1 /***************************************************************************
2 * Copyright (C) 2009 Zachary T Welch *
3 * zw@superlucidity.net *
5 * Copyright (C) 2007,2008,2009 Øyvind Harboe *
6 * oyvind.harboe@zylin.com *
8 * Copyright (C) 2009 SoftPLC Corporation *
12 * Copyright (C) 2005 by Dominic Rath *
13 * Dominic.Rath@gmx.de *
15 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify *
16 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by *
17 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or *
18 * (at your option) any later version. *
20 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, *
21 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of *
22 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the *
23 * GNU General Public License for more details. *
25 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License *
26 * along with this program; if not, write to the *
27 * Free Software Foundation, Inc., *
28 * 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. *
29 ***************************************************************************/
35 #include "interface.h"
42 /// The number of JTAG queue flushes (for profiling and debugging purposes).
43 static int jtag_flush_queue_count;
45 static void jtag_add_scan_check(void (*jtag_add_scan)(int in_num_fields, const struct scan_field *in_fields, tap_state_t state),
46 int in_num_fields, struct scan_field *in_fields, tap_state_t state);
49 * The jtag_error variable is set when an error occurs while executing
50 * the queue. Application code may set this using jtag_set_error(),
51 * when an error occurs during processing that should be reported during
52 * jtag_execute_queue().
54 * Tts value may be checked with jtag_get_error() and cleared with
55 * jtag_error_clear(). This value is returned (and cleared) by
56 * jtag_execute_queue().
58 static int jtag_error = ERROR_OK;
60 static const char *jtag_event_strings[] =
62 [JTAG_TRST_ASSERTED] = "TAP reset",
63 [JTAG_TAP_EVENT_SETUP] = "TAP setup",
64 [JTAG_TAP_EVENT_ENABLE] = "TAP enabled",
65 [JTAG_TAP_EVENT_DISABLE] = "TAP disabled",
69 * JTAG adapters must initialize with TRST and SRST de-asserted
70 * (they're negative logic, so that means *high*). But some
71 * hardware doesn't necessarily work that way ... so set things
72 * up so that jtag_init() always forces that state.
74 static int jtag_trst = -1;
75 static int jtag_srst = -1;
78 * List all TAPs that have been created.
80 static struct jtag_tap *__jtag_all_taps = NULL;
82 * The number of TAPs in the __jtag_all_taps list, used to track the
83 * assigned chain position to new TAPs
85 static unsigned jtag_num_taps = 0;
87 static enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = RESET_NONE;
88 static tap_state_t cmd_queue_end_state = TAP_RESET;
89 tap_state_t cmd_queue_cur_state = TAP_RESET;
91 static bool jtag_verify_capture_ir = true;
92 static int jtag_verify = 1;
94 /* how long the OpenOCD should wait before attempting JTAG communication after reset lines deasserted (in ms) */
95 static int jtag_nsrst_delay = 0; /* default to no nSRST delay */
96 static int jtag_ntrst_delay = 0; /* default to no nTRST delay */
97 static int jtag_nsrst_assert_width = 0; /* width of assertion */
98 static int jtag_ntrst_assert_width = 0; /* width of assertion */
101 * Contains a single callback along with a pointer that will be passed
102 * when an event occurs.
104 struct jtag_event_callback {
106 jtag_event_handler_t callback;
107 /// the private data to pass to the callback
109 /// the next callback
110 struct jtag_event_callback* next;
113 /* callbacks to inform high-level handlers about JTAG state changes */
114 static struct jtag_event_callback *jtag_event_callbacks;
117 static int speed_khz = 0;
118 /* speed to fallback to when RCLK is requested but not supported */
119 static int rclk_fallback_speed_khz = 0;
120 static enum {CLOCK_MODE_SPEED, CLOCK_MODE_KHZ, CLOCK_MODE_RCLK} clock_mode;
121 static int jtag_speed = 0;
123 static struct jtag_interface *jtag = NULL;
126 struct jtag_interface *jtag_interface = NULL;
128 void jtag_set_error(int error)
130 if ((error == ERROR_OK) || (jtag_error != ERROR_OK))
134 int jtag_get_error(void)
138 int jtag_error_clear(void)
140 int temp = jtag_error;
141 jtag_error = ERROR_OK;
147 static bool jtag_poll = 1;
149 bool is_jtag_poll_safe(void)
151 /* Polling can be disabled explicitly with set_enabled(false).
152 * It is also implicitly disabled while TRST is active and
153 * while SRST is gating the JTAG clock.
155 if (!jtag_poll || jtag_trst != 0)
157 return jtag_srst == 0 || (jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_NO_GATING);
160 bool jtag_poll_get_enabled(void)
165 void jtag_poll_set_enabled(bool value)
172 struct jtag_tap *jtag_all_taps(void)
174 return __jtag_all_taps;
177 unsigned jtag_tap_count(void)
179 return jtag_num_taps;
182 unsigned jtag_tap_count_enabled(void)
184 struct jtag_tap *t = jtag_all_taps();
195 /// Append a new TAP to the chain of all taps.
196 void jtag_tap_add(struct jtag_tap *t)
198 t->abs_chain_position = jtag_num_taps++;
200 struct jtag_tap **tap = &__jtag_all_taps;
202 tap = &(*tap)->next_tap;
206 /* returns a pointer to the n-th device in the scan chain */
207 static inline struct jtag_tap *jtag_tap_by_position(unsigned n)
209 struct jtag_tap *t = jtag_all_taps();
217 struct jtag_tap *jtag_tap_by_string(const char *s)
219 /* try by name first */
220 struct jtag_tap *t = jtag_all_taps();
224 if (0 == strcmp(t->dotted_name, s))
229 /* no tap found by name, so try to parse the name as a number */
231 if (parse_uint(s, &n) != ERROR_OK)
234 /* FIXME remove this numeric fallback code late June 2010, along
235 * with all info in the User's Guide that TAPs have numeric IDs.
