209 bind->release = B_UPON_KEYRELEASE;
213 const uint32_t xkb_group_state = (state_filtered & 0xFFFF0000);
214 const uint32_t modifiers_state = (state_filtered & 0x0000FFFF);
215 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
216 if (bind->input_type != input_type) {
220 const uint32_t xkb_group_mask = (bind->event_state_mask & 0xFFFF0000);
221 const bool groups_match = ((xkb_group_state & xkb_group_mask) == xkb_group_mask);
223 DLOG("skipping binding %p because XKB groups do not match\n", bind);
227 /* For keyboard bindings where a symbol was specified by the user, we
228 * need to look in the array of translated keycodes for the event’s
230 if (input_type == B_KEYBOARD && bind->symbol != NULL) {
231 xcb_keycode_t input_keycode = (xcb_keycode_t)input_code;
232 bool found_keycode = false;
233 struct Binding_Keycode *binding_keycode;
234 TAILQ_FOREACH(binding_keycode, &(bind->keycodes_head), keycodes) {
235 const uint32_t modifiers_mask = (binding_keycode->modifiers & 0x0000FFFF);
236 const bool mods_match = (modifiers_mask == modifiers_state);
237 DLOG("binding_keycode->modifiers = %d, modifiers_mask = %d, modifiers_state = %d, mods_match = %s\n",
238 binding_keycode->modifiers, modifiers_mask, modifiers_state, (mods_match ? "yes" : "no"));
239 if (binding_keycode->keycode == input_keycode && mods_match) {
240 found_keycode = true;
244 if (!found_keycode) {
248 /* This case is easier: The user specified a keycode */
249 if (bind->keycode != input_code) {
253 bool found_keycode = false;
254 struct Binding_Keycode *binding_keycode;
255 TAILQ_FOREACH(binding_keycode, &(bind->keycodes_head), keycodes) {
256 const uint32_t modifiers_mask = (binding_keycode->modifiers & 0x0000FFFF);
257 const bool mods_match = (modifiers_mask == modifiers_state);
258 DLOG("binding_keycode->modifiers = %d, modifiers_mask = %d, modifiers_state = %d, mods_match = %s\n",
259 binding_keycode->modifiers, modifiers_mask, modifiers_state, (mods_match ? "yes" : "no"));
260 if (mods_match || (bind->release == B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS && is_release)) {
261 found_keycode = true;
265 if (!found_keycode) {
270 /* If this binding is a release binding, it matches the key which the
271 * user pressed. We therefore mark it as B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS
272 * for later, so that the user can release the modifiers before the
273 * actual key or button and the release event will still be matched. */
274 if (bind->release == B_UPON_KEYRELEASE && !is_release) {
275 bind->release = B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS;
276 DLOG("marked bind %p as B_UPON_KEYRELEASE_IGNORE_MODS\n", bind);
277 /* The correct binding has been found, so abort the search, but
278 * also don’t return this binding, since it should not be executed
279 * yet (only when the keys are released). */
280 bind = TAILQ_END(bindings);
284 /* Check if the binding is for a press or a release event */
285 if ((bind->release == B_UPON_KEYPRESS && is_release) ||
286 (bind->release >= B_UPON_KEYRELEASE && !is_release)) {
293 return (bind == TAILQ_END(bindings) ? NULL : bind);
297 * Returns a pointer to the Binding that matches the given xcb button or key
298 * event or NULL if no such binding exists.
301 Binding *get_binding_from_xcb_event(xcb_generic_event_t *event) {
302 const bool is_release = (event->response_type == XCB_KEY_RELEASE ||
303 event->response_type == XCB_BUTTON_RELEASE);
305 const input_type_t input_type = ((event->response_type == XCB_BUTTON_RELEASE ||
306 event->response_type == XCB_BUTTON_PRESS)
310 const uint16_t event_state = ((xcb_key_press_event_t *)event)->state;
311 const uint16_t event_detail = ((xcb_key_press_event_t *)event)->detail;
313 /* Remove the CapsLock bit */
314 i3_event_state_mask_t state_filtered = event_state & ~XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK;
315 DLOG("(removed capslock, state = 0x%x)\n", state_filtered);
316 /* Transform the keyboard_group from bit 13 and bit 14 into an
317 * i3_xkb_group_mask_t, so that get_binding() can just bitwise AND the
318 * configured bindings against |state_filtered|.
