2 * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
4 * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
5 * © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors (see also: LICENSE)
7 * main.c: Initialization, main loop
14 #include <sys/types.h>
15 #include <sys/socket.h>
18 #include <sys/resource.h>
24 #ifdef I3_ASAN_ENABLED
25 #include <sanitizer/lsan_interface.h>
28 #include "sd-daemon.h"
30 /* The original value of RLIMIT_CORE when i3 was started. We need to restore
31 * this before starting any other process, since we set RLIMIT_CORE to
32 * RLIM_INFINITY for i3 debugging versions. */
33 struct rlimit original_rlimit_core;
35 /* The number of file descriptors passed via socket activation. */
38 /* We keep the xcb_prepare watcher around to be able to enable and disable it
39 * temporarily for drag_pointer(). */
40 static struct ev_prepare *xcb_prepare;
44 xcb_connection_t *conn;
45 /* The screen (0 when you are using DISPLAY=:0) of the connection 'conn' */
48 /* Display handle for libstartup-notification */
51 /* The last timestamp we got from X11 (timestamps are included in some events
52 * and are used for some things, like determining a unique ID in startup
54 xcb_timestamp_t last_timestamp = XCB_CURRENT_TIME;
56 xcb_screen_t *root_screen;
59 /* Color depth, visual id and colormap to use when creating windows and
60 * pixmaps. Will use 32 bit depth and an appropriate visual, if available,
61 * otherwise the root window’s default (usually 24 bit TrueColor). */
63 xcb_visualtype_t *visual_type;
64 xcb_colormap_t colormap;
66 struct ev_loop *main_loop;
68 xcb_key_symbols_t *keysyms;
70 /* Default shmlog size if not set by user. */
71 const int default_shmlog_size = 25 * 1024 * 1024;
73 /* The list of key bindings */
74 struct bindings_head *bindings;
76 /* The list of exec-lines */
77 struct autostarts_head autostarts = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(autostarts);
79 /* The list of exec_always lines */
80 struct autostarts_always_head autostarts_always = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(autostarts_always);
82 /* The list of assignments */
83 struct assignments_head assignments = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(assignments);
85 /* The list of workspace assignments (which workspace should end up on which
87 struct ws_assignments_head ws_assignments = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ws_assignments);
89 /* We hope that those are supported and set them to true */
90 bool xcursor_supported = true;
91 bool xkb_supported = true;
93 bool force_xinerama = false;
96 * This callback is only a dummy, see xcb_prepare_cb.
97 * See also man libev(3): "ev_prepare" and "ev_check" - customise your event loop
100 static void xcb_got_event(EV_P_ struct ev_io *w, int revents) {
101 /* empty, because xcb_prepare_cb are used */
105 * Called just before the event loop sleeps. Ensures xcb’s incoming and outgoing
106 * queues are empty so that any activity will trigger another event loop
107 * iteration, and hence another xcb_prepare_cb invocation.
110 static void xcb_prepare_cb(EV_P_ ev_prepare *w, int revents) {
111 /* Process all queued (and possibly new) events before the event loop
113 xcb_generic_event_t *event;
115 while ((event = xcb_poll_for_event(conn)) != NULL) {
116 if (event->response_type == 0) {
117 if (event_is_ignored(event->sequence, 0))
118 DLOG("Expected X11 Error received for sequence %x\n", event->sequence);
120 xcb_generic_error_t *error = (xcb_generic_error_t *)event;
121 DLOG("X11 Error received (probably harmless)! sequence 0x%x, error_code = %d\n",
122 error->sequence, error->error_code);
128 /* Strip off the highest bit (set if the event is generated) */
129 int type = (event->response_type & 0x7F);
131 handle_event(type, event);
136 /* Flush all queued events to X11. */
141 * Enable or disable the main X11 event handling function.
142 * This is used by drag_pointer() which has its own, modal event handler, which
143 * takes precedence over the normal event handler.
146 void main_set_x11_cb(bool enable) {
147 DLOG("Setting main X11 callback to enabled=%d\n", enable);
149 ev_prepare_start(main_loop, xcb_prepare);
150 /* Trigger the watcher explicitly to handle all remaining X11 events.