236 * Also update "scan_chain" output to not display the numbers.
238 t = jtag_tap_by_position(n);
240 LOG_WARNING("Specify TAP '%s' by name, not number %u",
246 struct jtag_tap* jtag_tap_next_enabled(struct jtag_tap* p)
248 p = p ? p->next_tap : jtag_all_taps();
258 const char *jtag_tap_name(const struct jtag_tap *tap)
260 return (tap == NULL) ? "(unknown)" : tap->dotted_name;
264 int jtag_register_event_callback(jtag_event_handler_t callback, void *priv)
266 struct jtag_event_callback **callbacks_p = &jtag_event_callbacks;
268 if (callback == NULL)
270 return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
275 while ((*callbacks_p)->next)
276 callbacks_p = &((*callbacks_p)->next);
277 callbacks_p = &((*callbacks_p)->next);
280 (*callbacks_p) = malloc(sizeof(struct jtag_event_callback));
281 (*callbacks_p)->callback = callback;
282 (*callbacks_p)->priv = priv;
283 (*callbacks_p)->next = NULL;
288 int jtag_unregister_event_callback(jtag_event_handler_t callback, void *priv)
290 struct jtag_event_callback **callbacks_p;
291 struct jtag_event_callback **next;
293 if (callback == NULL)
295 return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
298 for (callbacks_p = &jtag_event_callbacks;
299 *callbacks_p != NULL;
302 next = &((*callbacks_p)->next);
304 if ((*callbacks_p)->priv != priv)
307 if ((*callbacks_p)->callback == callback)
310 *callbacks_p = *next;
317 int jtag_call_event_callbacks(enum jtag_event event)
319 struct jtag_event_callback *callback = jtag_event_callbacks;
321 LOG_DEBUG("jtag event: %s", jtag_event_strings[event]);
325 struct jtag_event_callback *next;
327 /* callback may remove itself */
328 next = callback->next;
329 callback->callback(event, callback->priv);
336 static void jtag_checks(void)
338 assert(jtag_trst == 0);
341 static void jtag_prelude(tap_state_t state)
345 assert(state != TAP_INVALID);
347 cmd_queue_cur_state = state;
350 void jtag_alloc_in_value32(struct scan_field *field)
352 interface_jtag_alloc_in_value32(field);
355 void jtag_add_ir_scan_noverify(int in_count, const struct scan_field *in_fields,
360 int retval = interface_jtag_add_ir_scan(in_count, in_fields, state);
361 jtag_set_error(retval);
365 void jtag_add_ir_scan(int in_num_fields, struct scan_field *in_fields, tap_state_t state)
367 assert(state != TAP_RESET);
369 if (jtag_verify && jtag_verify_capture_ir)
371 /* 8 x 32 bit id's is enough for all invocations */
373 for (int j = 0; j < in_num_fields; j++)
375 /* if we are to run a verification of the ir scan, we need to get the input back.
376 * We may have to allocate space if the caller didn't ask for the input back.
378 in_fields[j].check_value = in_fields[j].tap->expected;
379 in_fields[j].check_mask = in_fields[j].tap->expected_mask;
381 jtag_add_scan_check(jtag_add_ir_scan_noverify, in_num_fields, in_fields, state);
384 jtag_add_ir_scan_noverify(in_num_fields, in_fields, state);
388 void jtag_add_plain_ir_scan(int in_num_fields, const struct scan_field *in_fields,
391 assert(state != TAP_RESET);
395 int retval = interface_jtag_add_plain_ir_scan(
396 in_num_fields, in_fields, state);
397 jtag_set_error(retval);
400 static int jtag_check_value_inner(uint8_t *captured, uint8_t *in_check_value,
401 uint8_t *in_check_mask, int num_bits);
403 static int jtag_check_value_mask_callback(jtag_callback_data_t data0, jtag_callback_data_t data1, jtag_callback_data_t data2, jtag_callback_data_t data3)
405 return jtag_check_value_inner((uint8_t *)data0, (uint8_t *)data1, (uint8_t *)data2, (int)data3);
408 static void jtag_add_scan_check(void (*jtag_add_scan)(int in_num_fields, const struct scan_field *in_fields, tap_state_t state),
409 int in_num_fields, struct scan_field *in_fields, tap_state_t state)
411 for (int i = 0; i < in_num_fields; i++)
413 struct scan_field *field = &in_fields[i];
414 field->allocated = 0;
416 if (field->check_value || field->in_value)
418 interface_jtag_add_scan_check_alloc(field);
422 jtag_add_scan(in_num_fields, in_fields, state);
424 for (int i = 0; i < in_num_fields; i++)
426 if ((in_fields[i].check_value != NULL) && (in_fields[i].in_value != NULL))
428 /* this is synchronous for a minidriver */
429 jtag_add_callback4(jtag_check_value_mask_callback, (jtag_callback_data_t)in_fields[i].in_value,
430 (jtag_callback_data_t)in_fields[i].check_value,
431 (jtag_callback_data_t)in_fields[i].check_mask,
432 (jtag_callback_data_t)in_fields[i].num_bits);
434 if (in_fields[i].allocated)
436 free(in_fields[i].in_value);
438 if (in_fields[i].modified)
440 in_fields[i].in_value = NULL;
445 void jtag_add_dr_scan_check(int in_num_fields, struct scan_field *in_fields, tap_state_t state)
449 jtag_add_scan_check(jtag_add_dr_scan, in_num_fields, in_fields, state);
452 jtag_add_dr_scan(in_num_fields, in_fields, state);
457 void jtag_add_dr_scan(int in_num_fields, const struct scan_field *in_fields,
460 assert(state != TAP_RESET);
465 retval = interface_jtag_add_dr_scan(in_num_fields, in_fields, state);
