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1 /*
2  * vim:ts=8:expandtab
3  *
4  * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
5  *
6  * © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors
7  *
8  * See file LICENSE for license information.
9  *
10  * layout.c: Functions handling layout/drawing of window decorations
11  *
12  */
13 #include <stdio.h>
14 #include <string.h>
15 #include <stdlib.h>
16 #include <xcb/xcb.h>
17 #include <assert.h>
18 #include <math.h>
19
20 #include "config.h"
21 #include "i3.h"
22 #include "xcb.h"
23 #include "table.h"
24 #include "util.h"
25 #include "xinerama.h"
26 #include "layout.h"
27
28 /*
29  * Updates *destination with new_value and returns true if it was changed or false
30  * if it was the same
31  *
32  */
33 static bool update_if_necessary(uint32_t *destination, const uint32_t new_value) {
34         int old_value = *destination;
35
36         return ((*destination = new_value) != old_value);
37 }
38
39 /*
40  * Gets the unoccupied space (= space which is available for windows which were resized by the user)
41  * for the given row. This is necessary to render both, customly resized windows and never touched
42  * windows correctly, meaning that the aspect ratio will be maintained when opening new windows.
43  *
44  */
45 int get_unoccupied_x(Workspace *workspace, int row) {
46         int unoccupied = workspace->rect.width;
47         float default_factor = ((float)workspace->rect.width / workspace->cols) / workspace->rect.width;
48
49         LOG("get_unoccupied_x(), starting with %d, default_factor = %f\n", unoccupied, default_factor);
50
51         for (int cols = 0; cols < workspace->cols;) {
52                 Container *con = workspace->table[cols][row];
53                 LOG("width_factor[%d][%d] = %f, colspan = %d\n", cols, row, con->width_factor, con->colspan);
54                 if (con->width_factor == 0)
55                         unoccupied -= workspace->rect.width * default_factor * con->colspan;
56                 cols += con->colspan;
57         }
58
59         assert(unoccupied != 0);
60
61         LOG("unoccupied space: %d\n", unoccupied);
62         return unoccupied;
63 }
64
65 /* See get_unoccupied_x() */
66 int get_unoccupied_y(Workspace *workspace, int col) {
67         int unoccupied = workspace->rect.height;
68         float default_factor = ((float)workspace->rect.height / workspace->rows) / workspace->rect.height;
69
70         LOG("get_unoccupied_y(), starting with %d, default_factor = %f\n", unoccupied, default_factor);
71
72         for (int rows = 0; rows < workspace->rows;) {
73                 Container *con = workspace->table[col][rows];
74                 LOG("height_factor[%d][%d] = %f, rowspan %d\n", col, rows, con->height_factor, con->rowspan);
75                 if (con->height_factor == 0)
76                         unoccupied -= workspace->rect.height * default_factor * con->rowspan;
77                 rows += con->rowspan;
78         }
79
80         assert(unoccupied != 0);
81
82         LOG("unoccupied space: %d\n", unoccupied);
83         return unoccupied;
84 }
85
86 /*
87  * Redecorates the given client correctly by checking if it’s in a stacking container and
88  * re-rendering the stack window or just calling decorate_window if it’s not in a stacking
89  * container.
90  *
91  */
92 void redecorate_window(xcb_connection_t *conn, Client *client) {
93         if (client->container->mode == MODE_STACK) {
94                 render_container(conn, client->container);
95                 /* We clear the frame to generate exposure events, because the color used
96                    in drawing may be different */
97                 xcb_clear_area(conn, true, client->frame, 0, 0, client->rect.width, client->rect.height);
98         } else decorate_window(conn, client, client->frame, client->titlegc, 0);
99         xcb_flush(conn);
100 }
101
102 /*
103  * (Re-)draws window decorations for a given Client onto the given drawable/graphic context.
104  * When in stacking mode, the window decorations are drawn onto an own window.