151 * drag_pointer()’s event handler exits in the middle of the loop. */
152 ev_feed_event(main_loop, xcb_prepare, 0);
154 ev_prepare_stop(main_loop, xcb_prepare);
159 * Exit handler which destroys the main_loop. Will trigger cleanup handlers.
162 static void i3_exit(void) {
163 if (*shmlogname != '\0') {
164 fprintf(stderr, "Closing SHM log \"%s\"\n", shmlogname);
166 shm_unlink(shmlogname);
168 ipc_shutdown(SHUTDOWN_REASON_EXIT);
169 unlink(config.ipc_socket_path);
170 xcb_disconnect(conn);
172 /* We need ev >= 4 for the following code. Since it is not *that* important (it
173 * only makes sure that there are no i3-nagbar instances left behind) we still
174 * support old systems with libev 3. */
175 #if EV_VERSION_MAJOR >= 4
176 ev_loop_destroy(main_loop);
179 #ifdef I3_ASAN_ENABLED
180 __lsan_do_leak_check();
185 * (One-shot) Handler for all signals with default action "Core", see signal(7)
187 * Unlinks the SHM log and re-raises the signal.
190 static void handle_core_signal(int sig, siginfo_t *info, void *data) {
191 if (*shmlogname != '\0') {
192 shm_unlink(shmlogname);
198 * (One-shot) Handler for all signals with default action "Term", see signal(7)
200 * Exits the program gracefully.
203 static void handle_term_signal(struct ev_loop *loop, ev_signal *signal, int revents) {
204 /* We exit gracefully here in the sense that cleanup handlers
205 * installed via atexit are invoked. */
206 exit(128 + signal->signum);
210 * Set up handlers for all signals with default action "Term", see signal(7)
213 static void setup_term_handlers(void) {
214 static struct ev_signal signal_watchers[6];
215 size_t num_watchers = sizeof(signal_watchers) / sizeof(signal_watchers[0]);
217 /* We have to rely on libev functionality here and should not use
218 * sigaction handlers because we need to invoke the exit handlers
219 * and cannot do so from an asynchronous signal handling context as
220 * not all code triggered during exit is signal safe (and exiting
221 * the main loop from said handler is not easily possible). libev's
222 * signal handlers does not impose such a constraint on us. */
223 ev_signal_init(&signal_watchers[0], handle_term_signal, SIGHUP);
224 ev_signal_init(&signal_watchers[1], handle_term_signal, SIGINT);
225 ev_signal_init(&signal_watchers[2], handle_term_signal, SIGALRM);
226 ev_signal_init(&signal_watchers[3], handle_term_signal, SIGTERM);
227 ev_signal_init(&signal_watchers[4], handle_term_signal, SIGUSR1);
228 ev_signal_init(&signal_watchers[5], handle_term_signal, SIGUSR1);
229 for (size_t i = 0; i < num_watchers; i++) {
230 ev_signal_start(main_loop, &signal_watchers[i]);
231 /* The signal handlers should not block ev_run from returning
232 * and so none of the signal handlers should hold a reference to
238 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
239 /* Keep a symbol pointing to the I3_VERSION string constant so that we have
240 * it in gdb backtraces. */
241 static const char *_i3_version __attribute__((used)) = I3_VERSION;
242 char *override_configpath = NULL;
243 bool autostart = true;
244 char *layout_path = NULL;
245 bool delete_layout_path = false;
246 bool disable_randr15 = false;
247 char *fake_outputs = NULL;
248 bool disable_signalhandler = false;
249 bool only_check_config = false;
250 static struct option long_options[] = {
251 {"no-autostart", no_argument, 0, 'a'},
252 {"config", required_argument, 0, 'c'},
253 {"version", no_argument, 0, 'v'},
254 {"moreversion", no_argument, 0, 'm'},
255 {"more-version", no_argument, 0, 'm'},
256 {"more_version", no_argument, 0, 'm'},
257 {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
258 {"layout", required_argument, 0, 'L'},
259 {"restart", required_argument, 0, 0},
260 {"force-xinerama", no_argument, 0, 0},
261 {"force_xinerama", no_argument, 0, 0},
262 {"disable-randr15", no_argument, 0, 0},
263 {"disable_randr15", no_argument, 0, 0},
264 {"disable-signalhandler", no_argument, 0, 0},
265 {"shmlog-size", required_argument, 0, 0},
266 {"shmlog_size", required_argument, 0, 0},
267 {"get-socketpath", no_argument, 0, 0},
268 {"get_socketpath", no_argument, 0, 0},
269 {"fake_outputs", required_argument, 0, 0},
270 {"fake-outputs", required_argument, 0, 0},
271 {"force-old-config-parser-v4.4-only", no_argument, 0, 0},
273 int option_index = 0, opt;
275 setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
277 /* Get the RLIMIT_CORE limit at startup time to restore this before
278 * starting processes. */
279 getrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &original_rlimit_core);
281 /* Disable output buffering to make redirects in .xsession actually useful for debugging */
282 if (!isatty(fileno(stdout)))
283 setbuf(stdout, NULL);
287 /* Init logging *before* initializing debug_build to guarantee early
291 /* On release builds, disable SHM logging by default. */
292 shmlog_size = (is_debug_build() || strstr(argv[0], "i3-with-shmlog") != NULL ? default_shmlog_size : 0);