320 * These bits are only set because we set the XKB client flags
321 * XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_GRABS_USE_XKB_STATE and
322 * XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_LOOKUP_STATE_WHEN_GRABBED. See also doc/kbproto
324 * http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/kbproto/xkbproto.html#Computing_A_State_Field_from_an_XKB_State */
325 switch ((event_state & 0x6000) >> 13) {
326 case XCB_XKB_GROUP_1:
327 state_filtered |= (I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_1 << 16);
329 case XCB_XKB_GROUP_2:
330 state_filtered |= (I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_2 << 16);
332 case XCB_XKB_GROUP_3:
333 state_filtered |= (I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_3 << 16);
335 case XCB_XKB_GROUP_4:
336 state_filtered |= (I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_4 << 16);
339 state_filtered &= ~0x6000;
340 DLOG("(transformed keyboard group, state = 0x%x)\n", state_filtered);
341 return get_binding(state_filtered, is_release, event_detail, input_type);
345 /* The binding which we are resolving. */
348 /* |bind|’s keysym (translated to xkb_keysym_t), e.g. XKB_KEY_R. */
351 /* The xkb state built from the user-provided modifiers and group. */
352 struct xkb_state *xkb_state;
354 /* Like |xkb_state|, just without the shift modifier, if shift was specified. */
355 struct xkb_state *xkb_state_no_shift;
357 /* Like |xkb_state|, but with NumLock. */
358 struct xkb_state *xkb_state_numlock;
360 /* Like |xkb_state|, but with NumLock, just without the shift modifier, if shift was specified. */
361 struct xkb_state *xkb_state_numlock_no_shift;
365 * add_keycode_if_matches is called for each keycode in the keymap and will add
366 * the keycode to |data->bind| if the keycode can result in the keysym
370 static void add_keycode_if_matches(struct xkb_keymap *keymap, xkb_keycode_t key, void *data) {
371 const struct resolve *resolving = data;
372 struct xkb_state *numlock_state = resolving->xkb_state_numlock;
373 xkb_keysym_t sym = xkb_state_key_get_one_sym(resolving->xkb_state, key);
374 if (sym != resolving->keysym) {
375 /* Check if Shift was specified, and try resolving the symbol without
376 * shift, so that “bindsym $mod+Shift+a nop” actually works. */
377 const xkb_layout_index_t layout = xkb_state_key_get_layout(resolving->xkb_state, key);
378 if (layout == XKB_LAYOUT_INVALID)
380 if (xkb_state_key_get_level(resolving->xkb_state, key, layout) > 1)
382 /* Skip the Shift fallback for keypad keys, otherwise one cannot bind
383 * KP_1 independent of KP_End. */
384 if (sym >= XKB_KEY_KP_Space && sym <= XKB_KEY_KP_Equal)
386 numlock_state = resolving->xkb_state_numlock_no_shift;
387 sym = xkb_state_key_get_one_sym(resolving->xkb_state_no_shift, key);
388 if (sym != resolving->keysym)
391 Binding *bind = resolving->bind;
393 #define ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(mods) \
395 struct Binding_Keycode *binding_keycode = smalloc(sizeof(struct Binding_Keycode)); \
396 binding_keycode->modifiers = (mods); \
397 binding_keycode->keycode = key; \
398 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(bind->keycodes_head), binding_keycode, keycodes); \
401 ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(bind->event_state_mask);
403 /* Also bind the key with active CapsLock */
404 ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(bind->event_state_mask | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK);
406 /* If this binding is not explicitly for NumLock, check whether we need to
408 if ((bind->event_state_mask & xcb_numlock_mask) != xcb_numlock_mask) {
409 /* Check whether the keycode results in the same keysym when NumLock is
410 * active. If so, grab the key with NumLock as well, so that users don’t
411 * need to duplicate every key binding with an additional Mod2 specified.