466 jtag_set_error(retval);
469 void jtag_add_plain_dr_scan(int in_num_fields, const struct scan_field *in_fields,
472 assert(state != TAP_RESET);
477 retval = interface_jtag_add_plain_dr_scan(in_num_fields, in_fields, state);
478 jtag_set_error(retval);
481 void jtag_add_tlr(void)
483 jtag_prelude(TAP_RESET);
484 jtag_set_error(interface_jtag_add_tlr());
486 /* NOTE: order here matches TRST path in jtag_add_reset() */
487 jtag_call_event_callbacks(JTAG_TRST_ASSERTED);
488 jtag_notify_event(JTAG_TRST_ASSERTED);
491 void jtag_add_pathmove(int num_states, const tap_state_t *path)
493 tap_state_t cur_state = cmd_queue_cur_state;
495 /* the last state has to be a stable state */
496 if (!tap_is_state_stable(path[num_states - 1]))
498 LOG_ERROR("BUG: TAP path doesn't finish in a stable state");
499 jtag_set_error(ERROR_JTAG_NOT_STABLE_STATE);
503 for (int i = 0; i < num_states; i++)
505 if (path[i] == TAP_RESET)
507 LOG_ERROR("BUG: TAP_RESET is not a valid state for pathmove sequences");
508 jtag_set_error(ERROR_JTAG_STATE_INVALID);
512 if (tap_state_transition(cur_state, true) != path[i]
513 && tap_state_transition(cur_state, false) != path[i])
515 LOG_ERROR("BUG: %s -> %s isn't a valid TAP transition",
516 tap_state_name(cur_state), tap_state_name(path[i]));
517 jtag_set_error(ERROR_JTAG_TRANSITION_INVALID);
525 jtag_set_error(interface_jtag_add_pathmove(num_states, path));
526 cmd_queue_cur_state = path[num_states - 1];
529 int jtag_add_statemove(tap_state_t goal_state)
531 tap_state_t cur_state = cmd_queue_cur_state;
533 LOG_DEBUG("cur_state=%s goal_state=%s",
534 tap_state_name(cur_state),
535 tap_state_name(goal_state));
538 /* If goal is RESET, be paranoid and force that that transition
539 * (e.g. five TCK cycles, TMS high). Else trust "cur_state".
541 if (goal_state == TAP_RESET)
543 else if (goal_state == cur_state)
544 /* nothing to do */ ;
546 else if (tap_is_state_stable(cur_state) && tap_is_state_stable(goal_state))
548 unsigned tms_bits = tap_get_tms_path(cur_state, goal_state);
549 unsigned tms_count = tap_get_tms_path_len(cur_state, goal_state);
550 tap_state_t moves[8];
551 assert(tms_count < ARRAY_SIZE(moves));
553 for (unsigned i = 0; i < tms_count; i++, tms_bits >>= 1)
555 bool bit = tms_bits & 1;
557 cur_state = tap_state_transition(cur_state, bit);
558 moves[i] = cur_state;
561 jtag_add_pathmove(tms_count, moves);
563 else if (tap_state_transition(cur_state, true) == goal_state
564 || tap_state_transition(cur_state, false) == goal_state)
566 jtag_add_pathmove(1, &goal_state);
575 void jtag_add_runtest(int num_cycles, tap_state_t state)
578 jtag_set_error(interface_jtag_add_runtest(num_cycles, state));
582 void jtag_add_clocks(int num_cycles)
584 if (!tap_is_state_stable(cmd_queue_cur_state))
586 LOG_ERROR("jtag_add_clocks() called with TAP in unstable state \"%s\"",
587 tap_state_name(cmd_queue_cur_state));
588 jtag_set_error(ERROR_JTAG_NOT_STABLE_STATE);
595 jtag_set_error(interface_jtag_add_clocks(num_cycles));
599 void jtag_add_reset(int req_tlr_or_trst, int req_srst)
601 int trst_with_tlr = 0;
605 /* Without SRST, we must use target-specific JTAG operations
606 * on each target; callers should not be requesting SRST when
607 * that signal doesn't exist.
609 * RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST is a board or chip level quirk, which
610 * can kick in even if the JTAG adapter can't drive TRST.
613 if (!(jtag_reset_config & RESET_HAS_SRST)) {
614 LOG_ERROR("BUG: can't assert SRST");
615 jtag_set_error(ERROR_FAIL);
618 if ((jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST) != 0
619 && !req_tlr_or_trst) {
620 LOG_ERROR("BUG: can't assert only SRST");
621 jtag_set_error(ERROR_FAIL);
627 /* JTAG reset (entry to TAP_RESET state) can always be achieved
628 * using TCK and TMS; that may go through a TAP_{IR,DR}UPDATE
629 * state first. TRST accelerates it, and bypasses those states.
631 * RESET_TRST_PULLS_SRST is a board or chip level quirk, which
632 * can kick in even if the JTAG adapter can't drive SRST.
634 if (req_tlr_or_trst) {
635 if (!(jtag_reset_config & RESET_HAS_TRST))
637 else if ((jtag_reset_config & RESET_TRST_PULLS_SRST) != 0
644 /* Maybe change TRST and/or SRST signal state */
645 if (jtag_srst != new_srst || jtag_trst != new_trst) {
648 retval = interface_jtag_add_reset(new_trst, new_srst);
649 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
650 jtag_set_error(retval);
652 retval = jtag_execute_queue();
654 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
655 LOG_ERROR("TRST/SRST error %d", retval);
660 /* SRST resets everything hooked up to that signal */
661 if (jtag_srst != new_srst) {
662 jtag_srst = new_srst;
665 LOG_DEBUG("SRST line asserted");
666 if (jtag_nsrst_assert_width)
667 jtag_add_sleep(jtag_nsrst_assert_width * 1000);
670 LOG_DEBUG("SRST line released");
671 if (jtag_nsrst_delay)
672 jtag_add_sleep(jtag_nsrst_delay * 1000);
676 /* Maybe enter the JTAG TAP_RESET state ...