296 while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "c:CvmaL:hld:V", long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
299 LOG("Autostart disabled using -a\n");
304 layout_path = sstrdup(optarg);
305 delete_layout_path = false;
308 FREE(override_configpath);
309 override_configpath = sstrdup(optarg);
312 LOG("Checking configuration file only (-C)\n");
313 only_check_config = true;
316 printf("i3 version %s © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors\n", i3_version);
320 printf("Binary i3 version: %s © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors\n", i3_version);
321 display_running_version();
328 LOG("Enabling debug logging\n");
329 set_debug_logging(true);
332 /* DEPRECATED, ignored for the next 3 versions (3.e, 3.f, 3.g) */
335 if (strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "force-xinerama") == 0 ||
336 strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "force_xinerama") == 0) {
337 force_xinerama = true;
338 ELOG("Using Xinerama instead of RandR. This option should be "
339 "avoided at all cost because it does not refresh the list "
340 "of screens, so you cannot configure displays at runtime. "
341 "Please check if your driver really does not support RandR "
342 "and disable this option as soon as you can.\n");
344 } else if (strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "disable-randr15") == 0 ||
345 strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "disable_randr15") == 0) {
346 disable_randr15 = true;
348 } else if (strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "disable-signalhandler") == 0) {
349 disable_signalhandler = true;
351 } else if (strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "get-socketpath") == 0 ||
352 strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "get_socketpath") == 0) {
353 char *socket_path = root_atom_contents("I3_SOCKET_PATH", NULL, 0);
355 printf("%s\n", socket_path);
360 } else if (strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "shmlog-size") == 0 ||
361 strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "shmlog_size") == 0) {
362 shmlog_size = atoi(optarg);
363 /* Re-initialize logging immediately to get as many
364 * logmessages as possible into the SHM log. */
366 LOG("Limiting SHM log size to %d bytes\n", shmlog_size);
368 } else if (strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "restart") == 0) {
370 layout_path = sstrdup(optarg);
371 delete_layout_path = true;
373 } else if (strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "fake-outputs") == 0 ||
374 strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "fake_outputs") == 0) {
375 LOG("Initializing fake outputs: %s\n", optarg);
376 fake_outputs = sstrdup(optarg);
378 } else if (strcmp(long_options[option_index].name, "force-old-config-parser-v4.4-only") == 0) {
379 ELOG("You are passing --force-old-config-parser-v4.4-only, but that flag was removed by now.\n");
384 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-c configfile] [-d all] [-a] [-v] [-V] [-C]\n", argv[0]);
385 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
386 fprintf(stderr, "\t-a disable autostart ('exec' lines in config)\n");
387 fprintf(stderr, "\t-c <file> use the provided configfile instead\n");
388 fprintf(stderr, "\t-C validate configuration file and exit\n");
389 fprintf(stderr, "\t-d all enable debug output\n");
390 fprintf(stderr, "\t-L <file> path to the serialized layout during restarts\n");
391 fprintf(stderr, "\t-v display version and exit\n");
392 fprintf(stderr, "\t-V enable verbose mode\n");
393 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
394 fprintf(stderr, "\t--force-xinerama\n"
395 "\tUse Xinerama instead of RandR.\n"
396 "\tThis option should only be used if you are stuck with the\n"
397 "\told nVidia closed source driver (older than 302.17), which does\n"
398 "\tnot support RandR.\n");
399 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
400 fprintf(stderr, "\t--get-socketpath\n"
401 "\tRetrieve the i3 IPC socket path from X11, print it, then exit.\n");
402 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
403 fprintf(stderr, "\t--shmlog-size <limit>\n"
404 "\tLimits the size of the i3 SHM log to <limit> bytes. Setting this\n"
405 "\tto 0 disables SHM logging entirely.\n"
406 "\tThe default is %d bytes.\n",
408 fprintf(stderr, "\n");
409 fprintf(stderr, "If you pass plain text arguments, i3 will interpret them as a command\n"
410 "to send to a currently running i3 (like i3-msg). This allows you to\n"
411 "use nice and logical commands, such as:\n"
414 "\ti3 floating toggle\n"
421 if (only_check_config) {
422 exit(parse_configuration(override_configpath, false) ? 0 : 1);
425 /* If the user passes more arguments, we act like i3-msg would: Just send
426 * the arguments as an IPC message to i3. This allows for nice semantic
427 * commands such as 'i3 border none'. */
429 /* We enable verbose mode so that the user knows what’s going on.