413 xkb_keysym_t sym_numlock = xkb_state_key_get_one_sym(numlock_state, key);
414 if (sym_numlock == resolving->keysym) {
415 /* Also bind the key with active NumLock */
416 ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(bind->event_state_mask | xcb_numlock_mask);
418 /* Also bind the key with active NumLock+CapsLock */
419 ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(bind->event_state_mask | xcb_numlock_mask | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK);
421 DLOG("Skipping automatic numlock fallback, key %d resolves to 0x%x with numlock\n",
426 #undef ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY
430 * Translates keysymbols to keycodes for all bindings which use keysyms.
433 void translate_keysyms(void) {
434 struct xkb_state *dummy_state = xkb_state_new(xkb_keymap);
435 if (dummy_state == NULL) {
436 ELOG("Could not create XKB state, cannot translate keysyms.\n");
440 struct xkb_state *dummy_state_no_shift = xkb_state_new(xkb_keymap);
441 if (dummy_state_no_shift == NULL) {
442 ELOG("Could not create XKB state, cannot translate keysyms.\n");
446 struct xkb_state *dummy_state_numlock = xkb_state_new(xkb_keymap);
447 if (dummy_state_numlock == NULL) {
448 ELOG("Could not create XKB state, cannot translate keysyms.\n");
452 struct xkb_state *dummy_state_numlock_no_shift = xkb_state_new(xkb_keymap);
453 if (dummy_state_numlock_no_shift == NULL) {
454 ELOG("Could not create XKB state, cannot translate keysyms.\n");
458 bool has_errors = false;
460 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
461 #define ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(code, mods) \
463 struct Binding_Keycode *binding_keycode = smalloc(sizeof(struct Binding_Keycode)); \
464 binding_keycode->modifiers = (mods); \
465 binding_keycode->keycode = (code); \
466 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(bind->keycodes_head), binding_keycode, keycodes); \
469 if (bind->input_type == B_MOUSE) {
471 if (!parse_long(bind->symbol + (sizeof("button") - 1), &button, 10)) {
472 ELOG("Could not translate string to button: \"%s\"\n", bind->symbol);
475 xcb_keycode_t key = button;
477 ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(key, bind->event_state_mask);
481 xkb_layout_index_t group = XCB_XKB_GROUP_1;
482 if ((bind->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_2)
483 group = XCB_XKB_GROUP_2;
484 else if ((bind->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_3)
485 group = XCB_XKB_GROUP_3;
486 else if ((bind->event_state_mask >> 16) & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_4)
487 group = XCB_XKB_GROUP_4;
489 DLOG("Binding %p group = %d, event_state_mask = %d, &2 = %s, &3 = %s, &4 = %s\n",
492 bind->event_state_mask,
493 (bind->event_state_mask & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_2) ? "yes" : "no",
494 (bind->event_state_mask & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_3) ? "yes" : "no",
495 (bind->event_state_mask & I3_XKB_GROUP_MASK_4) ? "yes" : "no");
496 (void)xkb_state_update_mask(
498 (bind->event_state_mask & 0x1FFF) /* xkb_mod_mask_t base_mods, */,
499 0 /* xkb_mod_mask_t latched_mods, */,
500 0 /* xkb_mod_mask_t locked_mods, */,
501 0 /* xkb_layout_index_t base_group, */,
502 0 /* xkb_layout_index_t latched_group, */,
503 group /* xkb_layout_index_t locked_group, */);
505 (void)xkb_state_update_mask(
506 dummy_state_no_shift,
507 (bind->event_state_mask & 0x1FFF) ^ XCB_KEY_BUT_MASK_SHIFT /* xkb_mod_mask_t base_mods, */,
508 0 /* xkb_mod_mask_t latched_mods, */,
509 0 /* xkb_mod_mask_t locked_mods, */,
510 0 /* xkb_layout_index_t base_group, */,
511 0 /* xkb_layout_index_t latched_group, */,
512 group /* xkb_layout_index_t locked_group, */);
514 (void)xkb_state_update_mask(