677 * - using only TMS, TCK, and the JTAG state machine
678 * - or else more directly, using TRST
680 * TAP_RESET should be invisible to non-debug parts of the system.
683 LOG_DEBUG("JTAG reset with TLR instead of TRST");
684 jtag_set_end_state(TAP_RESET);
687 } else if (jtag_trst != new_trst) {
688 jtag_trst = new_trst;
690 LOG_DEBUG("TRST line asserted");
691 tap_set_state(TAP_RESET);
692 if (jtag_ntrst_assert_width)
693 jtag_add_sleep(jtag_ntrst_assert_width * 1000);
695 LOG_DEBUG("TRST line released");
696 if (jtag_ntrst_delay)
697 jtag_add_sleep(jtag_ntrst_delay * 1000);
699 /* We just asserted nTRST, so we're now in TAP_RESET.
700 * Inform possible listeners about this, now that
701 * JTAG instructions and data can be shifted. This
702 * sequence must match jtag_add_tlr().
704 jtag_call_event_callbacks(JTAG_TRST_ASSERTED);
705 jtag_notify_event(JTAG_TRST_ASSERTED);
710 tap_state_t jtag_set_end_state(tap_state_t state)
712 if ((state == TAP_DRSHIFT)||(state == TAP_IRSHIFT))
714 LOG_ERROR("BUG: TAP_DRSHIFT/IRSHIFT can't be end state. Calling code should use a larger scan field");
717 if (state != TAP_INVALID)
718 cmd_queue_end_state = state;
719 return cmd_queue_end_state;
722 tap_state_t jtag_get_end_state(void)
724 return cmd_queue_end_state;
727 void jtag_add_sleep(uint32_t us)
729 /// @todo Here, keep_alive() appears to be a layering violation!!!
731 jtag_set_error(interface_jtag_add_sleep(us));
734 static int jtag_check_value_inner(uint8_t *captured, uint8_t *in_check_value,
735 uint8_t *in_check_mask, int num_bits)
737 int retval = ERROR_OK;
741 compare_failed = buf_cmp_mask(captured, in_check_value, in_check_mask, num_bits);
743 compare_failed = buf_cmp(captured, in_check_value, num_bits);
745 if (compare_failed) {
746 char *captured_str, *in_check_value_str;
747 int bits = (num_bits > DEBUG_JTAG_IOZ)
751 /* NOTE: we've lost diagnostic context here -- 'which tap' */
753 captured_str = buf_to_str(captured, bits, 16);
754 in_check_value_str = buf_to_str(in_check_value, bits, 16);
756 LOG_WARNING("Bad value '%s' captured during DR or IR scan:",
758 LOG_WARNING(" check_value: 0x%s", in_check_value_str);
761 free(in_check_value_str);
764 char *in_check_mask_str;
766 in_check_mask_str = buf_to_str(in_check_mask, bits, 16);
767 LOG_WARNING(" check_mask: 0x%s", in_check_mask_str);
768 free(in_check_mask_str);
771 retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
776 void jtag_check_value_mask(struct scan_field *field, uint8_t *value, uint8_t *mask)
778 assert(field->in_value != NULL);
782 /* no checking to do */
786 jtag_execute_queue_noclear();
788 int retval = jtag_check_value_inner(field->in_value, value, mask, field->num_bits);
789 jtag_set_error(retval);
794 int default_interface_jtag_execute_queue(void)
798 LOG_ERROR("No JTAG interface configured yet. "
799 "Issue 'init' command in startup scripts "
800 "before communicating with targets.");
804 return jtag->execute_queue();
807 void jtag_execute_queue_noclear(void)
809 jtag_flush_queue_count++;
810 jtag_set_error(interface_jtag_execute_queue());
813 int jtag_get_flush_queue_count(void)
815 return jtag_flush_queue_count;
818 int jtag_execute_queue(void)
820 jtag_execute_queue_noclear();
821 return jtag_error_clear();
824 static int jtag_reset_callback(enum jtag_event event, void *priv)
826 struct jtag_tap *tap = priv;
828 if (event == JTAG_TRST_ASSERTED)
830 tap->enabled = !tap->disabled_after_reset;
832 /* current instruction is either BYPASS or IDCODE */
833 buf_set_ones(tap->cur_instr, tap->ir_length);
840 void jtag_sleep(uint32_t us)
842 alive_sleep(us/1000);
845 /* Maximum number of enabled JTAG devices we expect in the scan chain,
846 * plus one (to detect garbage at the end). Devices that don't support
847 * IDCODE take up fewer bits, possibly allowing a few more devices.
849 #define JTAG_MAX_CHAIN_SIZE 20
851 #define EXTRACT_MFG(X) (((X) & 0xffe) >> 1)
852 #define EXTRACT_PART(X) (((X) & 0xffff000) >> 12)
853 #define EXTRACT_VER(X) (((X) & 0xf0000000) >> 28)
855 /* A reserved manufacturer ID is used in END_OF_CHAIN_FLAG, so we
856 * know that no valid TAP will have it as an IDCODE value.