430 * This should make it easier to find mistakes when the user passes
431 * arguments by mistake. */
434 LOG("Additional arguments passed. Sending them as a command to i3.\n");
435 char *payload = NULL;
436 while (optind < argc) {
438 payload = sstrdup(argv[optind]);
441 sasprintf(&both, "%s %s", payload, argv[optind]);
447 DLOG("Command is: %s (%zd bytes)\n", payload, strlen(payload));
448 char *socket_path = root_atom_contents("I3_SOCKET_PATH", NULL, 0);
450 ELOG("Could not get i3 IPC socket path\n");
454 int sockfd = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
456 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not create socket");
458 struct sockaddr_un addr;
459 memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
460 addr.sun_family = AF_LOCAL;
461 strncpy(addr.sun_path, socket_path, sizeof(addr.sun_path) - 1);
463 if (connect(sockfd, (const struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un)) < 0)
464 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not connect to i3");
466 if (ipc_send_message(sockfd, strlen(payload), I3_IPC_MESSAGE_TYPE_RUN_COMMAND,
467 (uint8_t *)payload) == -1)
468 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "IPC: write()");
471 uint32_t reply_length;
475 if ((ret = ipc_recv_message(sockfd, &reply_type, &reply_length, &reply)) != 0) {
477 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "IPC: read()");
480 if (reply_type != I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_COMMAND)
481 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "IPC: received reply of type %d but expected %d (COMMAND)", reply_type, I3_IPC_REPLY_TYPE_COMMAND);
482 printf("%.*s\n", reply_length, reply);
487 /* Enable logging to handle the case when the user did not specify --shmlog-size */
490 /* Try to enable core dumps by default when running a debug build */
491 if (is_debug_build()) {
492 struct rlimit limit = {RLIM_INFINITY, RLIM_INFINITY};
493 setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &limit);
495 /* The following code is helpful, but not required. We thus don’t pay
496 * much attention to error handling, non-linux or other edge cases. */
497 LOG("CORE DUMPS: You are running a development version of i3, so coredumps were automatically enabled (ulimit -c unlimited).\n");
498 size_t cwd_size = 1024;
499 char *cwd = smalloc(cwd_size);
501 while ((cwd_ret = getcwd(cwd, cwd_size)) == NULL && errno == ERANGE) {
502 cwd_size = cwd_size * 2;
503 cwd = srealloc(cwd, cwd_size);
506 LOG("CORE DUMPS: Your current working directory is \"%s\".\n", cwd);
508 if ((patternfd = open("/proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern", O_RDONLY)) >= 0) {
509 memset(cwd, '\0', cwd_size);
510 if (read(patternfd, cwd, cwd_size) > 0)
511 /* a trailing newline is included in cwd */
512 LOG("CORE DUMPS: Your core_pattern is: %s", cwd);
518 LOG("i3 %s starting\n", i3_version);
520 conn = xcb_connect(NULL, &conn_screen);
521 if (xcb_connection_has_error(conn))
522 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Cannot open display\n");
524 sndisplay = sn_xcb_display_new(conn, NULL, NULL);
526 /* Initialize the libev event loop. This needs to be done before loading
527 * the config file because the parser will install an ev_child watcher
528 * for the nagbar when config errors are found. */
529 main_loop = EV_DEFAULT;
530 if (main_loop == NULL)
531 die("Could not initialize libev. Bad LIBEV_FLAGS?\n");
533 root_screen = xcb_aux_get_screen(conn, conn_screen);
534 root = root_screen->root;
536 /* Place requests for the atoms we need as soon as possible */
537 #define xmacro(atom) \
538 xcb_intern_atom_cookie_t atom##_cookie = xcb_intern_atom(conn, 0, strlen(#atom), #atom);
539 #include "atoms.xmacro"
542 root_depth = root_screen->root_depth;
543 colormap = root_screen->default_colormap;
544 visual_type = xcb_aux_find_visual_by_attrs(root_screen, -1, 32);
545 if (visual_type != NULL) {