105  *
106  */
107 void decorate_window(xcb_connection_t *conn, Client *client, xcb_drawable_t drawable, xcb_gcontext_t gc, int offset) {
108         i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
109         int decoration_height = font->height + 2 + 2;
110         uint32_t background_color,
111                  text_color,
112                  border_color;
113
114         /* Clients without a container (docks) won’t get decorated */
115         if (client->container == NULL)
116                 return;
117
118         if (client->container->currently_focused == client) {
119                 /* Distinguish if the window is currently focused… */
120                 if (CUR_CELL->currently_focused == client)
121                         background_color = get_colorpixel(conn, "#285577");
122                 /* …or if it is the focused window in a not focused container */
123                 else background_color = get_colorpixel(conn, "#555555");
124
125                 text_color = get_colorpixel(conn, "#ffffff");
126                 border_color = get_colorpixel(conn, "#4c7899");
127         } else {
128                 background_color = get_colorpixel(conn, "#222222");
129                 text_color = get_colorpixel(conn, "#888888");
130                 border_color = get_colorpixel(conn, "#333333");
131         }
132
133         /* Our plan is the following:
134            - Draw a rect around the whole client in background_color
135            - Draw two lines in a lighter color
136            - Draw the window’s title
137          */
138
139         /* Draw a rectangle in background color around the window */
140         xcb_change_gc_single(conn, gc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, background_color);
141
142         /* In stacking mode, we only render the rect for this specific decoration */
143         if (client->container->mode == MODE_STACK) {
144                 xcb_rectangle_t rect = {0, offset, client->container->width, offset + decoration_height };
145                 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, drawable, gc, 1, &rect);
146         } else {
147                 /* We need to use the container’s width because it is the more recent value - when
148                    in stacking mode, clients get reconfigured only on demand (the not active client
149                    is not reconfigured), so the client’s rect.width would be wrong */
150                 xcb_rectangle_t rect = {0, 0, client->container->width, client->rect.height};
151                 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, drawable, gc, 1, &rect);
152
153                 /* Draw the inner background to have a black frame around clients (such as mplayer)
154                    which cannot be resized exactly in our frames and therefore are centered */
155                 xcb_change_gc_single(conn, client->titlegc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, get_colorpixel(conn, "#000000"));
156                 xcb_rectangle_t crect = {2, decoration_height,
157                                          client->rect.width - (2 + 2), client->rect.height - 2 - decoration_height};
158                 xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, client->frame, client->titlegc, 1, &crect);
159         }
160
161         /* Draw the lines */
162         xcb_draw_line(conn, drawable, gc, border_color, 2, offset, client->rect.width, offset);
163         xcb_draw_line(conn, drawable, gc, border_color, 2, offset + font->height + 3,
164                       2 + client->rect.width, offset + font->height + 3);
165
166         /* If the client has a title, we draw it */
167         if (client->name != NULL) {
168                 /* Draw the font */
169                 uint32_t mask = XCB_GC_FOREGROUND | XCB_GC_BACKGROUND | XCB_GC_FONT;
170                 uint32_t values[] = { text_color, background_color, font->id };
171                 xcb_change_gc(conn, gc, mask, values);
172
173                 /* name_len == -1 means this is a legacy application which does not specify _NET_WM_NAME,
174                    and we don’t handle the old window name (COMPOUND_TEXT) but only _NET_WM_NAME, which
175                    is UTF-8 */
176                 if (client->name_len == -1)
177                         xcb_image_text_8(conn, strlen(client->name), drawable, gc, 3 /* X */,
178                                          offset + font->height /* Y = baseline of font */, client->name);
179                 else
180                         xcb_image_text_16(conn, client->name_len, drawable, gc, 3 /* X */,
181                                           offset + font->height /* Y = baseline of font */, (xcb_char2b_t*)client->name);
182         }
183 }
184
185 /*
186  * Pushes the client’s x and y coordinates to X11
187  *
188  */
189 static void reposition_client(xcb_connection_t *conn, Client *client) {
190         LOG("frame 0x%08x needs to be pushed to %dx%d\n", client->frame, client->rect.x, client->rect.y);
191         /* Note: We can use a pointer to client->x like an array of uint32_ts
192            because it is followed by client->y by definition */
193         xcb_configure_window(conn, client->frame, XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y, &(client->rect.x));
194 }
195
196 /*
197  * Pushes the client’s width/height to X11 and resizes the child window
198  *
199  */
200 static void resize_client(xcb_connection_t *conn, Client *client) {
201         i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
202
203         LOG("resizing client 0x%08x to %d x %d\n", client->frame, client->rect.width, client->rect.height);
204         xcb_configure_window(conn, client->frame,
205                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT,
206                         &(client->rect.width));
207
208         /* Adjust the position of the child inside its frame.