858 #define END_OF_CHAIN_FLAG 0x000000ff
860 /* a larger IR length than we ever expect to autoprobe */
861 #define JTAG_IRLEN_MAX 60
863 static int jtag_examine_chain_execute(uint8_t *idcode_buffer, unsigned num_idcode)
865 struct scan_field field = {
867 .num_bits = num_idcode * 32,
868 .out_value = idcode_buffer,
869 .in_value = idcode_buffer,
872 // initialize to the end of chain ID value
873 for (unsigned i = 0; i < JTAG_MAX_CHAIN_SIZE; i++)
874 buf_set_u32(idcode_buffer, i * 32, 32, END_OF_CHAIN_FLAG);
876 jtag_add_plain_dr_scan(1, &field, TAP_DRPAUSE);
878 return jtag_execute_queue();
881 static bool jtag_examine_chain_check(uint8_t *idcodes, unsigned count)
883 uint8_t zero_check = 0x0;
884 uint8_t one_check = 0xff;
886 for (unsigned i = 0; i < count * 4; i++)
888 zero_check |= idcodes[i];
889 one_check &= idcodes[i];
892 /* if there wasn't a single non-zero bit or if all bits were one,
893 * the scan is not valid. We wrote a mix of both values; either
895 * - There's a hardware issue (almost certainly):
896 * + all-zeroes can mean a target stuck in JTAG reset
897 * + all-ones tends to mean no target
898 * - The scan chain is WAY longer than we can handle, *AND* either
899 * + there are several hundreds of TAPs in bypass, or
900 * + at least a few dozen TAPs all have an all-ones IDCODE
902 if (zero_check == 0x00 || one_check == 0xff)
904 LOG_ERROR("JTAG scan chain interrogation failed: all %s",
905 (zero_check == 0x00) ? "zeroes" : "ones");
906 LOG_ERROR("Check JTAG interface, timings, target power, etc.");
912 static void jtag_examine_chain_display(enum log_levels level, const char *msg,
913 const char *name, uint32_t idcode)
915 log_printf_lf(level, __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__,
916 "JTAG tap: %s %16.16s: 0x%08x "
917 "(mfg: 0x%3.3x, part: 0x%4.4x, ver: 0x%1.1x)",
919 (unsigned int)idcode,
920 (unsigned int)EXTRACT_MFG(idcode),
921 (unsigned int)EXTRACT_PART(idcode),
922 (unsigned int)EXTRACT_VER(idcode));
925 static bool jtag_idcode_is_final(uint32_t idcode)
928 * Some devices, such as AVR8, will output all 1's instead
929 * of TDI input value at end of chain. Allow those values
930 * instead of failing.
932 return idcode == END_OF_CHAIN_FLAG || idcode == 0xFFFFFFFF;
936 * This helper checks that remaining bits in the examined chain data are
937 * all as expected, but a single JTAG device requires only 64 bits to be
938 * read back correctly. This can help identify and diagnose problems
939 * with the JTAG chain earlier, gives more helpful/explicit error messages.
940 * Returns TRUE iff garbage was found.
942 static bool jtag_examine_chain_end(uint8_t *idcodes, unsigned count, unsigned max)
944 bool triggered = false;
945 for (; count < max - 31; count += 32)
947 uint32_t idcode = buf_get_u32(idcodes, count, 32);
949 /* do not trigger the warning if the data looks good */
950 if (jtag_idcode_is_final(idcode))
952 LOG_WARNING("Unexpected idcode after end of chain: %d 0x%08x",
953 count, (unsigned int)idcode);
959 static bool jtag_examine_chain_match_tap(const struct jtag_tap *tap)
961 /* ignore expected BYPASS codes; warn otherwise */
962 if (0 == tap->expected_ids_cnt && !tap->idcode)
965 /* Loop over the expected identification codes and test for a match */
966 unsigned ii, limit = tap->expected_ids_cnt;
968 for (ii = 0; ii < limit; ii++)
970 if (tap->idcode == tap->expected_ids[ii])
973 /* treat "-expected-id 0" as a "don't-warn" wildcard */
974 if (0 == tap->expected_ids[ii])
978 /* If none of the expected ids matched, warn */
979 jtag_examine_chain_display(LOG_LVL_WARNING, "UNEXPECTED",
980 tap->dotted_name, tap->idcode);
981 for (ii = 0; ii < limit; ii++)
985 snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "expected %u of %u", ii + 1, limit);
986 jtag_examine_chain_display(LOG_LVL_ERROR, msg,
987 tap->dotted_name, tap->expected_ids[ii]);
992 /* Try to examine chain layout according to IEEE 1149.1 §12
993 * This is called a "blind interrogation" of the scan chain.
995 static int jtag_examine_chain(void)
997 uint8_t idcode_buffer[JTAG_MAX_CHAIN_SIZE * 4];
1001 bool autoprobe = false;
1003 /* DR scan to collect BYPASS or IDCODE register contents.
1004 * Then make sure the scan data has both ones and zeroes.
1006 LOG_DEBUG("DR scan interrogation for IDCODE/BYPASS");
1007 retval = jtag_examine_chain_execute(idcode_buffer, JTAG_MAX_CHAIN_SIZE);
1008 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
1010 if (!jtag_examine_chain_check(idcode_buffer, JTAG_MAX_CHAIN_SIZE))
1011 return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
1013 /* point at the 1st tap */
1014 struct jtag_tap *tap = jtag_tap_next_enabled(NULL);
1020 tap && bit_count < (JTAG_MAX_CHAIN_SIZE * 32) - 31;
1021 tap = jtag_tap_next_enabled(tap))
1023 uint32_t idcode = buf_get_u32(idcode_buffer, bit_count, 32);
1025 if ((idcode & 1) == 0)
1027 /* Zero for LSB indicates a device in bypass */
1028 LOG_INFO("TAP %s does not have IDCODE",
1031 tap->hasidcode = false;
1037 /* Friendly devices support IDCODE */
1038 tap->hasidcode = true;
1039 jtag_examine_chain_display(LOG_LVL_INFO,
1041 tap->dotted_name, idcode);
1045 tap->idcode = idcode;
1047 /* ensure the TAP ID matches what was expected */
1048 if (!jtag_examine_chain_match_tap(tap))
1049 retval = ERROR_JTAG_INIT_SOFT_FAIL;
1052 /* Fail if too many TAPs were enabled for us to verify them all. */
1054 LOG_ERROR("Too many TAPs enabled; '%s' ignored.",
1056 return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
1059 /* if autoprobing, the tap list is still empty ... populate it! */
1060 while (autoprobe && bit_count < (JTAG_MAX_CHAIN_SIZE * 32) - 31) {
1064 /* Is there another TAP? */
1065 idcode = buf_get_u32(idcode_buffer, bit_count, 32);
1066 if (jtag_idcode_is_final(idcode))
1069 /* Default everything in this TAP except IR length.