546 root_depth = xcb_aux_get_depth_of_visual(root_screen, visual_type->visual_id);
547 colormap = xcb_generate_id(conn);
549 xcb_void_cookie_t cm_cookie = xcb_create_colormap_checked(conn,
550 XCB_COLORMAP_ALLOC_NONE,
553 visual_type->visual_id);
555 xcb_generic_error_t *error = xcb_request_check(conn, cm_cookie);
557 ELOG("Could not create colormap. Error code: %d\n", error->error_code);
561 visual_type = get_visualtype(root_screen);
566 DLOG("root_depth = %d, visual_id = 0x%08x.\n", root_depth, visual_type->visual_id);
567 DLOG("root_screen->height_in_pixels = %d, root_screen->height_in_millimeters = %d\n",
568 root_screen->height_in_pixels, root_screen->height_in_millimeters);
569 DLOG("One logical pixel corresponds to %d physical pixels on this display.\n", logical_px(1));
571 xcb_get_geometry_cookie_t gcookie = xcb_get_geometry(conn, root);
572 xcb_query_pointer_cookie_t pointercookie = xcb_query_pointer(conn, root);
574 /* Setup NetWM atoms */
575 #define xmacro(name) \
577 xcb_intern_atom_reply_t *reply = xcb_intern_atom_reply(conn, name##_cookie, NULL); \
579 ELOG("Could not get atom " #name "\n"); \
582 A_##name = reply->atom; \
585 #include "atoms.xmacro"
588 load_configuration(conn, override_configpath, false);
590 if (config.ipc_socket_path == NULL) {
591 /* Fall back to a file name in /tmp/ based on the PID */
592 if ((config.ipc_socket_path = getenv("I3SOCK")) == NULL)
593 config.ipc_socket_path = get_process_filename("ipc-socket");
595 config.ipc_socket_path = sstrdup(config.ipc_socket_path);
598 if (config.force_xinerama) {
599 force_xinerama = true;
602 xcb_void_cookie_t cookie;
603 cookie = xcb_change_window_attributes_checked(conn, root, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, (uint32_t[]){ROOT_EVENT_MASK});
604 xcb_generic_error_t *error = xcb_request_check(conn, cookie);
606 ELOG("Another window manager seems to be running (X error %d)\n", error->error_code);
607 #ifdef I3_ASAN_ENABLED
608 __lsan_do_leak_check();
613 xcb_get_geometry_reply_t *greply = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, gcookie, NULL);
614 if (greply == NULL) {
615 ELOG("Could not get geometry of the root window, exiting\n");
618 DLOG("root geometry reply: (%d, %d) %d x %d\n", greply->x, greply->y, greply->width, greply->height);
620 xcursor_load_cursors();
622 /* Set a cursor for the root window (otherwise the root window will show no
623 cursor until the first client is launched). */
624 if (xcursor_supported)
625 xcursor_set_root_cursor(XCURSOR_CURSOR_POINTER);
627 xcb_set_root_cursor(XCURSOR_CURSOR_POINTER);
629 const xcb_query_extension_reply_t *extreply;
630 extreply = xcb_get_extension_data(conn, &xcb_xkb_id);
631 xkb_supported = extreply->present;
632 if (!extreply->present) {
633 DLOG("xkb is not present on this server\n");
635 DLOG("initializing xcb-xkb\n");
636 xcb_xkb_use_extension(conn, XCB_XKB_MAJOR_VERSION, XCB_XKB_MINOR_VERSION);
637 xcb_xkb_select_events(conn,
638 XCB_XKB_ID_USE_CORE_KBD,
639 XCB_XKB_EVENT_TYPE_STATE_NOTIFY | XCB_XKB_EVENT_TYPE_MAP_NOTIFY | XCB_XKB_EVENT_TYPE_NEW_KEYBOARD_NOTIFY,
641 XCB_XKB_EVENT_TYPE_STATE_NOTIFY | XCB_XKB_EVENT_TYPE_MAP_NOTIFY | XCB_XKB_EVENT_TYPE_NEW_KEYBOARD_NOTIFY,
646 /* Setting both, XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_GRABS_USE_XKB_STATE and
647 * XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_LOOKUP_STATE_WHEN_GRABBED, will lead to the
648 * X server sending us the full XKB state in KeyPress and KeyRelease:
649 * https://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/xserver/tree/xkb/xkbEvents.c?h=xorg-server-1.20.0#n927
651 * XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_DETECTABLE_AUTO_REPEAT enable detectable autorepeat:
652 * https://www.x.org/releases/current/doc/kbproto/xkbproto.html#Detectable_Autorepeat
653 * This affects bindings using the --release flag: instead of getting multiple KeyRelease
654 * events we get only one event when the key is physically released by the user.