209          * The coordinates of the child are relative to its frame, we
210          * add a border of 2 pixel to each value */
211         uint32_t mask = XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X |
212                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y |
213                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH |
214                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT;
215         Rect *rect = &(client->child_rect);
216         switch ((client->container != NULL ? client->container->mode : MODE_DEFAULT)) {
217                 case MODE_STACK:
218                         rect->x = 2;
219                         rect->y = 0;
220                         rect->width = client->rect.width - (2 + 2);
221                         rect->height = client->rect.height - 2;
222                         break;
223                 default:
224                         if (client->titlebar_position == TITLEBAR_OFF) {
225                                 rect->x = 0;
226                                 rect->y = 0;
227                                 rect->width = client->rect.width;
228                                 rect->height = client->rect.height;
229                         } else {
230                                 rect->x = 2;
231                                 rect->y = font->height + 2 + 2;
232                                 rect->width = client->rect.width - (2 + 2);
233                                 rect->height = client->rect.height - ((font->height + 2 + 2) + 2);
234                         }
235                         break;
236         }
237
238         /* Obey the ratio, if any */
239         if (client->proportional_height != 0 &&
240             client->proportional_width != 0) {
241                 LOG("proportional height = %d, width = %d\n", client->proportional_height, client->proportional_width);
242                 double new_height = rect->height + 1;
243                 int new_width = rect->width;
244
245                 while (new_height > rect->height) {
246                         new_height = ((double)client->proportional_height / client->proportional_width) * new_width;
247
248                         if (new_height > rect->height)
249                                 new_width--;
250                 }
251                 /* Center the window */
252                 rect->y += ceil(rect->height / 2) - floor(new_height / 2);
253                 rect->x += ceil(rect->width / 2) - floor(new_width / 2);
254
255                 rect->height = new_height;
256                 rect->width = new_width;
257                 LOG("new_height = %f, new_width = %d\n", new_height, new_width);
258         }
259
260         LOG("child will be at %dx%d with size %dx%d\n", rect->x, rect->y, rect->width, rect->height);
261
262         xcb_configure_window(conn, client->child, mask, &(rect->x));
263
264         /* After configuring a child window we need to fake a configure_notify_event according
265            to ICCCM 4.2.3. This seems rather broken, especially since X sends exactly the same
266            configure_notify_event automatically according to xtrace. Anyone knows details? */
267         fake_configure_notify(conn, *rect, client->child);
268 }
269
270 /*
271  * Renders the given container. Is called by render_layout() or individually (for example
272  * when focus changes in a stacking container)
273  *
274  */
275 void render_container(xcb_connection_t *conn, Container *container) {
276         Client *client;
277         int num_clients = 0, current_client = 0;
278
279         if (container->currently_focused == NULL)
280                 return;
281
282         CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(client, &(container->clients), clients)
283                 num_clients++;
284
285         if (container->mode == MODE_DEFAULT) {
286                 LOG("got %d clients in this default container.\n", num_clients);
287                 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(client, &(container->clients), clients) {
288                         /* If the client is in fullscreen mode, it does not get reconfigured */
289                         if (container->workspace->fullscreen_client == client) {
290                                 current_client++;
291                                 continue;
292                         }
293
294                         /* Check if we changed client->x or client->y by updating it.
295                          * Note the bitwise OR instead of logical OR to force evaluation of both statements */
296                         if (client->force_reconfigure |
297                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.x), container->x) |
298                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.y), container->y +
299                                         (container->height / num_clients) * current_client))
300                                 reposition_client(conn, client);
301
302                         /* TODO: vertical default layout */
303                         if (client->force_reconfigure |
304                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.width), container->width) |
305                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.height), container->height / num_clients))
306                                 resize_client(conn, client);
307
308                         client->force_reconfigure = false;
309
310                         current_client++;
311                 }
312         } else {
313                 i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
314                 int decoration_height = (font->height + 2 + 2);
315                 struct Stack_Window *stack_win = &(container->stack_win);
316
317                 /* Check if we need to remap our stack title window, it gets unmapped when the container
318                    is empty in src/handlers.c:unmap_notify() */
319                 if (stack_win->rect.height == 0)
320                         xcb_map_window(conn, stack_win->window);
321
322                 /* Check if we need to reconfigure our stack title window */
323                 if (update_if_necessary(&(stack_win->rect.x), container->x) |
324                     update_if_necessary(&(stack_win->rect.y), container->y) |
325                     update_if_necessary(&(stack_win->rect.width), container->width) |
326                     update_if_necessary(&(stack_win->rect.height), decoration_height * num_clients)) {
327
328                         /* Configuration can happen in two slightly different ways:
329
330                            If there is no client in fullscreen mode, 5 parameters are passed
331                            (x, y, width, height, stack mode is set to above which means top-most position).
332
333                            If there is a fullscreen client, the fourth parameter is set to to the
334                            fullscreen window as sibling and the stack mode is set to below, which means
335                            that the stack_window will be placed just below the sibling, that is, under
336                            the fullscreen window.