1071 * REVISIT create a jtag_alloc(chip, tap) routine, and
1072 * share it with jim_newtap_cmd().
1074 tap = calloc(1, sizeof *tap);
1078 sprintf(buf, "auto%d", tapcount++);
1079 tap->chip = strdup(buf);
1080 tap->tapname = strdup("tap");
1082 sprintf(buf, "%s.%s", tap->chip, tap->tapname);
1083 tap->dotted_name = strdup(buf);
1085 /* tap->ir_length == 0 ... signifying irlen autoprobe */
1086 tap->ir_capture_mask = 0x03;
1087 tap->ir_capture_value = 0x01;
1089 tap->enabled = true;
1091 if ((idcode & 1) == 0) {
1093 tap->hasidcode = false;
1096 tap->hasidcode = true;
1097 tap->idcode = idcode;
1099 tap->expected_ids_cnt = 1;
1100 tap->expected_ids = malloc(sizeof(uint32_t));
1101 tap->expected_ids[0] = idcode;
1104 LOG_WARNING("AUTO %s - use \"jtag newtap "
1105 "%s %s -expected-id 0x%8.8" PRIx32 " ...\"",
1106 tap->dotted_name, tap->chip, tap->tapname,
1112 /* After those IDCODE or BYPASS register values should be
1113 * only the data we fed into the scan chain.
1115 if (jtag_examine_chain_end(idcode_buffer, bit_count,
1116 8 * sizeof(idcode_buffer))) {
1117 LOG_ERROR("double-check your JTAG setup (interface, "
1118 "speed, missing TAPs, ...)");
1119 return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
1122 /* Return success or, for backwards compatibility if only
1123 * some IDCODE values mismatched, a soft/continuable fault.
1129 * Validate the date loaded by entry to the Capture-IR state, to help
1130 * find errors related to scan chain configuration (wrong IR lengths)
1133 * Entry state can be anything. On non-error exit, all TAPs are in
1134 * bypass mode. On error exits, the scan chain is reset.
1136 static int jtag_validate_ircapture(void)
1138 struct jtag_tap *tap;
1139 int total_ir_length = 0;
1140 uint8_t *ir_test = NULL;
1141 struct scan_field field;
1146 /* when autoprobing, accomodate huge IR lengths */
1147 for (tap = NULL, total_ir_length = 0;
1148 (tap = jtag_tap_next_enabled(tap)) != NULL;
1149 total_ir_length += tap->ir_length) {
1150 if (tap->ir_length == 0)
1151 total_ir_length += JTAG_IRLEN_MAX;
1154 /* increase length to add 2 bit sentinel after scan */
1155 total_ir_length += 2;
1157 ir_test = malloc(DIV_ROUND_UP(total_ir_length, 8));
1158 if (ir_test == NULL)
1161 /* after this scan, all TAPs will capture BYPASS instructions */
1162 buf_set_ones(ir_test, total_ir_length);
1165 field.num_bits = total_ir_length;
1166 field.out_value = ir_test;
1167 field.in_value = ir_test;
1169 jtag_add_plain_ir_scan(1, &field, TAP_IDLE);
1171 LOG_DEBUG("IR capture validation scan");
1172 retval = jtag_execute_queue();
1173 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
1180 tap = jtag_tap_next_enabled(tap);
1185 /* If we're autoprobing, guess IR lengths. They must be at
1186 * least two bits. Guessing will fail if (a) any TAP does
1187 * not conform to the JTAG spec; or (b) when the upper bits
1188 * captured from some conforming TAP are nonzero. Or if
1189 * (c) an IR length is longer than 32 bits -- which is only
1190 * an implementation limit, which could someday be raised.
1192 * REVISIT optimization: if there's a *single* TAP we can
1193 * lift restrictions (a) and (b) by scanning a recognizable
1194 * pattern before the all-ones BYPASS. Check for where the
1195 * pattern starts in the result, instead of an 0...01 value.
1197 * REVISIT alternative approach: escape to some tcl code
1198 * which could provide more knowledge, based on IDCODE; and
1199 * only guess when that has no success.
1201 if (tap->ir_length == 0) {
1203 while ((val = buf_get_u32(ir_test, chain_pos,
1204 tap->ir_length + 1)) == 1
1205 && tap->ir_length <= 32) {
1208 LOG_WARNING("AUTO %s - use \"... -irlen %d\"",
1209 jtag_tap_name(tap), tap->ir_length);
1212 /* Validate the two LSBs, which must be 01 per JTAG spec.
1214 * Or ... more bits could be provided by TAP declaration.
1215 * Plus, some taps (notably in i.MX series chips) violate
1216 * this part of the JTAG spec, so their capture mask/value
1217 * attributes might disable this test.