516 (bind->event_state_mask & 0x1FFF) | xcb_numlock_mask /* xkb_mod_mask_t base_mods, */,
517 0 /* xkb_mod_mask_t latched_mods, */,
518 0 /* xkb_mod_mask_t locked_mods, */,
519 0 /* xkb_layout_index_t base_group, */,
520 0 /* xkb_layout_index_t latched_group, */,
521 group /* xkb_layout_index_t locked_group, */);
523 (void)xkb_state_update_mask(
524 dummy_state_numlock_no_shift,
525 ((bind->event_state_mask & 0x1FFF) | xcb_numlock_mask) ^ XCB_KEY_BUT_MASK_SHIFT /* xkb_mod_mask_t base_mods, */,
526 0 /* xkb_mod_mask_t latched_mods, */,
527 0 /* xkb_mod_mask_t locked_mods, */,
528 0 /* xkb_layout_index_t base_group, */,
529 0 /* xkb_layout_index_t latched_group, */,
530 group /* xkb_layout_index_t locked_group, */);
532 if (bind->keycode > 0) {
533 /* We need to specify modifiers for the keycode binding (numlock
535 while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(bind->keycodes_head))) {
536 struct Binding_Keycode *first = TAILQ_FIRST(&(bind->keycodes_head));
537 TAILQ_REMOVE(&(bind->keycodes_head), first, keycodes);
541 ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(bind->keycode, bind->event_state_mask);
543 /* Also bind the key with active CapsLock */
544 ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(bind->keycode, bind->event_state_mask | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK);
546 /* If this binding is not explicitly for NumLock, check whether we need to
548 if ((bind->event_state_mask & xcb_numlock_mask) != xcb_numlock_mask) {
549 /* Check whether the keycode results in the same keysym when NumLock is
550 * active. If so, grab the key with NumLock as well, so that users don’t
551 * need to duplicate every key binding with an additional Mod2 specified.
553 xkb_keysym_t sym = xkb_state_key_get_one_sym(dummy_state, bind->keycode);
554 xkb_keysym_t sym_numlock = xkb_state_key_get_one_sym(dummy_state_numlock, bind->keycode);
555 if (sym == sym_numlock) {
556 /* Also bind the key with active NumLock */
557 ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(bind->keycode, bind->event_state_mask | xcb_numlock_mask);
559 /* Also bind the key with active NumLock+CapsLock */
560 ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY(bind->keycode, bind->event_state_mask | xcb_numlock_mask | XCB_MOD_MASK_LOCK);
562 DLOG("Skipping automatic numlock fallback, key %d resolves to 0x%x with numlock\n",
563 bind->keycode, sym_numlock);
570 /* We need to translate the symbol to a keycode */
571 const xkb_keysym_t keysym = xkb_keysym_from_name(bind->symbol, XKB_KEYSYM_NO_FLAGS);
572 if (keysym == XKB_KEY_NoSymbol) {
573 ELOG("Could not translate string to key symbol: \"%s\"\n",
578 struct resolve resolving = {
581 .xkb_state = dummy_state,
582 .xkb_state_no_shift = dummy_state_no_shift,
583 .xkb_state_numlock = dummy_state_numlock,
584 .xkb_state_numlock_no_shift = dummy_state_numlock_no_shift,
586 while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(bind->keycodes_head))) {
587 struct Binding_Keycode *first = TAILQ_FIRST(&(bind->keycodes_head));
588 TAILQ_REMOVE(&(bind->keycodes_head), first, keycodes);
591 xkb_keymap_key_for_each(xkb_keymap, add_keycode_if_matches, &resolving);
592 char *keycodes = sstrdup("");
593 int num_keycodes = 0;
594 struct Binding_Keycode *binding_keycode;
595 TAILQ_FOREACH(binding_keycode, &(bind->keycodes_head), keycodes) {
597 sasprintf(&tmp, "%s %d", keycodes, binding_keycode->keycode);
602 /* check for duplicate bindings */
604 TAILQ_FOREACH(check, bindings, bindings) {
607 if (check->symbol != NULL)
609 if (check->keycode != binding_keycode->keycode ||
610 check->event_state_mask != binding_keycode->modifiers ||
611 check->release != bind->release)