656 const uint32_t mask = XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_GRABS_USE_XKB_STATE |
657 XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_LOOKUP_STATE_WHEN_GRABBED |
658 XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_DETECTABLE_AUTO_REPEAT;
659 xcb_xkb_per_client_flags_reply_t *pcf_reply;
660 /* The last three parameters are unset because they are only relevant
661 * when using a feature called “automatic reset of boolean controls”:
662 * https://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.7/doc/kbproto/xkbproto.html#Automatic_Reset_of_Boolean_Controls
664 pcf_reply = xcb_xkb_per_client_flags_reply(
666 xcb_xkb_per_client_flags(
668 XCB_XKB_ID_USE_CORE_KBD,
671 0 /* uint32_t ctrlsToChange */,
672 0 /* uint32_t autoCtrls */,
673 0 /* uint32_t autoCtrlsValues */),
676 #define PCF_REPLY_ERROR(_value) \
678 if (pcf_reply == NULL || !(pcf_reply->value & (_value))) { \
679 ELOG("Could not set " #_value "\n"); \
683 PCF_REPLY_ERROR(XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_GRABS_USE_XKB_STATE);
684 PCF_REPLY_ERROR(XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_LOOKUP_STATE_WHEN_GRABBED);
685 PCF_REPLY_ERROR(XCB_XKB_PER_CLIENT_FLAG_DETECTABLE_AUTO_REPEAT);
688 xkb_base = extreply->first_event;
693 property_handlers_init();
697 keysyms = xcb_key_symbols_alloc(conn);
699 xcb_numlock_mask = aio_get_mod_mask_for(XCB_NUM_LOCK, keysyms);
702 die("Could not load keymap\n");
707 bool needs_tree_init = true;
708 if (layout_path != NULL) {
709 LOG("Trying to restore the layout from \"%s\".\n", layout_path);
710 needs_tree_init = !tree_restore(layout_path, greply);
711 if (delete_layout_path) {
713 const char *dir = dirname(layout_path);
714 /* possibly fails with ENOTEMPTY if there are files (or
724 /* Setup fake outputs for testing */
725 if (fake_outputs == NULL && config.fake_outputs != NULL)
726 fake_outputs = config.fake_outputs;
728 if (fake_outputs != NULL) {
729 fake_outputs_init(fake_outputs);
731 config.fake_outputs = NULL;
732 } else if (force_xinerama) {
733 /* Force Xinerama (for drivers which don't support RandR yet, esp. the
734 * nVidia binary graphics driver), when specified either in the config
735 * file or on command-line */
738 DLOG("Checking for XRandR...\n");
739 randr_init(&randr_base, disable_randr15 || config.disable_randr15);
742 /* We need to force disabling outputs which have been loaded from the
743 * layout file but are no longer active. This can happen if the output has
744 * been disabled in the short time between writing the restart layout file
745 * and restarting i3. See #2326. */
746 if (layout_path != NULL && randr_base > -1) {
748 TAILQ_FOREACH(con, &(croot->nodes_head), nodes) {
750 TAILQ_FOREACH(output, &outputs, outputs) {
751 if (output->active || strcmp(con->name, output_primary_name(output)) != 0)
754 /* This will correctly correlate the output with its content
755 * container. We need to make the connection to properly
756 * disable the output. */
757 if (output->con == NULL) {
758 output_init_con(output);
759 output->changed = false;
762 output->to_be_disabled = true;
763 randr_disable_output(output);
769 scratchpad_fix_resolution();
771 xcb_query_pointer_reply_t *pointerreply;