1219 val = buf_get_u32(ir_test, chain_pos, tap->ir_length);
1220 if ((val & tap->ir_capture_mask) != tap->ir_capture_value) {
1221 LOG_ERROR("%s: IR capture error; saw 0x%0*x not 0x%0*x",
1223 (tap->ir_length + 7) / tap->ir_length,
1225 (tap->ir_length + 7) / tap->ir_length,
1226 (unsigned) tap->ir_capture_value);
1228 retval = ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
1231 LOG_DEBUG("%s: IR capture 0x%0*x", jtag_tap_name(tap),
1232 (tap->ir_length + 7) / tap->ir_length, val);
1233 chain_pos += tap->ir_length;
1236 /* verify the '11' sentinel we wrote is returned at the end */
1237 val = buf_get_u32(ir_test, chain_pos, 2);
1240 char *cbuf = buf_to_str(ir_test, total_ir_length, 16);
1242 LOG_ERROR("IR capture error at bit %d, saw 0x%s not 0x...3",
1245 retval = ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
1250 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
1252 jtag_execute_queue();
1258 void jtag_tap_init(struct jtag_tap *tap)
1260 unsigned ir_len_bits;
1261 unsigned ir_len_bytes;
1263 /* if we're autoprobing, cope with potentially huge ir_length */
1264 ir_len_bits = tap->ir_length ? : JTAG_IRLEN_MAX;
1265 ir_len_bytes = DIV_ROUND_UP(ir_len_bits, 8);
1267 tap->expected = calloc(1, ir_len_bytes);
1268 tap->expected_mask = calloc(1, ir_len_bytes);
1269 tap->cur_instr = malloc(ir_len_bytes);
1271 /// @todo cope better with ir_length bigger than 32 bits
1272 if (ir_len_bits > 32)
1275 buf_set_u32(tap->expected, 0, ir_len_bits, tap->ir_capture_value);
1276 buf_set_u32(tap->expected_mask, 0, ir_len_bits, tap->ir_capture_mask);
1278 // TAP will be in bypass mode after jtag_validate_ircapture()
1280 buf_set_ones(tap->cur_instr, tap->ir_length);
1282 // register the reset callback for the TAP
1283 jtag_register_event_callback(&jtag_reset_callback, tap);
1285 LOG_DEBUG("Created Tap: %s @ abs position %d, "
1286 "irlen %d, capture: 0x%x mask: 0x%x", tap->dotted_name,
1287 tap->abs_chain_position, tap->ir_length,
1288 (unsigned) tap->ir_capture_value,
1289 (unsigned) tap->ir_capture_mask);
1293 void jtag_tap_free(struct jtag_tap *tap)
1295 jtag_unregister_event_callback(&jtag_reset_callback, tap);
1297 /// @todo is anything missing? no memory leaks please
1298 free((void *)tap->expected);
1299 free((void *)tap->expected_ids);
1300 free((void *)tap->chip);
1301 free((void *)tap->tapname);
1302 free((void *)tap->dotted_name);
1306 int jtag_interface_init(struct command_context *cmd_ctx)
1311 if (!jtag_interface)
1313 /* nothing was previously specified by "interface" command */
1314 LOG_ERROR("JTAG interface has to be specified, see \"interface\" command");
1315 return ERROR_JTAG_INVALID_INTERFACE;
1318 jtag = jtag_interface;
1319 if (jtag_interface->init() != ERROR_OK)
1322 return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
1325 int requested_khz = jtag_get_speed_khz();
1326 int actual_khz = requested_khz;
1327 int retval = jtag_get_speed_readable(&actual_khz);
1328 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
1329 LOG_INFO("interface specific clock speed value %d", jtag_get_speed());
1330 else if (actual_khz)
1332 if ((CLOCK_MODE_RCLK == clock_mode)
1333 || ((CLOCK_MODE_KHZ == clock_mode) && !requested_khz))
1335 LOG_INFO("RCLK (adaptive clock speed) not supported - fallback to %d kHz"
1339 LOG_INFO("clock speed %d kHz", actual_khz);
1342 LOG_INFO("RCLK (adaptive clock speed)");
1347 int jtag_init_inner(struct command_context *cmd_ctx)
1349 struct jtag_tap *tap;
1351 bool issue_setup = true;
1353 LOG_DEBUG("Init JTAG chain");
1355 tap = jtag_tap_next_enabled(NULL);
1357 /* Once JTAG itself is properly set up, and the scan chain
1358 * isn't absurdly large, IDCODE autoprobe should work fine.
1360 * But ... IRLEN autoprobe can fail even on systems which
1361 * are fully conformant to JTAG. Also, JTAG setup can be
1362 * quite finicky on some systems.
1364 * REVISIT: if TAP autoprobe works OK, then in many cases
1365 * we could escape to tcl code and set up targets based on
1366 * the TAP's IDCODE values.
1368 LOG_WARNING("There are no enabled taps. "
1369 "AUTO PROBING MIGHT NOT WORK!!");
1371 /* REVISIT default clock will often be too fast ... */
1375 if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
1378 /* Examine DR values first. This discovers problems which will
1379 * prevent communication ... hardware issues like TDO stuck, or
1380 * configuring the wrong number of (enabled) TAPs.
1382 retval = jtag_examine_chain();
1385 /* complete success */
1387 case ERROR_JTAG_INIT_SOFT_FAIL:
1388 /* For backward compatibility reasons, try coping with
1389 * configuration errors involving only ID mismatches.
1390 * We might be able to talk to the devices.
1392 LOG_ERROR("Trying to use configured scan chain anyway...");
1393 issue_setup = false;
1396 /* some hard error; already issued diagnostics */
1400 /* Now look at IR values. Problems here will prevent real
1401 * communication. They mostly mean that the IR length is
1402 * wrong ... or that the IR capture value is wrong. (The
1403 * latter is uncommon, but easily worked around: provide
1404 * ircapture/irmask values during TAP setup.)
1406 retval = jtag_validate_ircapture();
1407 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
1411 jtag_notify_event(JTAG_TAP_EVENT_SETUP);
1413 LOG_WARNING("Bypassing JTAG setup events due to errors");
1419 int jtag_interface_quit(void)
1421 if (!jtag || !jtag->quit)
1424 // close the JTAG interface
1425 int result = jtag->quit();
1426 if (ERROR_OK != result)
1427 LOG_ERROR("failed: %d", result);
1433 int jtag_init_reset(struct command_context *cmd_ctx)
1437 if ((retval = jtag_interface_init(cmd_ctx)) != ERROR_OK)
1440 LOG_DEBUG("Initializing with hard TRST+SRST reset");
1443 * This procedure is used by default when OpenOCD triggers a reset.
1444 * It's now done through an overridable Tcl "init_reset" wrapper.