614 ELOG("Duplicate keybinding in config file:\n keysym = %s, keycode = %d, state_mask = 0x%x\n", bind->symbol, check->keycode, bind->event_state_mask);
617 DLOG("state=0x%x, cfg=\"%s\", sym=0x%x → keycodes%s (%d)\n",
618 bind->event_state_mask, bind->symbol, keysym, keycodes, num_keycodes);
621 #undef ADD_TRANSLATED_KEY
624 xkb_state_unref(dummy_state);
625 xkb_state_unref(dummy_state_no_shift);
626 xkb_state_unref(dummy_state_numlock);
627 xkb_state_unref(dummy_state_numlock_no_shift);
630 start_config_error_nagbar(current_configpath, true);
635 * Switches the key bindings to the given mode, if the mode exists
638 void switch_mode(const char *new_mode) {
641 DLOG("Switching to mode %s\n", new_mode);
643 SLIST_FOREACH(mode, &modes, modes) {
644 if (strcasecmp(mode->name, new_mode) != 0)
647 ungrab_all_keys(conn);
648 bindings = mode->bindings;
653 sasprintf(&event_msg, "{\"change\":\"%s\", \"pango_markup\":%s}",
654 mode->name, (mode->pango_markup ? "true" : "false"));
656 ipc_send_event("mode", I3_IPC_EVENT_MODE, event_msg);
662 ELOG("ERROR: Mode not found\n");
665 static int reorder_binding_cmp(const void *a, const void *b) {
666 Binding *first = *((Binding **)a);
667 Binding *second = *((Binding **)b);
668 if (first->event_state_mask < second->event_state_mask) {
670 } else if (first->event_state_mask == second->event_state_mask) {
677 static void reorder_bindings_of_mode(struct Mode *mode) {
678 /* Copy the bindings into an array, so that we can use qsort(3). */
681 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, mode->bindings, bindings) {
684 Binding **tmp = scalloc(n, sizeof(Binding *));
686 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, mode->bindings, bindings) {
690 qsort(tmp, n, sizeof(Binding *), reorder_binding_cmp);
692 struct bindings_head *reordered = scalloc(1, sizeof(struct bindings_head));
693 TAILQ_INIT(reordered);
694 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
696 TAILQ_REMOVE(mode->bindings, current, bindings);
697 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(reordered, current, bindings);
700 assert(TAILQ_EMPTY(mode->bindings));
701 /* Free the old bindings_head, which is now empty. */
702 free(mode->bindings);
703 mode->bindings = reordered;
707 * Reorders bindings by event_state_mask descendingly so that get_binding()
708 * correctly matches more specific bindings before more generic bindings. Take
709 * the following binding configuration as an example:
711 * bindsym n nop lower-case n pressed
712 * bindsym Shift+n nop upper-case n pressed
714 * Without reordering, the first binding’s event_state_mask of 0x0 would match
715 * the actual event_stat_mask of 0x1 and hence trigger instead of the second
719 void reorder_bindings(void) {
721 SLIST_FOREACH(mode, &modes, modes) {
722 const bool current_mode = (mode->bindings == bindings);
723 reorder_bindings_of_mode(mode);
725 bindings = mode->bindings;
730 * Checks for duplicate key bindings (the same keycode or keysym is configured
731 * more than once). If a duplicate binding is found, a message is printed to
732 * stderr and the has_errors variable is set to true, which will start
736 void check_for_duplicate_bindings(struct context *context) {
737 Binding *bind, *current;
738 TAILQ_FOREACH(current, bindings, bindings) {
739 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
740 /* Abort when we reach the current keybinding, only check the
745 /* Check if the input types are different */
746 if (bind->input_type != current->input_type)
749 /* Check if one is using keysym while the other is using bindsym.
751 if ((bind->symbol == NULL && current->symbol != NULL) ||
752 (bind->symbol != NULL && current->symbol == NULL))
755 /* If bind is NULL, current has to be NULL, too (see above).