772 Output *output = NULL;
773 if (!(pointerreply = xcb_query_pointer_reply(conn, pointercookie, NULL))) {
774 ELOG("Could not query pointer position, using first screen\n");
776 DLOG("Pointer at %d, %d\n", pointerreply->root_x, pointerreply->root_y);
777 output = get_output_containing(pointerreply->root_x, pointerreply->root_y);
779 ELOG("ERROR: No screen at (%d, %d), starting on the first screen\n",
780 pointerreply->root_x, pointerreply->root_y);
781 output = get_first_output();
784 con_activate(con_descend_focused(output_get_content(output->con)));
790 /* Create the UNIX domain socket for IPC */
791 int ipc_socket = ipc_create_socket(config.ipc_socket_path);
792 if (ipc_socket == -1) {
793 ELOG("Could not create the IPC socket, IPC disabled\n");
795 struct ev_io *ipc_io = scalloc(1, sizeof(struct ev_io));
796 ev_io_init(ipc_io, ipc_new_client, ipc_socket, EV_READ);
797 ev_io_start(main_loop, ipc_io);
800 /* Also handle the UNIX domain sockets passed via socket activation. The
801 * parameter 1 means "remove the environment variables", we don’t want to
802 * pass these to child processes. */
803 listen_fds = sd_listen_fds(0);
805 ELOG("socket activation: Error in sd_listen_fds\n");
806 else if (listen_fds == 0)
807 DLOG("socket activation: no sockets passed\n");
810 for (int fd = SD_LISTEN_FDS_START;
811 fd < (SD_LISTEN_FDS_START + listen_fds);
813 DLOG("socket activation: also listening on fd %d\n", fd);
815 /* sd_listen_fds() enables FD_CLOEXEC by default.
816 * However, we need to keep the file descriptors open for in-place
817 * restarting, therefore we explicitly disable FD_CLOEXEC. */
818 if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD)) < 0 ||
819 fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags & ~FD_CLOEXEC) < 0) {
820 ELOG("Could not disable FD_CLOEXEC on fd %d\n", fd);
823 struct ev_io *ipc_io = scalloc(1, sizeof(struct ev_io));
824 ev_io_init(ipc_io, ipc_new_client, fd, EV_READ);
825 ev_io_start(main_loop, ipc_io);
829 /* Set up i3 specific atoms like I3_SOCKET_PATH and I3_CONFIG_PATH */
831 ewmh_update_workarea();
833 /* Set the ewmh desktop properties. */
834 ewmh_update_current_desktop();
835 ewmh_update_number_of_desktops();
836 ewmh_update_desktop_names();
837 ewmh_update_desktop_viewport();
839 struct ev_io *xcb_watcher = scalloc(1, sizeof(struct ev_io));
840 xcb_prepare = scalloc(1, sizeof(struct ev_prepare));
842 ev_io_init(xcb_watcher, xcb_got_event, xcb_get_file_descriptor(conn), EV_READ);
843 ev_io_start(main_loop, xcb_watcher);
845 ev_prepare_init(xcb_prepare, xcb_prepare_cb);
846 ev_prepare_start(main_loop, xcb_prepare);
850 /* What follows is a fugly consequence of X11 protocol race conditions like
851 * the following: In an i3 in-place restart, i3 will reparent all windows
852 * to the root window, then exec() itself. In the new process, it calls
853 * manage_existing_windows. However, in case any application sent a
854 * generated UnmapNotify message to the WM (as GIMP does), this message
855 * will be handled by i3 *after* managing the window, thus i3 thinks the
856 * window just closed itself. In reality, the message was sent in the time
857 * period where i3 wasn’t running yet.