1446 * This started out as a more powerful "get JTAG working" reset than
1447 * jtag_init_inner(), applying TRST because some chips won't activate
1448 * JTAG without a TRST cycle (presumed to be async, though some of
1449 * those chips synchronize JTAG activation using TCK).
1451 * But some chips only activate JTAG as part of an SRST cycle; SRST
1452 * got mixed in. So it became a hard reset routine, which got used
1453 * in more places, and which coped with JTAG reset being forced as
1454 * part of SRST (srst_pulls_trst).
1456 * And even more corner cases started to surface: TRST and/or SRST
1457 * assertion timings matter; some chips need other JTAG operations;
1458 * TRST/SRST sequences can need to be different from these, etc.
1460 * Systems should override that wrapper to support system-specific
1461 * requirements that this not-fully-generic code doesn't handle.
1463 * REVISIT once Tcl code can read the reset_config modes, this won't
1464 * need to be a C routine at all...
1466 jtag_add_reset(1, 0); /* TAP_RESET, using TMS+TCK or TRST */
1467 if (jtag_reset_config & RESET_HAS_SRST)
1469 jtag_add_reset(1, 1);
1470 if ((jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST) == 0)
1471 jtag_add_reset(0, 1);
1473 jtag_add_reset(0, 0);
1474 if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
1477 /* Check that we can communication on the JTAG chain + eventually we want to
1478 * be able to perform enumeration only after OpenOCD has started
1479 * telnet and GDB server
1481 * That would allow users to more easily perform any magic they need to before
1484 return jtag_init_inner(cmd_ctx);
1487 int jtag_init(struct command_context *cmd_ctx)
1491 if ((retval = jtag_interface_init(cmd_ctx)) != ERROR_OK)
1494 /* guard against oddball hardware: force resets to be inactive */
1495 jtag_add_reset(0, 0);
1496 if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
1499 if (Jim_Eval_Named(cmd_ctx->interp, "jtag_init", __FILE__, __LINE__) != JIM_OK)
1505 unsigned jtag_get_speed_khz(void)
1510 static int jtag_khz_to_speed(unsigned khz, int* speed)
1512 LOG_DEBUG("convert khz to interface specific speed value");
1516 LOG_DEBUG("have interface set up");
1518 int retval = jtag->khz(jtag_get_speed_khz(), &speed_div1);
1519 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
1523 *speed = speed_div1;
1528 static int jtag_rclk_to_speed(unsigned fallback_speed_khz, int* speed)
1530 int retval = jtag_khz_to_speed(0, speed);
1531 if ((ERROR_OK != retval) && fallback_speed_khz)
1533 LOG_DEBUG("trying fallback speed...");
1534 retval = jtag_khz_to_speed(fallback_speed_khz, speed);
1539 static int jtag_set_speed(int speed)
1542 /* this command can be called during CONFIG,
1543 * in which case jtag isn't initialized */
1544 return jtag ? jtag->speed(speed) : ERROR_OK;
1547 int jtag_config_khz(unsigned khz)
1549 LOG_DEBUG("handle jtag khz");
1550 clock_mode = CLOCK_MODE_KHZ;
1552 int retval = jtag_khz_to_speed(khz, &speed);
1553 return (ERROR_OK != retval) ? retval : jtag_set_speed(speed);
1556 int jtag_config_rclk(unsigned fallback_speed_khz)
1558 LOG_DEBUG("handle jtag rclk");
1559 clock_mode = CLOCK_MODE_RCLK;
1560 rclk_fallback_speed_khz = fallback_speed_khz;
1562 int retval = jtag_rclk_to_speed(fallback_speed_khz, &speed);
1563 return (ERROR_OK != retval) ? retval : jtag_set_speed(speed);
1566 int jtag_get_speed(void)
1571 case CLOCK_MODE_SPEED:
1574 case CLOCK_MODE_KHZ:
1575 jtag_khz_to_speed(jtag_get_speed_khz(), &speed);
1577 case CLOCK_MODE_RCLK:
1578 jtag_rclk_to_speed(rclk_fallback_speed_khz, &speed);
1581 LOG_ERROR("BUG: unknown jtag clock mode");
1588 int jtag_get_speed_readable(int *khz)
1590 return jtag ? jtag->speed_div(jtag_get_speed(), khz) : ERROR_OK;
1593 void jtag_set_verify(bool enable)
1595 jtag_verify = enable;
1598 bool jtag_will_verify()
1603 void jtag_set_verify_capture_ir(bool enable)
1605 jtag_verify_capture_ir = enable;
1608 bool jtag_will_verify_capture_ir()
1610 return jtag_verify_capture_ir;
1613 int jtag_power_dropout(int *dropout)
1615 return jtag->power_dropout(dropout);
1618 int jtag_srst_asserted(int *srst_asserted)
1620 return jtag->srst_asserted(srst_asserted);
1623 enum reset_types jtag_get_reset_config(void)
1625 return jtag_reset_config;
1627 void jtag_set_reset_config(enum reset_types type)
1629 jtag_reset_config = type;
1632 int jtag_get_trst(void)
1636 int jtag_get_srst(void)
1641 void jtag_set_nsrst_delay(unsigned delay)
1643 jtag_nsrst_delay = delay;
1645 unsigned jtag_get_nsrst_delay(void)
1647 return jtag_nsrst_delay;
1649 void jtag_set_ntrst_delay(unsigned delay)
1651 jtag_ntrst_delay = delay;
1653 unsigned jtag_get_ntrst_delay(void)
1655 return jtag_ntrst_delay;
1659 void jtag_set_nsrst_assert_width(unsigned delay)
1661 jtag_nsrst_assert_width = delay;
1663 unsigned jtag_get_nsrst_assert_width(void)
1665 return jtag_nsrst_assert_width;
1667 void jtag_set_ntrst_assert_width(unsigned delay)
1669 jtag_ntrst_assert_width = delay;
1671 unsigned jtag_get_ntrst_assert_width(void)
1673 return jtag_ntrst_assert_width;