756 * If the keycodes differ, it can't be a duplicate. */
757 if (bind->symbol != NULL &&
758 strcasecmp(bind->symbol, current->symbol) != 0)
761 /* Check if the keycodes or modifiers are different. If so, they
762 * can't be duplicate */
763 if (bind->keycode != current->keycode ||
764 bind->event_state_mask != current->event_state_mask ||
765 bind->release != current->release)
768 context->has_errors = true;
769 if (current->keycode != 0) {
770 ELOG("Duplicate keybinding in config file:\n state mask 0x%x with keycode %d, command \"%s\"\n",
771 current->event_state_mask, current->keycode, current->command);
773 ELOG("Duplicate keybinding in config file:\n state mask 0x%x with keysym %s, command \"%s\"\n",
774 current->event_state_mask, current->symbol, current->command);
781 * Creates a dynamically allocated copy of bind.
783 static Binding *binding_copy(Binding *bind) {
784 Binding *ret = smalloc(sizeof(Binding));
786 if (bind->symbol != NULL)
787 ret->symbol = sstrdup(bind->symbol);
788 if (bind->command != NULL)
789 ret->command = sstrdup(bind->command);
790 TAILQ_INIT(&(ret->keycodes_head));
791 struct Binding_Keycode *binding_keycode;
792 TAILQ_FOREACH(binding_keycode, &(bind->keycodes_head), keycodes) {
793 struct Binding_Keycode *ret_binding_keycode = smalloc(sizeof(struct Binding_Keycode));
794 *ret_binding_keycode = *binding_keycode;
795 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&(ret->keycodes_head), ret_binding_keycode, keycodes);
802 * Frees the binding. If bind is null, it simply returns.
804 void binding_free(Binding *bind) {
809 while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(bind->keycodes_head))) {
810 struct Binding_Keycode *first = TAILQ_FIRST(&(bind->keycodes_head));
811 TAILQ_REMOVE(&(bind->keycodes_head), first, keycodes);
821 * Runs the given binding and handles parse errors. If con is passed, it will
822 * execute the command binding with that container selected by criteria.
823 * Returns a CommandResult for running the binding's command. Free with
824 * command_result_free().
827 CommandResult *run_binding(Binding *bind, Con *con) {
830 /* We need to copy the binding and command since “reload” may be part of
831 * the command, and then the memory that bind points to may not contain the
832 * same data anymore. */
834 command = sstrdup(bind->command);
836 sasprintf(&command, "[con_id=\"%p\"] %s", con, bind->command);
838 Binding *bind_cp = binding_copy(bind);
839 CommandResult *result = parse_command(command, NULL);
842 if (result->needs_tree_render)
845 if (result->parse_error) {
847 sasprintf(&pageraction, "i3-sensible-pager \"%s\"\n", errorfilename);
849 NULL, /* will be replaced by the executable path */
855 "The configured command for this shortcut could not be run successfully.",
860 start_nagbar(&command_error_nagbar_pid, argv);
864 ipc_send_binding_event("run", bind_cp);
865 binding_free(bind_cp);
870 static int fill_rmlvo_from_root(struct xkb_rule_names *xkb_names) {
871 xcb_intern_atom_reply_t *atom_reply;
872 size_t content_max_words = 256;
874 xcb_window_t root = root_screen->root;
876 atom_reply = xcb_intern_atom_reply(
877 conn, xcb_intern_atom(conn, 0, strlen("_XKB_RULES_NAMES"), "_XKB_RULES_NAMES"), NULL);
878 if (atom_reply == NULL)
881 xcb_get_property_cookie_t prop_cookie;
882 xcb_get_property_reply_t *prop_reply;
883 prop_cookie = xcb_get_property_unchecked(conn, false, root, atom_reply->atom,
884 XCB_GET_PROPERTY_TYPE_ANY, 0, content_max_words);
885 prop_reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, prop_cookie, NULL);
886 if (prop_reply == NULL) {
890 if (xcb_get_property_value_length(prop_reply) > 0 && prop_reply->bytes_after > 0) {