859 * To prevent this, we grab the server (disables processing of any other
860 * connections), then discard all pending events (since we didn’t do
861 * anything, there cannot be any meaningful responses), then ungrab the
863 xcb_grab_server(conn);
866 xcb_generic_event_t *event;
867 while ((event = xcb_poll_for_event(conn)) != NULL) {
868 if (event->response_type == 0) {
873 /* Strip off the highest bit (set if the event is generated) */
874 int type = (event->response_type & 0x7F);
876 /* We still need to handle MapRequests which are sent in the
877 * timespan starting from when we register as a window manager and
878 * this piece of code which drops events. */
879 if (type == XCB_MAP_REQUEST)
880 handle_event(type, event);
884 manage_existing_windows(root);
886 xcb_ungrab_server(conn);
889 LOG("This is not an in-place restart, copying root window contents to a pixmap\n");
890 xcb_screen_t *root = xcb_aux_get_screen(conn, conn_screen);
891 uint16_t width = root->width_in_pixels;
892 uint16_t height = root->height_in_pixels;
893 xcb_pixmap_t pixmap = xcb_generate_id(conn);
894 xcb_gcontext_t gc = xcb_generate_id(conn);
896 xcb_create_pixmap(conn, root->root_depth, pixmap, root->root, width, height);
898 xcb_create_gc(conn, gc, root->root,
899 XCB_GC_FUNCTION | XCB_GC_PLANE_MASK | XCB_GC_FILL_STYLE | XCB_GC_SUBWINDOW_MODE,
900 (uint32_t[]){XCB_GX_COPY, ~0, XCB_FILL_STYLE_SOLID, XCB_SUBWINDOW_MODE_INCLUDE_INFERIORS});
902 xcb_copy_area(conn, root->root, pixmap, gc, 0, 0, 0, 0, width, height);
903 xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, root->root, XCB_CW_BACK_PIXMAP, (uint32_t[]){pixmap});
905 xcb_free_gc(conn, gc);
906 xcb_free_pixmap(conn, pixmap);
909 #if defined(__OpenBSD__)
910 if (pledge("stdio rpath wpath cpath proc exec unix", NULL) == -1)
911 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "pledge");
914 if (!disable_signalhandler)
915 setup_signal_handler();
917 struct sigaction action;
919 action.sa_sigaction = handle_core_signal;
920 action.sa_flags = SA_NODEFER | SA_RESETHAND | SA_SIGINFO;
921 sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask);
923 /* Catch all signals with default action "Core", see signal(7) */
924 if (sigaction(SIGQUIT, &action, NULL) == -1 ||
925 sigaction(SIGILL, &action, NULL) == -1 ||
926 sigaction(SIGABRT, &action, NULL) == -1 ||
927 sigaction(SIGFPE, &action, NULL) == -1 ||
928 sigaction(SIGSEGV, &action, NULL) == -1)
929 ELOG("Could not setup signal handler.\n");
932 setup_term_handlers();
933 /* Ignore SIGPIPE to survive errors when an IPC client disconnects
934 * while we are sending them a message */
935 signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
937 /* Autostarting exec-lines */
939 while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&autostarts)) {
940 struct Autostart *exec = TAILQ_FIRST(&autostarts);
942 LOG("auto-starting %s\n", exec->command);
943 start_application(exec->command, exec->no_startup_id);
946 TAILQ_REMOVE(&autostarts, exec, autostarts);
951 /* Autostarting exec_always-lines */
952 while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&autostarts_always)) {
953 struct Autostart *exec_always = TAILQ_FIRST(&autostarts_always);
955 LOG("auto-starting (always!) %s\n", exec_always->command);
956 start_application(exec_always->command, exec_always->no_startup_id);
958 FREE(exec_always->command);
959 TAILQ_REMOVE(&autostarts_always, exec_always, autostarts_always);
963 /* Start i3bar processes for all configured bars */
964 Barconfig *barconfig;
965 TAILQ_FOREACH(barconfig, &barconfigs, configs) {
966 char *command = NULL;
967 sasprintf(&command, "%s %s --bar_id=%s --socket=\"%s\"",
968 barconfig->i3bar_command ? barconfig->i3bar_command : "i3bar",
969 barconfig->verbose ? "-V" : "",
970 barconfig->id, current_socketpath);
971 LOG("Starting bar process: %s\n", command);
972 start_application(command, true);
976 /* Make sure to destroy the event loop to invoke the cleanup callbacks
977 * when calling exit() */
980 ev_loop(main_loop, 0);