337                          */
338                         uint32_t values[] = { stack_win->rect.x, stack_win->rect.y,
339                                               stack_win->rect.width, stack_win->rect.height,
340                                               XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE, XCB_STACK_MODE_BELOW };
341                         uint32_t mask = XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_X | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_Y |
342                                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH | XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT |
343                                         XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE;
344
345                         /* If there is no fullscreen client, we raise the stack window */
346                         if (container->workspace->fullscreen_client != NULL) {
347                                 mask |= XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_SIBLING;
348                                 values[4] = container->workspace->fullscreen_client->frame;
349                         }
350
351                         xcb_configure_window(conn, stack_win->window, mask, values);
352                 }
353
354                 /* Reconfigure the currently focused client, if necessary. It is the only visible one */
355                 client = container->currently_focused;
356
357                 if (container->workspace->fullscreen_client == NULL) {
358                         uint32_t values[] = { XCB_STACK_MODE_ABOVE };
359                         xcb_configure_window(conn, client->frame, XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_STACK_MODE, values);
360                 }
361
362                 /* Render the decorations of all clients */
363                 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(client, &(container->clients), clients) {
364                         /* If the client is in fullscreen mode, it does not get reconfigured */
365                         if (container->workspace->fullscreen_client == client) {
366                                 current_client++;
367                                 continue;
368                         }
369
370                         /* Check if we changed client->x or client->y by updating it.
371                          * Note the bitwise OR instead of logical OR to force evaluation of both statements */
372                         if (client->force_reconfigure |
373                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.x), container->x) |
374                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.y), container->y + (decoration_height * num_clients)))
375                                 reposition_client(conn, client);
376
377                         if (client->force_reconfigure |
378                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.width), container->width) |
379                             update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.height), container->height - (decoration_height * num_clients)))
380                                 resize_client(conn, client);
381
382                         client->force_reconfigure = false;
383
384                         decorate_window(conn, client, stack_win->window, stack_win->gc,
385                                         current_client++ * decoration_height);
386                 }
387         }
388 }
389
390 static void render_bars(xcb_connection_t *conn, Workspace *r_ws, int width, int *height) {
391         Client *client;
392         SLIST_FOREACH(client, &(r_ws->dock_clients), dock_clients) {
393                 LOG("client is at %d, should be at %d\n", client->rect.y, *height);
394                 if (client->force_reconfigure |
395                     update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.x), 0) |
396                     update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.y), *height))
397                         reposition_client(conn, client);
398
399                 if (client->force_reconfigure |
400                     update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.width), width) |
401                     update_if_necessary(&(client->rect.height), client->desired_height))
402                         resize_client(conn, client);
403
404                 client->force_reconfigure = false;
405                 *height += client->desired_height;
406         }
407 }
408
409 static void render_internal_bar(xcb_connection_t *conn, Workspace *r_ws, int width, int height) {
410         LOG("Rendering internal bar\n");
411         i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
412         i3Screen *screen = r_ws->screen;
413         enum { SET_NORMAL = 0, SET_FOCUSED = 1 };
414         uint32_t background_color[2],
415                  text_color[2],
416                  border_color[2],
417                  black;
418         char label[3];
419
420         black = get_colorpixel(conn, "#000000");
421
422         background_color[SET_NORMAL] = get_colorpixel(conn, "#222222");
423         text_color[SET_NORMAL] = get_colorpixel(conn, "#888888");
424         border_color[SET_NORMAL] = get_colorpixel(conn, "#333333");
425
426         background_color[SET_FOCUSED] = get_colorpixel(conn, "#285577");
427         text_color[SET_FOCUSED] = get_colorpixel(conn, "#ffffff");
428         border_color[SET_FOCUSED] = get_colorpixel(conn, "#4c7899");
429
430         /* Fill the whole bar in black */
431         xcb_change_gc_single(conn, screen->bargc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, black);
432         xcb_rectangle_t rect = {0, 0, width, height};
433         xcb_poly_fill_rectangle(conn, screen->bar, screen->bargc, 1, &rect);
434
435         /* Set font */
436         xcb_change_gc_single(conn, screen->bargc, XCB_GC_FONT, font->id);
437
438         int drawn = 0;
439         for (int c = 0; c < 10; c++) {
440                 if (workspaces[c].screen == screen) {
441                         int set = (screen->current_workspace == c ? SET_FOCUSED : SET_NORMAL);
442
443                         xcb_draw_rect(conn, screen->bar, screen->bargc, border_color[set],
444                                       drawn * height, 1, height - 2, height - 2);
445                         xcb_draw_rect(conn, screen->bar, screen->bargc, background_color[set],
446                                       drawn * height + 1, 2, height - 4, height - 4);
447
448                         snprintf(label, sizeof(label), "%d", c+1);
449                         xcb_change_gc_single(conn, screen->bargc, XCB_GC_FOREGROUND, text_color[set]);
450                         xcb_change_gc_single(conn, screen->bargc, XCB_GC_BACKGROUND, background_color[set]);
451                         xcb_image_text_8(conn, strlen(label), screen->bar, screen->bargc, drawn * height + 5 /* X */,
452                                                         font->height + 1 /* Y = baseline of font */, label);
453                         drawn++;
454                 }
455         }
456
457         LOG("done rendering internal\n");
458 }
459
460 /*
461  * Modifies the event mask of all clients on the given workspace to either ignore or to handle
462  * enter notifies. It is handy to ignore notifies because they will be sent when a window is mapped
463  * under the cursor, thus when the user didn’t enter the window actively at all.