891 /* We received an incomplete value. Ask again but with a properly
893 content_max_words += ceil(prop_reply->bytes_after / 4.0);
894 /* Repeat the request, with adjusted size */
896 prop_cookie = xcb_get_property_unchecked(conn, false, root, atom_reply->atom,
897 XCB_GET_PROPERTY_TYPE_ANY, 0, content_max_words);
898 prop_reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, prop_cookie, NULL);
899 if (prop_reply == NULL) {
904 if (xcb_get_property_value_length(prop_reply) == 0) {
910 const char *walk = (const char *)xcb_get_property_value(prop_reply);
911 int remaining = xcb_get_property_value_length(prop_reply);
912 for (int i = 0; i < 5 && remaining > 0; i++) {
913 const int len = strnlen(walk, remaining);
917 sasprintf((char **)&(xkb_names->rules), "%.*s", len, walk);
920 sasprintf((char **)&(xkb_names->model), "%.*s", len, walk);
923 sasprintf((char **)&(xkb_names->layout), "%.*s", len, walk);
926 sasprintf((char **)&(xkb_names->variant), "%.*s", len, walk);
929 sasprintf((char **)&(xkb_names->options), "%.*s", len, walk);
932 DLOG("component %d of _XKB_RULES_NAMES is \"%.*s\"\n", i, len, walk);
942 * Loads the XKB keymap from the X11 server and feeds it to xkbcommon.
945 bool load_keymap(void) {
946 if (xkb_context == NULL) {
947 if ((xkb_context = xkb_context_new(0)) == NULL) {
948 ELOG("Could not create xkbcommon context\n");
953 struct xkb_keymap *new_keymap = NULL;
955 if (xkb_supported && (device_id = xkb_x11_get_core_keyboard_device_id(conn)) > -1) {
956 if ((new_keymap = xkb_x11_keymap_new_from_device(xkb_context, conn, device_id, 0)) == NULL) {
957 ELOG("xkb_x11_keymap_new_from_device failed\n");
961 /* Likely there is no XKB support on this server, possibly because it
962 * is a VNC server. */
963 LOG("No XKB / core keyboard device? Assembling keymap from local RMLVO.\n");
964 struct xkb_rule_names names = {
970 if (fill_rmlvo_from_root(&names) == -1) {
971 ELOG("Could not get _XKB_RULES_NAMES atom from root window, falling back to defaults.\n");
972 if ((new_keymap = xkb_keymap_new_from_names(xkb_context, &names, 0)) == NULL) {
973 ELOG("xkb_keymap_new_from_names(NULL) failed\n");
977 new_keymap = xkb_keymap_new_from_names(xkb_context, &names, 0);
978 free((char *)names.rules);
979 free((char *)names.model);
980 free((char *)names.layout);
981 free((char *)names.variant);
982 free((char *)names.options);
983 if (new_keymap == NULL) {
984 ELOG("xkb_keymap_new_from_names(RMLVO) failed\n");
988 xkb_keymap_unref(xkb_keymap);
989 xkb_keymap = new_keymap;
995 * Returns a list of buttons that should be grabbed on a window.
996 * This list will always contain 1–3, all higher buttons will only be returned
997 * if there is a whole-window binding for it on some window in the current
999 * The list is terminated by a 0.
1001 int *bindings_get_buttons_to_grab(void) {
1002 /* Let's make the reasonable assumption that there's no more than 25
1006 int buffer[num_max];
1009 /* We always return buttons 1 through 3. */
1015 TAILQ_FOREACH(bind, bindings, bindings) {
1016 if (num + 1 == num_max)
1019 /* We are only interested in whole window mouse bindings. */
1020 if (bind->input_type != B_MOUSE || !bind->whole_window)
1024 if (!parse_long(bind->symbol + (sizeof("button") - 1), &button, 10)) {
1025 ELOG("Could not parse button number, skipping this binding. Please report this bug in i3.\n");
1029 /* Avoid duplicates. */
1030 for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1031 if (buffer[i] == button)
1035 buffer[num++] = button;
1039 int *buttons = scalloc(num, sizeof(int));
1040 memcpy(buttons, buffer, num * sizeof(int));