464  *
465  */
466 void ignore_enter_notify_forall(xcb_connection_t *conn, Workspace *workspace, bool ignore_enter_notify) {
467         Client *client;
468         uint32_t values[1];
469
470         LOG("Ignore enter_notify = %d\n", ignore_enter_notify);
471
472         FOR_TABLE(workspace)
473                 CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(client, &(workspace->table[cols][rows]->clients), clients) {
474                         /* Change event mask for the decorations */
475                         values[0] = FRAME_EVENT_MASK;
476                         if (ignore_enter_notify)
477                                 values[0] &= ~(XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW);
478                         xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, client->frame, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
479
480                         /* Change event mask for the child itself */
481                         values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK;
482                         if (ignore_enter_notify)
483                                 values[0] &= ~(XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW);
484                         xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, client->child, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
485                 }
486 }
487
488 void render_layout(xcb_connection_t *conn) {
489         i3Screen *screen;
490         i3Font *font = load_font(conn, config.font);
491
492         TAILQ_FOREACH(screen, virtual_screens, screens) {
493                 /* r_ws (rendering workspace) is just a shortcut to the Workspace being currently rendered */
494                 Workspace *r_ws = &(workspaces[screen->current_workspace]);
495
496                 LOG("Rendering screen %d\n", screen->num);
497
498                 int width = r_ws->rect.width;
499                 int height = r_ws->rect.height;
500
501                 /* Reserve space for dock clients */
502                 Client *client;
503                 SLIST_FOREACH(client, &(r_ws->dock_clients), dock_clients)
504                         height -= client->desired_height;
505
506                 /* Space for the internal bar */
507                 height -= (font->height + 6);
508
509                 LOG("got %d rows and %d cols\n", r_ws->rows, r_ws->cols);
510
511                 int xoffset[r_ws->rows];
512                 int yoffset[r_ws->cols];
513                 /* Initialize offsets */
514                 for (int cols = 0; cols < r_ws->cols; cols++)
515                         yoffset[cols] = r_ws->rect.y;
516                 for (int rows = 0; rows < r_ws->rows; rows++)
517                         xoffset[rows] = r_ws->rect.x;
518
519                 dump_table(conn, r_ws);
520
521                 ignore_enter_notify_forall(conn, r_ws, true);
522
523                 /* Go through the whole table and render what’s necessary */
524                 FOR_TABLE(r_ws) {
525                         Container *container = r_ws->table[cols][rows];
526                         int single_width, single_height;
527                         LOG("\n");
528                         LOG("========\n");
529                         LOG("container has %d colspan, %d rowspan\n",
530                                         container->colspan, container->rowspan);
531                         LOG("container at %d, %d\n", xoffset[rows], yoffset[cols]);
532                         /* Update position of the container */
533                         container->row = rows;
534                         container->col = cols;
535                         container->x = xoffset[rows];
536                         container->y = yoffset[cols];
537
538                         if (container->width_factor == 0)
539                                 container->width = (width / r_ws->cols);
540                         else container->width = get_unoccupied_x(r_ws, rows) * container->width_factor;
541                         single_width = container->width;
542                         container->width *= container->colspan;
543
544                         if (container->height_factor == 0)
545                                 container->height = (height / r_ws->rows);
546                         else container->height = get_unoccupied_y(r_ws, cols) * container->height_factor;
547                         single_height = container->height;
548                         container->height *= container->rowspan;
549
550                         /* Render the container if it is not empty */
551                         render_container(conn, container);
552
553                         xoffset[rows] += single_width;
554                         yoffset[cols] += single_height;
555                         LOG("==========\n");
556                 }
557
558                 ignore_enter_notify_forall(conn, r_ws, false);
559
560                 render_bars(conn, r_ws, width, &height);
561                 render_internal_bar(conn, r_ws, width, font->height + 6);
562         }
563
564         xcb_flush(conn);
565 }